Straight Street Bridge

Straight Street Bridge
Straight Street Bridge
	The Straight Street Bridge in 2007
Coordinates	40°55′35″N 74°09′58″W / 40.9263°N 74.1661°W
Carries	Straight Street; North Bridge Street; CR 650
Crosses	Passaic River
Locale	Paterson, New Jersey
Owner	Passaic County
Maintained by	County
ID number	1600014
Characteristics
Design	Pennsylvania truss
Material	Steel
Total length	254.9 feet (77.7 m)
Width	30.7 feet (9.4 m)
Longest span	251.0 feet (76.5 m)
No. of spans	1
Clearance above	18.5 feet (5.6 m)
History
Designer	Albert Fink
Engineering design by	Colin R. Wise
Construction end	1907
Opened	1907
Location
References

The Straight Street Bridge is a vehicular bridge over the Passaic River in Paterson, New Jersey, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Original construction and description

The single span Pennsylvania (petit) truss bridge on brownstone ashlar abutments. It was completed in 1907, using the substructure which had been built for an earlier bridge that had washed away in Passaic River Flood of 1903. The truss type was originally designed for the Pennsylvania Railroad to support the heavy loads required for rail traffic and were seldom used on roads, the industrial setting of Paterson at the time influenced the decision to build a stronger bridge at that location.^[8]

Rehabilitation and historic status

Roadway view of bridge from its southeast end, 2012

A historic rehabilitation of the bridge completed in 2003 by the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) with little visible change to the superstructure while components below the bridge deck and the cantilevered sidewalks were replaced. Round headed bolts replaced deteriorated rivets, a hollow steel rail barrier to protect the trusses was used in place of standard guide rail and historic style light fixtures were installed. Deteriorated elements were replaced and the original sidewalk railing was sandblasted, painted and re-installed.

A historic bridge survey conducted by NJDOT from 1991–1994 determined that the bridge was eligible for listing on the New Jersey Register of Historic Places and the National Register of Historic Places. In March 1997, the State Historic Preservation Office concurred (ID#4209). It was listed on the state register January 30, 2018^[9] and the federal register on March 22, 2018.^[10]

References

^ "Straight Street Bridge". Retrieved 26 October 2016.
^ "2004 Historic Preservation Awards". NJ DEP - State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
^ Malone, Jim; Brady, Barry; Staudinger, Ruth (1 January 1983). "An Archaeological Survey of the Arch Street Bridge Project M-8203 and the Straight Street Bridge Project M-8172 in Paterson, NJ". Retrieved 26 October 2016. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ "Historic Bridge Survey (1991-1994)" (PDF). NJDOT. 2001. Retrieved 14 November 2016. The 6-panel Pennsylvania thru truss bridge of riveted construction is supported on brownstone ashlar abutments from a previous superstructure. The span is 255' long and 30.7' wide, and it survives in virtually unaltered condition. It is composed of traditionally built-up box members for the top and bottom chords and inclined end posts while the diagonals, verticals and sub ties and sub struts of the center subdivided panels are either laced channels or angles. While displaying no unusual construction details, the span is a good representative example of its type. The cantilevered sidewalks are enclosed by lattice-pattern railings that extend beyond the superstructure and also enclose the approaches...The 1907 riveted Pennsylvania thru truss bridge is historically and technologically significant as a well-preserved example of an uncommon truss type (criterion C). The Pennsylvania truss, a Parker variation on the Pratt truss with sub ties (tension) and sub diagonals (compression), or subdivided panels, was devised by Albert Fink in the late 1860s for the Pennsylvania Railroad's bridge across the Ohio River at Louisville. The engineers at the Pennsylvania Railroad immediately saw the merit of Fink's design, and they worked to simplify his design by reducing the number of intermediate members in each subdivided panel. By 1875, Fink's design had been developed in the Pennsylvania, or Petit, truss type represented by the Straight Street bridge. The polygonal top chord allowed for strength in the trusses where they are most needed balanced with economy of material, and it became a standard detail for long-span metal truss bridges after about 1875. The addition of a subdivision to center panels of Pratt trusses grew out of a recognition of the stress reversal from live loads through the length of the trusses. The Straight Street bridge is one of the few Pennsylvania truss highway bridges in the state. The truss type is more commonly associated with railroads. The earlier span at this crossing was lost in the October, 1903 flood that carried away most of the bridges in the center of Paterson. A temporary wooden bridge was built at the crossing. The Pennsylvania thru truss replacement, not completed until 1907, was designed by then county engineer Colin R. Wise. Because of its location in what was then an industrial area of Paterson, the bridge was designed for heavy live load capacity. The bridge type is thus reflective of the historical development and use of the surrounding area. Unfortunately, much of the historic context of the span has been lost through modern urban renewal program redevelopment...The historic context of the bridge has been lost due to demolition of some of the historic factories and housing that surrounded it. The area does not have historic district potential. The bridge is evaluated as individually significant, and the boundaries are limited to the span itself, the superstructure and the substructure including the wingwalls.
^ "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places". NJ DEP - State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 4 November 2016.
^ "County Routes" (PDF). Passaic County.
^ "Passaic County Road System". Passaic County. 2001.
^ "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form" (PDF). state.nj.us. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
^ "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places". New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection - Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
^ "Weekly list of actions taken on properties: 3/14/2018 through 3/26/2018". National Register of Historic Places Program: Weekly List. National Park Service. March 23, 2018. Retrieved 2018-03-31.

[1] "Straight Street Bridge". Retrieved 26 October 2016.

[2] "2004 Historic Preservation Awards". NJ DEP - State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 26 October 2016.

[auto1-3] Malone, Jim; Brady, Barry; Staudinger, Ruth (1 January 1983). "An Archaeological Survey of the Arch Street Bridge Project M-8203 and the Straight Street Bridge Project M-8172 in Paterson, NJ". Retrieved 26 October 2016. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[NJDOThist-4] "Historic Bridge Survey (1991-1994)" (PDF). NJDOT. 2001. Retrieved 14 November 2016. The 6-panel Pennsylvania thru truss bridge of riveted construction is supported on brownstone ashlar abutments from a previous superstructure. The span is 255' long and 30.7' wide, and it survives in virtually unaltered condition. It is composed of traditionally built-up box members for the top and bottom chords and inclined end posts while the diagonals, verticals and sub ties and sub struts of the center subdivided panels are either laced channels or angles. While displaying no unusual construction details, the span is a good representative example of its type. The cantilevered sidewalks are enclosed by lattice-pattern railings that extend beyond the superstructure and also enclose the approaches...The 1907 riveted Pennsylvania thru truss bridge is historically and technologically significant as a well-preserved example of an uncommon truss type (criterion C). The Pennsylvania truss, a Parker variation on the Pratt truss with sub ties (tension) and sub diagonals (compression), or subdivided panels, was devised by Albert Fink in the late 1860s for the Pennsylvania Railroad's bridge across the Ohio River at Louisville. The engineers at the Pennsylvania Railroad immediately saw the merit of Fink's design, and they worked to simplify his design by reducing the number of intermediate members in each subdivided panel. By 1875, Fink's design had been developed in the Pennsylvania, or Petit, truss type represented by the Straight Street bridge. The polygonal top chord allowed for strength in the trusses where they are most needed balanced with economy of material, and it became a standard detail for long-span metal truss bridges after about 1875. The addition of a subdivision to center panels of Pratt trusses grew out of a recognition of the stress reversal from live loads through the length of the trusses. The Straight Street bridge is one of the few Pennsylvania truss highway bridges in the state. The truss type is more commonly associated with railroads. The earlier span at this crossing was lost in the October, 1903 flood that carried away most of the bridges in the center of Paterson. A temporary wooden bridge was built at the crossing. The Pennsylvania thru truss replacement, not completed until 1907, was designed by then county engineer Colin R. Wise. Because of its location in what was then an industrial area of Paterson, the bridge was designed for heavy live load capacity. The bridge type is thus reflective of the historical development and use of the surrounding area. Unfortunately, much of the historic context of the span has been lost through modern urban renewal program redevelopment...The historic context of the bridge has been lost due to demolition of some of the historic factories and housing that surrounded it. The area does not have historic district potential. The bridge is evaluated as individually significant, and the boundaries are limited to the span itself, the superstructure and the substructure including the wingwalls.

[5] "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places". NJ DEP - State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 4 November 2016.

[6] "County Routes" (PDF). Passaic County.

[7] "Passaic County Road System". Passaic County. 2001.

[8] "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form" (PDF). state.nj.us. Retrieved 9 August 2022.

[NJRHP-9] "New Jersey and National Registers of Historic Places". New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection - Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 2018-03-31.

[nrhp-weekly-10] "Weekly list of actions taken on properties: 3/14/2018 through 3/26/2018". National Register of Historic Places Program: Weekly List. National Park Service. March 23, 2018. Retrieved 2018-03-31.

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Original construction and description

Rehabilitation and historic status

See also

References