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Municipality of Redfern

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Municipality of Redfern
New South Wales
Redfern Town Hall, c. 1871, Mayor George Renwick is pictured at right on the balcony.
Population18,637 (1947 census)[1]
 • Density11,000/km2 (28,400/sq mi)
Established11 August 1859
Abolished31 December 1948
Area1.7 km2 (0.7 sq mi)
Council seatRedfern Town Hall
ParishAlexandria
LGAs around Municipality of Redfern:
Darlington Sydney Sydney
Newtown Municipality of Redfern Sydney
Erskineville Alexandria Waterloo

The Municipality of Redfern was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The small municipality was proclaimed in 1859 as one of the first municipalities proclaimed under the new provisions of the Municipalities Act, 1858, and was centred on the suburbs of Redfern, Eveleigh, Darlington and Surry Hills. The council was amalgamated, along with most of its neighbours, with the City of Sydney to the north with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948. From 1968 to 1982 and from 1989 to 2004, the area was part of the South Sydney councils.

Council history

[edit]

When Redfern Municipality was proclaimed in August 1859, the area initially included the areas of Waterloo and Alexandria. However the Municipality of Waterloo was proclaimed in May 1860 and the Municipality of Alexandria separated from Waterloo in August 1868.[2][3] Upon incorporation in 1859, the municipality was divided into three wards: Redfern, Waterloo and Surry Hills, each electing three Aldermen. With the secession of Waterloo a few months later the wards were rearranged to be Redfern, Belmore and Surry Hills and in 1880 Golden Grove Ward was added to that number.[4] Under the enactment of The Municipalities Act of 1867, the title of 'Chairman' for the council was changed to be 'Mayor'. With this Act, the council also became known as the Borough of Redfern (From 28 December 1906, with the passing of the Local Government Act, 1906, the council was again renamed as the "Municipality of Redfern"). The Mayor had a set of official robes to wear as part of the office, but they were often boycotted by Labor mayors who affirmed they were against their 'democratic principles'.[5]

Redfern was notable for being the first suburb in Sydney to have electricity and electric street lighting, which occurred when the Council voted unanimously in 1891 to build its own power station, in Turner Street, to power the suburb. From the late 1910s and 1920s the Redfern area became increasingly populated by the unemployed and working class, employed by industry and the nearby Eveleigh Railway Workshops, resulting in the increasing domination of the Labor Party and left-wing groups in the area.[6] In 1947 the Communist Party of Australia succeeded in getting their first alderman, Patrick Levelle, elected to the council.[7][8] As a consequence the council, traditionally held by the merchant and middle classes, frequently found itself divided on simple matters, including the election of the mayor, which required the Minister for Local Government and the Governor to instead appoint the mayor several times.[9][10][11][12][13] This was a situation occurring within many of the inner-city councils as demographics of the area changed dramatically, but Redfern was considered the worst example of a council paralysed by party politics.[14]

With the Redfern area's close involvement with the labor movement and the Labor Party, the wartime conscription debate affected Redfern Council most particularly. In October 1916 Redfern Council passed a motion "without a dissentient that conscription was not in the best interests in Australia", in direct opposition to the views of ALP Prime Minister Billy Hughes and the Member for Redfern James McGowen. McGowen lost his preselection in Redfern and in response the Redfern ALP Branch president, Alderman John Leitch (Mayor, 1908–1910, 1914–1915) resigned to join the pro-conscriptionists with his friend McGowen.[15]

By the end of World War II, the Government of New South Wales realised that its ideas of infrastructure expansion could not be effected by the present system of the patchwork of small municipal councils across Sydney and the Minister for Local Government, Joseph Cahill, following the recommendations of the 1945–46 Clancy Royal Commission on Local Government Boundaries, passed a bill in 1948 that abolished a significant number of those councils.[16] Under the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, Redfern Municipal Council became the Redfern Ward of the City of Sydney, returning two aldermen.[17]

Mayors

[edit]
Francis Augustus Wright
Mayor 1882–1884
Thomas Clarke (1846–1922), Mayor (1890–1891, 1898–1900) and Member of Parliament for Darlington (1898–1901).
John Beveridge (1848–1916), Alderman for Belmore Ward (1886–1891) and Mayor (1891).
Patrick Mooney (1880–1942), Mayor (1925) and Senator for New South Wales (1931–1932).
# Office Mayor Party Term start Term end Time in office Notes
1 Chairman Thomas Hayes 14 September 1859 1 June 1861 1 year, 260 days [18][19]
2 Michael Williamson 1 June 1861 5 February 1862 249 days [20][21]
3 George Renwick 5 February 1862 5 February 1864 2 years, 0 days [22][23]
4 Thomas Jones 5 February 1864 10 February 1865 1 year, 5 days [24]
5 Thomas Wild 10 February 1865 9 February 1866 364 days [25]
6 William Williamson 9 February 1866 7 February 1867 363 days [26]
(3) George Renwick 7 February 1867 13 February 1868 1 year, 6 days [27]
Mayor 13 February 1868 16 February 1872 4 years, 3 days [28]
7 Henry Hudson 16 February 1872 11 February 1874 1 year, 360 days [29][30]
– William Williamson 11 February 1874 8 February 1876 1 year, 362 days [31][32]
8 Patrick Stanley 8 February 1876 11 February 1880 4 years, 3 days [33][34]
– Henry Hudson 11 February 1880 9 February 1881 364 days [29][35]
– Patrick Stanley 9 February 1881 10 February 1882 1 year, 1 day [36][37]
9 Francis Augustus Wright 10 February 1882 16 February 1885 3 years, 6 days [38][39]
10 George Lander 16 February 1885 3 February 1887 1 year, 352 days [40][41]
11 Edwin Berry 3 February 1887 10 February 1888 1 year, 7 days [42][43]
12 Thomas Williamson 10 February 1888 14 February 1889 1 year, 4 days [44][45]
13 John Crowe 14 February 1889 13 February 1890 364 days [46]
14 Thomas Clarke 13 February 1890 12 February 1891 364 days [47]
15 John Beveridge 12 February 1891 29 May 1891 106 days [48][49]
16 George William Howe 2 June 1891 17 February 1893 1 year, 260 days [50][51]
17 Cornelius Gorton 17 February 1893 15 February 1894 363 days [52][53]
18 William Davis 15 February 1894 15 February 1895 1 year, 0 days [54][55]
19 William Poole 15 February 1895 13 February 1896 363 days [56]
20 George Richard Parkes 13 February 1896 11 February 1897 364 days [57][58]
21 Joseph Medcalf 11 February 1897 8 February 1898 362 days [59][60]
– Edwin Berry 8 February 1898 13 October 1898 247 days [61][62]
– Thomas Clarke 13 October 1898 7 February 1900 1 year, 117 days [63][64]
22 Henry Vernon 7 February 1900 14 February 1901 1 year, 7 days [65]
23 James Jackson 14 February 1901 12 February 1902 363 days [66]
24 Thomas Fanning 12 February 1902 12 February 1903 1 year, 0 days [67]
– George Richard Parkes 12 February 1903 13 February 1904 1 year, 0 days [68]
– Joseph Medcalf 13 February 1904 17 February 1905 1 year, 5 days [69][70]
– Cornelius Gorton 17 February 1905 16 February 1906 364 days [71][72]
25 James Owen Batchelor 16 February 1906 15 February 1907 364 days [73]
26 George Todd 15 February 1907 7 February 1908 357 days [74]
27 John Leitch   Labor 7 February 1908 2 February 1911 2 years, 360 days [9][75][76]
28 Tom Holden 2 February 1911 11 February 1914 3 years, 9 days [77][78]
– John Leitch 11 February 1914 4 February 1915 358 days [79][80]
– Tom Holden 4 February 1915 12 July 1917 2 years, 158 days [77][81]
29 Albert Clarke Isaacs 12 July 1917 5 February 1920 2 years, 208 days [82][83][84]
30 Patrick Roberts   Labor 5 February 1920 6 December 1922 2 years, 304 days [85][86][87]
31 John Joseph Castle 6 December 1922 20 December 1923 1 year, 14 days [88]
32 George Boyd 20 December 1923 16 December 1924 362 days [89][90]
33 Patrick Mooney 16 December 1924 23 December 1926 2 years, 7 days [91][92][93]
– Tom Holden 23 December 1926 23 December 1927 1 year, 0 days [77][94]
34 Francis James Gilmore 23 December 1927 12 December 1928 355 days [95][96][97]
35 John Hanafin 12 December 1928 19 December 1929 1 year, 7 days [98]
36 George Waite   Labor 19 December 1929 18 December 1930 364 days [99]
37 Kenneth John Alexander MacRae 18 December 1930 7 January 1932 1 year, 20 days [100]
38 George Wheatley 7 January 1932 15 December 1932 343 days [101]
– John Joseph Castle 15 December 1932 31 December 1934 2 years, 16 days [102]
39 Harry Gardiner 31 December 1934 10 January 1936 1 year, 10 days [11][103]
40 Joseph Malachi Gilmore 10 January 1936 8 January 1937 364 days [104]
41 Alexis Howarth 8 January 1937 23 December 1937 349 days [12][105][106]
– Francis James Gilmore 23 December 1937 21 December 1939 1 year, 363 days [107]
42 James Francis Edward Gilmore 21 December 1939 11 December 1941 1 year, 355 days [108][109][110]
43 John Stephen O’Brien 11 December 1941 23 December 1943 2 years, 12 days [111][112]
44 Thomas Ormond Powell 23 December 1943 13 December 1944 356 days [113]
45 Edward Robert Elvy 13 December 1944 10 January 1946 1 year, 28 days [114][115]
46 Joseph Warburton 10 January 1946 18 December 1946 342 days [13][116]
– Alexis Howarth 18 December 1946 31 December 1948 2 years, 13 days [117][118][119]

Town Clerks

[edit]
R. W. Grierson, Town Clerk of Redfern for 49 years (1885–1934).
# Town Clerk Term start Term end Time in office Notes
1 George Philben 14 September 1859 31 December 1861 2 years, 108 days [120]
2 Edward Richard Jones 1 January 1862 1 February 1863 1 year, 31 days [121]
3 Thomas Fraser 1 February 1863 1 February 1869 6 years, 0 days [122][123]
4 William Steele Wardrop 1 February 1869 21 January 1881 11 years, 355 days [124][125][126]
5 William Neale Parker 21 January 1881 11 June 1885 4 years, 141 days [127]
6 Robert William Grierson 11 June 1885 30 November 1934 49 years, 172 days [128][129][130][131]
7 Frank W. Wright 30 November 1934 31 December 1948 14 years, 31 days [132]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Spearritt, Peter (2000). Sydney's Century: A History. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press. pp. 272–273.
  2. ^ "Municipality of Redfern". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 155. New South Wales, Australia. 13 August 1859. p. 1765. Retrieved 26 March 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
  3. ^ "Jubilee of Waterloo". The Evening News. Sydney: National Library of Australia. 10 June 1910. p. 9. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
  4. ^ Redfern Municipal Council (1909). Souvenir to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the incorporation of the Municipality of Redfern, 1859-1909. Sydney: McCarron, Stewart & Co.: Redfern Municipal Council.
  5. ^ "Donning the Mayor Robes". The Richmond River Herald and Northern Districts Advertiser (NSW : 1886 - 1942). NSW: National Library of Australia. 2 April 1926. p. 2. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
  6. ^ Attarjarusit, T.; Burdon, D.; Burgess, A.; Boyle, R. "Pre and Post Colonial Redfern: A Social History". University of Sydney.
  7. ^ Mulheron, Maurie (2010). "Review – Radical Sydney: places, portraits and unruly episodes". Illawarra Unity – Journal of the Illawarra Branch of the Australian Society for the Study of Labour History. 10 (1): 66–68.
  8. ^ "Communist Wins Council Seat". Tribune. No. 335. New South Wales, Australia. 22 July 1947. p. 1. Retrieved 21 October 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
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  11. ^ a b "Lord Mayor". The Sydney Morning Herald. National Library of Australia. 1 January 1935. p. 7. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
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  14. ^ "Party politics". Goulburn Evening Penny Post. NSW: National Library of Australia. 31 December 1936. p. 5 Edition: DAILY. Retrieved 27 March 2015.
  15. ^ Cunneen, Christopher (2000). William John McKell: Boilermaker, Premier, Governor-General. Sydney, New South Wales: UNSW Press. p. 47. ISBN 0868405876.
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