Walker Lane
Walker Lane
Walker Lane Deformation Belt | |
|---|---|
| Location | California, Nevada |
| Dimensions | |
| • Length | 500 mi (800 km) |
The Walker Lane is a geologic trough roughly aligned with the California/Nevada border southward to where Death Valley intersects the Garlock Fault, a major left lateral, or sinistral, strike-slip fault. The north-northwest end of the Walker Lane is between Pyramid Lake in Nevada and California's Lassen Peak[1][2] where the Honey Lake Fault Zone, the Warm Springs Valley Fault, and the Pyramid Lake Fault Zone[3] meet the transverse tectonic zone forming the southern boundary of the Modoc Plateau and Columbia Plateau provinces. The Walker Lane takes up 15 to 25 percent of the boundary motion between the Pacific plate and the North American plate, the other 75 percent being taken up by the San Andreas Fault system to the west.[4][5] The Walker Lane may represent an incipient major transform fault zone which could replace the San Andreas as the plate boundary in the future.[6][3]
The Walker Lane deformation belt also accommodates nearly 12 mm/yr of dextral shear between the Sierra Nevada–Great Valley Block and North America.[7][8] The belt is characterized by the northwest-striking trans-current faults and co-evolutionary dip-slip faults formed as result of a spatially segregated displacement field.[9]
Eastern California shear zone
[edit]The eastern California shear zone is the portion of the Walker Lane that extends south from Owens Valley, and continues across and south of the Garlock Fault, across the Mojave Desert to the San Andreas Fault.[10] Several magnitude 7+ earthquakes have occurred along the eastern California shear zone, including the 1992 Landers earthquake, 1999 Hector Mine earthquake, the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquakes sequence, as well as the powerful 1872 Owens Valley earthquake in the Owens Valley.
References
[edit]- ^ "Walker Lane" (PDF). A Tapestry of Time and Terrain: The Union of Two Maps – Geology and Topography. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2010-06-06.
- ^ "Active Deformation of the Walker Lane Belt". Active Tectonics Class Projects. University of Arizona Department of Geosciences. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
- ^ a b Geoff Manaugh (May 2019). "Nevada by the sea". Wired. p. 63.
- ^ Guest, Bernard; Niemi, Nathan; Wernicke, Brian (1 November 2007). "Stateline fault system: A new component of the Miocene-Quaternary Eastern California shear zone". Geological Society of America Bulletin. 119 (11–12): 1337–1347. Bibcode:2007GSAB..119.1337G. doi:10.1130/0016-7606(2007)119[1337:SFSANC]2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0016-7606. Wikidata Q70050019.
- ^ Wesnousky, Steven (June 2005). "Active faulting in the Walker Lane". Tectonics. 24 (3). Bibcode:2005Tecto..24.3009W. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.463.7174. doi:10.1029/2004TC001645. ISSN 0278-7407. Wikidata Q96749837.
- ^ Faulds, James E.; Christopher D. Henry; Nicholas H. Hinz (2005). "Kinematics of the northern Walker Lane: An incipient transform fault along the Pacific–North American plate boundary". Geology. 33 (6): 505. Bibcode:2005Geo....33..505F. doi:10.1130/G21274.1. ISSN 0091-7613. Wikidata Q58457938.
- ^ Oldow, J.S.; C.L.V. Aiken; J.L. Hare; J.F. Ferguson; R.F. Hardyman (2001). "Active displacement transfer and differential block motion within the central Walker Lane, western Great Basin". Geology. 29 (1): 19. Bibcode:2001Geo....29...19O. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2001)029<0019:ADTADB>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0091-7613. Wikidata Q29999790.
- ^ Unruh, Jeffrey; James Humphrey; Andrew Barron (2003). "Transtensional model for the Sierra Nevada frontal fault system, eastern California". Geology. 31 (4): 327. Bibcode:2003Geo....31..327U. doi:10.1130/0091-7613(2003)031<0327:TMFTSN>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0091-7613. Wikidata Q56874549.
- ^ Dokka, R.K.; Travis, C.J. (August 1990). "Role of the Eastern California Shear Zone in accommodating Pacific-North American Plate motion". Geophysical Research Letters. 17 (9): 1323–1326. Bibcode:1990GeoRL..17.1323D. doi:10.1029/GL017I009P01323. ISSN 0094-8276. Wikidata Q96777558.
- ^ Frankel, K. L.; Glazner, A. F.; Kirby, E.; Monastero, F. C.; Strane, M. D.; Oskin, M. E.; Unruh, J. R.; Walker, J. D.; Anandakrishnan, S.; Bartley, J. M.; Coleman, D. S.; Dolan, J. F.; Finkel, R. C.; Greene, D.; Kylander-Clark, A.; Morrero, S.; Owen, L.A.; Phillips, F. (2008). "Active tectonics of the eastern California shear zone". Field Guide to Plutons, Volcanoes, Faults, Reefs, Dinosaurs, and Possible Glaciation in Selected Areas of Arizona, California, and Nevada. Geological Society of America. pp. 43–82. ISBN 978-0-8137-0011-3.
Further reading
[edit]- Colin Chupik, Richard Koehler, Amanda Keen‐Zebert; Complex Holocene Fault Ruptures on the Warm Springs Valley Fault in the Northern Walker Lane, Nevada–Northern California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America 2021;; 112 (1): 575–596. doi: https://doi.org/10.1785/0120200271