Bowenia

Bowenia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Gymnospermae
Division:	Cycadophyta
Class:	Cycadopsida
Order:	Cycadales
Family:	Stangeriaceae
Subfamily:	Bowenioideae; Pilger
Genus:	Bowenia; Hook. ex Hook.f.
Type species
	Bowenia spectabilis; Hook.f.
Species
	†B. eocenica Hill; †B. papillosa Hill; B. serrulata (Bull) Chamberlain; B. spectabilis Hooker;

The genus Bowenia includes two living and two fossil species of cycads in the family Stangeriaceae, sometimes placed in their own family Boweniaceae.^[2] They are entirely restricted to Australia.

Description

The chromosome count is 2n = 18.^[3]

Species

Image	Scientific name	Distribution
	Bowenia serrulata Chamb.	Queensland
	Bowenia spectabilis Hook	Queensland

Distribution

The two living species occur in Queensland. B. spectabilis grows in warm, wet, tropical rainforests, on protected slopes and near streams, primarily in the lowlands of the Wet Tropics Bioregion. However, it has a local form with serrate pinna margins that grows in rainforest, Acacia-dominated transition forest, and also Casuarina-dominated sclerophyll forest on the Atherton Tableland, where it is subject to periodic bushfire. B. serrulata grows in sclerophyll forest and transition forest close to the Tropic of Capricorn.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Fossils

The fossil species Bowenia eocenica is known from deposits in a coal mine in Victoria, Australia, and B. papillosa is known from deposits in New South Wales. Both fossils are of Eocene age, and consist of leaflet fragments.^[7]

Bowenia spectabilis in the Daintree Rainforest in northeast Queensland, Australia

Bowenia Lake Tinaroo form in sclerophyll woodland near Lake Tinaroo, Atherton Tableland, far north Queensland

Serrulate margin of the pinnae on a wild plant of Bowenia Lake Tinaroo form, at Lake Tinaroo, Atherton Tableland, Queensland, Australia

Bowenia serrulata growing in transition forest near Byfield, in the Capricornia region of Queensland, Australia

References

^ ^a ^b Hill, Ken; Leonie Stanberg; Dennis Stevenson. "The Cycad Pages". Genus Bowenia. Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Archived from the original on 2020-10-24. Retrieved 6 September 2013.
^ Stevenson, D.W. (1981). "Observations on ptyxis, phenology, and trichomes in the Cycadales and their systematic implications". American Journal of Botany. 68 (8): 1104–14. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1981.tb06394.x.
^ "Bowenia Hook. ex Hook. f." Tropicos. 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-01-04.
^ Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Hill, K.D.; Stevenson, D.W. (1999). "A world list of Cycads". Excelsa (Journal of the Aloe, Cactus and Succulent Society of Zimbabwe). 19: 67–72. ISSN 0301-441X. OCLC 612375682.
^ Christenhusz, M.J.M.; Reveal, J.L.; Farjon, A.K.; Gardner, M.F.; Mill, R.R.; Chase, M.W. (2011). "A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms". Phytotaxa. 19: 55–70. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3.
^ Hill, R.S. (1978). "Two new species of Bowenia Hook, ex Hook, f. from the Eocene of eastern Australia". Australian Journal of Botany. 26 (6): 837–846. doi:10.1071/BT9780837.

External links

Media related to Bowenia at Wikimedia Commons
Hill, Ken. "Bowenia". The Cycad Pages. Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Archived from the original on 2021-03-01.
"Bowenia". Cycad Jungle. Archived from the original on 2014-07-14.
Gymnosperm Database, Bowenia
"Cycad, Zamia Fern Bowenia spectabilis". PlantFiles. Dave's Garden.
"Bowenia serrulata". CITES Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna.
"Bowenia Hook.f". Atlas of Living Australia.

[CycadPages-1] Hill, Ken; Leonie Stanberg; Dennis Stevenson. "The Cycad Pages". Genus Bowenia. Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney. Archived from the original on 2020-10-24. Retrieved 6 September 2013.

[2] Stevenson, D.W. (1981). "Observations on ptyxis, phenology, and trichomes in the Cycadales and their systematic implications". American Journal of Botany. 68 (8): 1104–14. doi:10.1002/j.1537-2197.1981.tb06394.x.

[Tropicos_2024_w407-3] "Bowenia Hook. ex Hook. f." Tropicos. 2024-01-03. Retrieved 2024-01-04.

[4] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[5] Hill, K.D.; Stevenson, D.W. (1999). "A world list of Cycads". Excelsa (Journal of the Aloe, Cactus and Succulent Society of Zimbabwe). 19: 67–72. ISSN 0301-441X. OCLC 612375682.

[6] Christenhusz, M.J.M.; Reveal, J.L.; Farjon, A.K.; Gardner, M.F.; Mill, R.R.; Chase, M.W. (2011). "A new classification and linear sequence of extant gymnosperms". Phytotaxa. 19: 55–70. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.3.

[7] Hill, R.S. (1978). "Two new species of Bowenia Hook, ex Hook, f. from the Eocene of eastern Australia". Australian Journal of Botany. 26 (6): 837–846. doi:10.1071/BT9780837.

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