White roll
White roll is the white line that borders the top of the upper lip.[1][2] It is an adnexal mass of specialized glands and fat. White roll occurs naturally for nearly everyone, although it can be not white and less visible for dark skinned individuals. Well defined white roll indicates youthfulness and is considered aesthetically pleasing.[3]
With age, white roll often becomes less defined.[4] This is due to sun damage, changes in facial fat, and decreasing collagen in the area right above the lip.[5] White roll can also be accentuated using injectable fillers.[6][7][8]
Sometimes white roll is absent or damaged, due to trauma or cleft lip, in which case it could be reconstructed with plastic surgery.[9][10] However, it is difficult to achieve satisfactory results using surgery, because malalignment of even a millimeter is noticeable and unattractive. It is therefore sometimes tattooed instead.[11]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Mulliken, John B.; Pensler, Jay M.; Kozakewich, Harry P.W. (September 1993). "The Anatomy of Cupidʼs Bow in Normal and Cleft Lip". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 92 (3): 395–403. doi:10.1097/00006534-199309000-00001. PMID 8341737. S2CID 44800426.
- ^ Kirschner, Richard E.; LaRossa, Don (December 2000). "Cleft Lip and Palate". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 33 (6): 1191–1215. doi:10.1016/s0030-6665(05)70277-2. PMID 11449783.
- ^ Sanniec, Kyle; Carboy, Jourdan; Thornton, James (May 2018). "Simplifying Lip Reconstruction: An Algorithmic Approach". Seminars in Plastic Surgery. 32 (2): 069–074. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1645882. PMC 5951711. PMID 29765270.
- ^ Rosenstein, Jenna (24 February 2020). "Do You Have an Anti-Aging Routine for Your Lips?". Yahoo!. Harper's Bazaar.
- ^ Strugatz, Rachel (22 November 2016). "Kylie Jenner Spurs Lip Plumper Craze in Beauty Market". WWD.
- ^ Blandford, Alexander D.; Hwang, Catherine J.; Young, Jason; Barnes, Alexander C.; Plesec, Thomas P.; Perry, Julian D. (May 2018). "Microanatomical Location of Hyaluronic Acid Gel Following Injection of the Upper Lip Vermillion Border: Comparison of Needle and Microcannula Injection Technique". Ophthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery. 34 (3): 296–299. doi:10.1097/IOP.0000000000000960. PMC 5773414. PMID 28723735.
- ^ Jacono, Andrew A. (1 January 2008). "A New Classification of Lip Zones to Customize Injectable Lip Augmentation". Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. 10 (1): 25–29. doi:10.1001/archfaci.10.1.25. PMID 18209119.
- ^ Sundaram, Hema. "A 25-Year-Old Woman Seeking Subtle Lip Enhancement". Medscape.
- ^ Chandran, Geethan; Lalonde, Donald H (December 2013). "Obtaining a good lip roll in congenital, secondary and traumatic cleft lip repairs". Canadian Journal of Plastic Surgery. 21 (4): 248. doi:10.1177/229255031302100409. PMC 3910528. PMID 24497768.
- ^ Murthy, Jyotsna (May 2018). "The refinement of the median tubercle of cleft lip". Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery. 51 (2): 131–136. doi:10.4103/ijps.IJPS_214_17. PMC 6219361. PMID 30505082.
- ^ Stal, Samuel; Hollier, Larry (April 2002). "Correction of Secondary Cleft Lip Deformities". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 109 (5): 1672–1681. doi:10.1097/00006534-200204150-00031. PMID 11932617.