Europium(III) nitride
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| Other names
Europium mononitride, azanylidyneuropium, nitridoeuropium
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.031.496 |
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PubChem CID
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CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| EuN | |
| Molar mass | 165.971 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | black crystals |
| Density | 6.57 g/cm3 |
| reacts with water | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Europium(III) nitride is a binary inorganic compound of europium and nitrogen with the chemical formula EuN.[1]
Synthesis
[edit]Europium(III) nitride can be produced via the reaction of elemental europium in an ammonia stream in corundum boats in silica glass tubes. The reaction takes place at 700 °C.[2]
- 2Eu + 2NH3 → 2EuN + 3H2
In this reaction, europium is oxidized and the hydrogen in ammonia is reduced.
Physical properties
[edit]Europium(III) nitride shows Van Vleck paramagnetism[3] and crystallizes in the rock salt structure with a = 501.779(6) pm.[4][5][6] Thin films of rare earth nitrides, including europium(III) nitride, tend to form oxides in the presence of oxygen.[7] The enthalpy of formation of EuN is: ΔH0 = 217.6±25.1 kJ/mol.[8] The band gap for europium(III) nitride was calculated to be 2.08 eV.[9]
Europium(III) nitride forms black crystals and reacts with water.
Uses
[edit]EuN is a semiconductor.[10]
References
[edit]- ^ "Europium Nitride". American Elements. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ^ Klemm, W.; Winkelmann, G. (November 1956). "Zur Kenntnis der Nitride der Seltenen Erdmetalle". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 288 (1–2): 87–90. doi:10.1002/zaac.19562880112. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ^ Busch, G.; Junod, P.; Levy, F.; Menth, A.; Vogt, O. (February 1965). "Influence of crystal fields on the magnetic properties of the rare-earth nitrides". Physics Letters. 14 (4): 264–266. Bibcode:1965PhL....14..264B. doi:10.1016/0031-9163(65)90190-3. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ^ Larson, P.; Lambrecht, Walter R. L.; Chantis, Athanasios; van Schilfgaarde, Mark (16 January 2007). "Electronic structure of rare-earth nitrides using the LSDA + U approach: Importance of allowing 4 f orbitals to break the cubic crystal symmetry". Physical Review B. 75 (4): 045114. Bibcode:2007PhRvB..75d5114L. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.75.045114. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ^ Standard X-ray Diffraction Powder Patterns. U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards. 1953. p. 56. Retrieved 31 January 2024.
- ^ Suehiro, T.; Hirosaki, N.; Wada, T.; Yajima, Y.; Mitomo, M. (Mar 2005). "Europium nitride synthesized by direct nitridation with ammonia". Powder Diffraction. 20 (1): 40–42. Bibcode:2005PDiff..20...40S. doi:10.1154/1.1835963. ISSN 1945-7413. S2CID 98808817.
- ^ Ruck, B. J.; Natali, F.; Plank, N. O. V.; Do Le, Binh; Azeem, M.; Alfheid, Maha; Meyer, C.; Trodahl, H. J. (2012-08-01). "The influence of nitrogen vacancies on the magnetic behaviour of rare-earth nitrides". Physica B: Condensed Matter. 26th International Conference on Defects in Semiconductors. 407 (15): 2954–2956. Bibcode:2012PhyB..407.2954R. doi:10.1016/j.physb.2011.08.004. ISSN 0921-4526.
- ^ Kordis, J.; Gingerich, K. A.; Kaldis, E. (1973-11-01). "Heat of Vaporization of EuN and Its Standard Heat of Formation". Journal of the American Ceramic Society. 56 (11): 581–583. doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.1973.tb12420.x.
- ^ Sclar, N. (1962-10-01). "Energy Gaps of the III–V and the (Rare Earth)-V Semiconductors". Journal of Applied Physics. 33 (10): 2999–3002. Bibcode:1962JAP....33.2999S. doi:10.1063/1.1728552. ISSN 0021-8979.
- ^ "Europium nitride: a novel diluted magnetic semiconductor". ESRF. Retrieved 31 January 2024.