Ichneumoninae
| Ichneumoninae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Spilichneumon | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Ichneumonidae |
| Subfamily: | Ichneumoninae Latreille, 1802 |
| Tribes | |
| |
Ichneumoninae is a worldwide subfamily of the parasitic wasp family Ichneumonidae.
Ichneumoninae are koinobiont or idiobiont endoparasitoids of Lepidoptera. It is the second largest subfamily of Ichneumonidae, with 373 genera. Ichneumonines are often large, conspicuous colourful insects. They have a 5-sided areolet, a dorso-ventrally flattened abdomen, a short or absent sternaulus and the clypeus is truncate, exposing the labium.
There are more than 420 genera and 4375 described species in Ichneumoninae.[1][2][3]
Ichneumoninae was formerly made up of 15 tribes, but research published in 2021 determined that the tribes Ceratojoppini, Clypeodromini, Compsophorini, Ctenocalini, Goedartiini, Heresiarchini, Ischnojoppini, Joppocryptini, Listrodromini, and Oedicephalini should be incorporated into Ichneumonini as junior synonyms. After these tribes were merged and two new tribes were added, Ichneumoninae consisted of 7 tribes, with Ichneumonini the largest by far with well over 300 genera.[2]
Some of the more common Ichneumoninae genera observed in iNaturalist are Amblyteles, Coelichneumon, Cratichneumon, Ichneumon, Limonethe, Trogus, and Vulgichneumon, all in the tribe Ichneumonini.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Ichneumoninae subfamily Information". BugGuide.net. Retrieved 2022-10-22.
- ^ a b Santos, Bernardo F.; Wahl, David B.; Rousse, Pascal; Bennett, Andrew M. R.; et al. (2021). "Phylogenomics of Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) reveals pervasive morphological convergence and the shortcomings of previous classifications". Systematic Entomology. 46 (3). Royal Entomological Society. doi:10.1111/syen.12484.
- ^ Carlson, Robert W. (2009). "Superfamily Ichneumonoidea, Discover Life". Retrieved 2019-07-02.
Further reading
[edit]- Rasnitsyn, A.P. & U.V. Siitan. 1981. Ichneumoninae. In: D.R. Kasparyan (ed.), A guide to the identification of insects of the European part of the USSR. Vol. 3. Hymenoptera . Moscow: Nauka Press.(in Russian)
External links
[edit]Media related to Ichneumoninae at Wikimedia Commons
- Biolib
- Diagnostic characters
- Waspweb
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