Church of the Pater Noster

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You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (May 2021) Click [show] for important translation instructions. Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Église du Pater Noster de Jérusalem]]; see its history for attribution. You may also add the template {{Translated|fr|Église du Pater Noster de Jérusalem}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Church of the Pater Noster
The church in 2009
31°46′41″N 35°14′42″E / 31.7780°N 35.2449°E / 31.7780; 35.2449
Location	Christian Quarter, Old City of Jerusalem,
Denomination	Catholic
Religious institute	Carmelites
History
Status	Active
Founder(s)	Constantine the Great (Eleona basilica) Aurélie de La Tour d'Auvergne (modern Pater Noster Church)
Architecture
Architect(s)	Eugene Viollet-le-Duc, André Lecomte (du Nouÿ?) - Pater Noster cloister Marcel Favier - new church over Eleona ruins
Style	Romanesque Revival
Groundbreaking	early 4th century (Eleona) 1860s (Pater Noster Church)
Completed	1872 - the Carmelite convent[1]
Specifications
Materials	Stone

The Church of the Pater Noster (French: Église du Pater Noster) is a Roman Catholic church located on the Mount of Olives in Jerusalem. It is part of a Carmelite monastery, also known as the Sanctuary of the Eleona. The Church of the Pater Noster stands right next to the ruins of the 4th-century Byzantine Church of Eleona. The ruins of the Eleona were rediscovered in the 20th century and its walls were partially rebuilt. Today, France administers the land on which both churches and the entire monastery are standing, following the Ottoman capitulations, as the Eleona Domain (French: Domaine de l'Eleona), part of the French national domain in the Holy Land [fr], which has been formalised by the Fischer-Chauvel Agreement of 1948-49,^{[citation needed]} though the agreement has not been ratified by Israel’s Knesset.

The 2nd-century Acts of John mentions the existence of a cave on the Mount of Olives associated with the teachings of Jesus, but not specifically the Lord's Prayer.

The modern Church of the Pater Noster is built right next to the site of a fourth-century basilica commissioned by Constantine I to commemorate the Ascension of Jesus. The latter was built under the direction of Constantine's mother Helena in the early 4th century, who named it the Church of the Disciples. The pilgrim Egeria is the oldest surviving source referring to it as the Church of the Eleona (Greek for olive grove) in the late 4th century. The church is mentioned by the Bordeaux pilgrim in the Itinerarium Burdigalense circa 333, and the historian Eusebius of Caesarea recounts that Constantine constructed a church over a cave on the Mount of Olives that had been linked with the Ascension.^[2]

The church survived intact until it was destroyed by Persians in 614.

The memory of Jesus' teaching remained associated with this site, and during the Crusades it became exclusively associated with the teaching of the Lord's Prayer. The Crusaders built a small oratory amid the ruins in 1106, and a full church was constructed in 1152, thanks to funds donated^{[citation needed]} by the Danish Bishop Svend of Viborg, who is buried inside the church.^[3] The Crusader-era church was heavily damaged during Sultan Saladin's siege of Jerusalem in 1187, eventually being abandoned and falling into ruin by 1345.

In 1851, the remaining stones of the 4th-century church were sold for tombstones in the Valley of Jehoshaphat.

The site was acquired by Princess Aurelia Bossi de la Tour d'Auvergne (1809–1889) in the second half of the 19th century, and a search for the cave mentioned by early pilgrims began. In 1868, she built a cloister and founded a Carmelite convent in 1872. A convent church was erected in the 1870s.

In 1910, the foundations of the ancient church that once stood over the venerated cave were finally found, partly stretching beneath the modern cloister. The convent was moved nearby and reconstruction of the Byzantine church began in 1915. The reconstruction was stopped in 1927 when funds ran out, and the renewed Church of Eleona remains unfinished.^{[citation needed]} The French architect Marcel Favier ^[fr], who was put in charge of rebuilding the ancient church, arrived in Jerusalem in September 1926.^[4]

The tomb which Princess Aurelia Bossi prepared for herself during her lifetime stands at the entrance of the modern church. She died in Florence in 1889, and her remains were brought to the church in 1957, according to her last wish.

On November 7, 2024, a diplomatic incident occurred at the church when Israeli Defense Forces detained two French gendarmes and prevented a scheduled visit from the French Foreign Minister Jean-Noel Barrot who was in Israel to discuss potential ceasefire deals in the Israel-Hamas war.^[5][6]

The 4th-century Byzantine church has been partially reconstructed and provides a good sense of what the original was like. The church's dimensions are the same as the original's and the garden outside the three doors outlines the atrium area. The church is unroofed and has steps that lead into a grotto where some Christians believe that Jesus revealed to his disciples his prophecy of the destruction of Jerusalem and the second coming. Unfortunately, the cave containing the grotto partially collapsed when it was discovered in 1910. It also cuts partly into a 1st-century tomb.

As one enters the south door of the Byzantine church, on the left there are fragments of the mosaic floor of the baptistery.

The 19th-century cloister is modelled on the Camposanto Monumentale di Pisa at Pisa, Italy.^{[citation needed]} It separates the partly reconstructed Byzantine church, which stands west of it, from the small 19th-century convent church, which stands east of it.

Princess Aurelia Bossi's tomb stands in the western lateral chamber of the narthex, on the right-hand side as one enters the church.

The walls of the cloister, of the convent church and the partially reconstructed Eleona church are all used to display plaques that bear the Lord's Prayer in a total of well over 100 different languages and dialects.^[7]

The church is located in the At-Tur district of Jerusalem, which has a population of about 18,000 mostly Muslim Arabs, with a small Christian minority.

• 
  View from the cloister
• 
  The Lord's Prayer in multiple languages
• 
  The Lord's Prayer in Biblical Greek
• 
  The Lord's Prayer in Latin
• Pater Noster

• Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, Oxford Archaeological Guides: The Holy Land (Oxford, 1998), 125–26.
• Kay Prag, Blue Guide to Israel and the Palestinian Territories (Black and Norton, 2002), 230–31.
• Daniel Jacobs, Mini Rough Guide to Jerusalem (Rough Guides, 1999), 105–06.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Church of the Pater Noster.

• Sacred Destinations
• The Pater Noster Church
• Photos of the Church of the Pater Noster at the Manar al-Athar photo archive