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Canada–Italy relations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Canada-Italy relations
Map indicating locations of Canada and Italy

Canada
Italy

Canada and Italy. Both nations enjoy friendly relations and are close allies and partners through their membership in the G7, G20, NATO and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. Relations also centre on the history of Italian migration to Canada; approximately 1.5 million Canadians claim to have Italian ancestry (approximately 4.6% of the population).[1]

History

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Canadian soldiers marching in Modica, Sicily during World War II.

The first Italian to arrive to Canada was explorer Giovanni Caboto, a navigator from Venice, who explored and claimed the coasts of Newfoundland for England in 1497.[2] In 1524, Giovanni da Verrazzano explored part of Atlantic Canada for France.[2] In the early 1800s, Italians began migrating to Canada with the majority arriving in the late 1890s and early 1900s. Many Italians participated and took part in building Canadian cities, working on the railroad, building ports, shipping and mining; all of which led to the modern creation of Canada.[2]

For most of World War I (1914–1918), Canada (under the British Empire) and Italy were allies during the war. During World War II (1939–1945), Canada and Italy were on opposing sides. On 10 June 1940, Canada declared war on Italy after Italian Prime Minister Benito Mussolini declared war on France and the United Kingdom.[3] Canada partook in the Italian Campaign and the 1st Canadian Division and 1st Canadian Armoured Brigade participated in the invasion of Sicily, Moro River Campaign and in the Battle of Monte Cassino.[4] Between 1940 and 1943, approximately 600 Italian-Canadian men were arrested and sent to internment camps as potentially dangerous enemy aliens.[5] After the war had ended, Canada and Italy established diplomatic relations in 1947.[6]

Canada and Italy have signed several bilateral agreements such as an Agreement on the Avoidance of Double Taxation with Respect to Taxes on Income and for the Prevention of Fiscal Evasion (1977)[7] and an Agreement of Social Security (1977).[8] In 1981, both nations signed an Extradition Treaty[9] and in 1984, both nations signed a Cultural Cooperation Agreement.[10] There are direct flights between both nations with the following airlines: Air Canada, Air Transat, ITA Airways and Westjet.

There have been numerous visits between Canadian and Italian Prime Ministers, most mainly taking place in summits held by the G7, G8, G20 and NATO.

High-level visits

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Italian PM Paolo Gentiloni with Canadian PM Justin Trudeau at the 43rd G7 in Taormina, Italy (2017)
Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau at the 2021 G20 Rome summit.

Visits from Canada to Italy

Visits from Italy to Canada

Trade

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In 2016, trade between Canada and Italy totaled C$9.88 billion.[11] Canada's main exports to Italy include: Pharmaceutical products, cereals and mineral fuels. Italy's main exports to Canada include: Nuclear Reactors and machinery, beverages and vehicles (parts and motors).[11] Italy is Canada's 8th largest global merchandise trading partner, and 3rd most important trading partner in the European Union. At the end of 2016, Italy ranked as the 28th largest investor country of FDI stock in Canada. In terms of European countries, Italy ranked 15th.[11] In October 2016, Canada and the European Union (which includes Italy) signed the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement, a free-trade agreement between Canada and the European Union.

Resident diplomatic missions

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  • Embassy of Canada in Rome
    Embassy of Canada in Rome
  • Trade Commission Office of the Embassy of Canada in Rome
    Trade Commission Office of the Embassy of Canada in Rome
  • Consulate-General of Italy in Montreal
    Consulate-General of Italy in Montreal
  • Consulate-General of Italy in Toronto
    Consulate-General of Italy in Toronto

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Political cooperation: Canada-Italy". Archived from the original on 2019-04-19. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
  2. ^ a b c Italian Canadians
  3. ^ CBC Radio Special: Canada Declares War on Italy
  4. ^ The Italian Campaign
  5. ^ Tracing the forgotten history of Italian-Canadian internment camps
  6. ^ Visite d'État du président de l'Italie (in French)
  7. ^ "Convention Between Canada and Italy". Archived from the original on 2019-07-23. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
  8. ^ Agreement of Social Security Between Canada and Italy
  9. ^ Canada signs new extradition treaty with Italy
  10. ^ Agreement on Cultural Co-operation Between the Government of Canada and the Government of Italy
  11. ^ a b c Canadian Trade Commissioner:Economic Profile - Italy
  12. ^ Embassy of Canada in Italy
  13. ^ Embassy of Canada in Italy
  14. ^ "Embassy of Italy in Canada". Archived from the original on 2022-11-08. Retrieved 2017-08-07.

Further reading

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  • Delvoie, Louis. "Canada and Italy: A steady state relationship" International Journal (55#3 (2000): 463–74.
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