Irish Sport Horse
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| Conservation status | FAO (2007):not at risk[1]: 66 |
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| Country of origin | Ireland |
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| Colour | any |
| Breed standards | |
The Irish Sport Horse (ISH), or Irish Hunter, is an Irish horse breed used mostly for eventing and show-jumping. Historically the ISH was bred by crossing Irish Draught and Thoroughbred stock, and the breed was formalised in the 1920s.[4][3]
Breed characteristics
[edit]The Irish Sport Horse should have the proportions and functionality of a performance horse at international levels, move straight and balanced with good carriage, and jump well. It has good bone, a short back and strong loins, muscular hindquarters, a sloping shoulder, deep chest, and a long neck. The ISH has a good temperament which is willing, sensible, and steadfast. Horses may be of any color, and the standard describes stallions as being generally taller than 160 cm (15.3 h) and mares 150 to 161 cm (14.3 to 15.3 h).[5][6]
According to the registration rules of the Irish Draught Horse Society of Canada,
The Irish Draught Sport Horse is a versatile, powerful and athletic animal with substance and quality. It has a pleasant head, good bone and a short shin, good spring of rib, strong loins and hindquarters and an active powerful stride. Known for its good temperament, docility and willing nature, it has a robust constitution and is inherently sound.[7]
Overview
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The main two components of the Irish Sport Horse are the Irish Draught (RID)[a] and Thoroughbred breeds. Historically, Irish hunters were classified by weight typically based on the percentage of Thoroughbred blood—heavyweight hunters were either 100% Irish Draught or 1/4 Thoroughbred cross, mediumweight were half Thoroughbred, and lightweight were 3/4 Thoroughbred.
The Irish Sport Horse received a small (5%) infusion of warmblood blood in the 1990s from crosses with Hanoverian, Selle Français and Trakehner horses.[3] In recent years, European warmbloods have been used to cross with RID to make Irish Sport Horses because the warmbloods mature faster than Thoroughbreds.[8][4][9] According to Emily Donoho, "while [adding warmbloods] increases genetic diversity and gets more Irish horses in the showjumping ring, some competitors and breeders are concerned that the traditional TB-ID lines are being lost".[5] A report from a study of Irish Draught genetics recognized the importance of ID genes in producing high quality contemporary sport horses, however it pointed out the difficulties because of the small population size of the endangered Irish Draught, and the problems of dilution on second and third generations without additional infusion of ID blood.[10]
Horse Sport Ireland (HSI) maintains the Irish Sport Horse Studbook by authority of the Department of Agriculture, Food and the Marine.[11][12] HSI also maintains a category for Traditional Irish Horse (TIH) which is a designation for horses with only Irish Sport Horse, Irish Draught, Thoroughbred, and Connemara Pony in their pedigrees.[13]
The Australian society, established in 1989, requires an Irish Sport Horse to have at least 25% Irish Draught and no other breeds except Thoroughbred, they require an inspection to enter the studbook, and use the standards of the Irish studbook.[14][12] The North American society, established in 1993, requires 1/4 RID (verified through DNA) and an inspection. They do have an uninspected classification which allows as little as 1/8 RID.[15]
Uses
[edit]The Irish Sport Horse is a successful competition riding horse, used primarily in eventing where its qualities of speed, jumping strength, scope and courage are best used. It also does well in show-jumping and dressage. The Irish Sport Horse Studbook is highly placed in the annual rankings of eventing competitions by the World Breeding Federation for Sport Horses, placing first amongst the other breeds in every year from 1994 to 2018, except for two years.[b][8][5][16] According to Donoho, the ISH "dominates eventing" including at such top level competitions at Badminton, Burghley, the Olympics, and world championships.[5]
![Mr Medicott[c]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Frank_Ostholt_mit_Mr._Medicott%2C_CHIO_Aachen_2010.jpg/340px-Frank_Ostholt_mit_Mr._Medicott%2C_CHIO_Aachen_2010.jpg)
![James Kann Cruz[d]](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/James_Kann_Cruz_et_Shane_Sweetman_au_CSIO_de_La_Baule_2024_04.jpg/680px-James_Kann_Cruz_et_Shane_Sweetman_au_CSIO_de_La_Baule_2024_04.jpg)
Notes
[edit]- ^ "RID" is used universally as initials meaning "Registered Irish Draught".
- ^ The ISH placed second in 2010 and third in 2011.
- ^ Frank Ostholt on eventer Mr Medicott; they received a team gold medal, Beijing Olympics 2008
- ^ Shane Sweetnam won a silver medal, Paris Olympics 2024
See also
[edit]- List of Irish Sport Horse eventers
- List of Irish Sport Horse show jumpers
- List of horse breeds of the British Isles
References
[edit]- ^ Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 23 June 2020.
- ^ "The Irish Draught Sport Horse". Irish Draught Horse Society of North America.
- ^ a b c Porter, Valerie; Alderson, Lawrence; Hall, Stephen J.G.; Sponenberg, D. Phillip (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (Sixth ed.). CABI. p. 476. ISBN 9781780647944.
- ^ a b Salem, Patricia (16 September 2020). "Discover the Irish Sport Horse". FEI.
- ^ a b c d Donoho, Emily (31 December 2018). "The Irish Sport Horse — all the facts about this popular breed". Horse & Hound.
- ^ "Breeding Programme for the Irish Sport Horse Studbook" (PDF). Horse Sport Ireland. 12 July 2024.
- ^ "Irish Draught Sport Horse Registration Rules" (PDF). Irish Draught Horse Society of Canada.
- ^ a b "Irish Sport Horse Studbook". Horse Sport Ireland. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
- ^ "The Top 6 Breeds of Sport Horses in the World". The Irish Draught.
- ^ McGahern, Angela; Brophy, Patrick; MacHugh, David; Hill, Emmeline (2006). "Report to The Irish Draught Horse Society, Ireland - Genetic diversity of the Irish Draught Horse population and preservation of pedigree lines" (PDF) – via Irish Draught Horse Society of North America.
- ^ "Breeding". Horse Sport Ireland.
- ^ a b "About". The Irish Draught and Sport Horse Society Australia.
- ^ "Traditional Irish Horse Category ISH (TIH)". Horse Sport Ireland. Retrieved 28 November 2024.
- ^ "Eligibility and Process for ISH and Purebred Studbook Registration - A Quick Reference Guide". The Irish Draught and Sport Horse Society Australia.
- ^ "IDHSNA Registration Classifications". Irish Draught Horse Society of North America.
- ^
- World Breeding Federation for Sport Horses studbook rankings:
- "WBFSH Rankings 2012". Archived from the original on 13 May 2013.
- "WBFSH Rankings 2013" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 November 2013. Retrieved 24 December 2013.
- "WBFSH Rankings 2014" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 June 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
- "WBFSH Rankings 2015" (PDF).[permanent dead link]
- "WBFSH Rankings 2016" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 May 2018. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
External links
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