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1976 Summer Olympics Parade of Nations

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

During the parade of nations section of the 1976 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, athletes from each country participating in the Olympics paraded in the arena, preceded by their flag. The flag was borne by a sportsperson from his or her respective country chosen either by the National Olympic Committee or by the athletes themselves to represent their country.

Parade order

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As the nation of the first modern Olympic Games, Greece entered the stadium first; whereas, the host nation Canada marched last, in accordance with the tradition and IOC guidelines. As each delegation entered accompanied by the music to be composed by Vic Vogel, the national name was announced in French and English (the official languages of the Olympics).[1][2]

Whilst most countries entered under their short names, a few entered under acronyms or alternative names, mostly due to political and naming disputes. West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) entered as Allemagne (République Federal de Allemagne), East Germany (German Democratic Republic) as République Démocratique Allemande, North Korea (Democratic People's Republic of Korea) as R.P.D. Corée (République Populaire Démocratique de Corée), and Soviet Union (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) as U.R.S.S. (Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques).

Ninety-two nations entered the stadium with a combined total of 6,084 athletes. Four of them made their Olympic debut, namely Andorra (which had its overall Olympic debut a few months before in Innsbruck), Antigua and Barbuda (as Antigua), Cayman Islands, and Papua New Guinea. Because of the 1976 Summer Olympics boycott, several African countries which marched at the parade eventually withdrew from the Games, including Cameroon, Morocco, and Tunisia.[3][4] Senegal and Ivory Coast were the only African countries that competed throughout the duration of the Games. Elsewhere, Burma, Iraq and Guyana also opted to join the Congolese-led boycott. Other countries, such as El Salvador and Zaire, did not participate in Montreal for purely economic reasons.[3]

List

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The following is a list of each country's announced flag bearer. The list is sorted by the order in which each nation appears in the parade of nations. The names are given in their official designations by the IOC.

This table is sortable by country name (in French), the flag bearer's name, and the flag bearer's sport.

Order Nation French Flag bearer Sport
1  Greece (GRE) Grèce Vasilios Papageorgopoulos Athletics
2  Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) Allemagne Hans Günter Winkler Equestrian
3  Andorra (AND) Andorre Esteve Dolsa Shooting
4  Antigua (ANT) Antigua Fred Sowerby Athletics
5  Netherlands Antilles (AHO) Antilles Néerlandaises Jaime Felipa Judo
6  Saudi Arabia (KSA) Arabie Saoudite Mohamed Al-Bouhairi Athletics
7  Argentina (ARG) Argentine Hugo Aberastegui Rowing
8  Australia (AUS) Australie Raelene Boyle Athletics
9  Austria (AUT) Autriche Günther Pfaff Canoeing
10  Bahamas (BAH) Bahamas Mike Sands Athletics
11  Barbados (BAR) Barbade Lorna Forde Athletics
12  Belgium (BEL) Belgique Gaston Roelants Athletics
13  Belize (BIZ) Belize John Waight Shooting
14  Bermuda (BER) Bermudes Clark Godwin Athletics
15  Bolivia (BOL) Bolivie Marco Soria Cycling
16  Brazil (BRA) Brésil João Carlos de Oliveira Athletics
17  Bulgaria (BUL) Bulgarie Aleksandar Tomov Wrestling
18  Cameroon (CMR)[c] Cameroun Nicolas Owona Cycling
19  Cayman Islands (CAY) Îles Caïmans Peter Milburn Sailing
20  Chile (CHI) Chili Juan Inostroza Fencing
21  Colombia (COL) Colombie Helmut Bellingrodt Shooting
22  Republic of Korea (KOR) Corée Yoo Jae-kwon Wrestling
23  Costa Rica (CRC) Costa Rica María París Swimming
24  Ivory Coast (CIV) Côte d'Ivoire Jacques Ayé Abehi Athletics
25  Cuba (CUB) Cuba Teófilo Stevenson Boxing
26  Denmark (DEN) Danemark Judith Andersen Rowing
27  Dominican Republic (DOM) République Dominicaine Eleoncio Mercedes Boxing
28  Ecuador (ECU) Équateur Nelson Suárez Diving
29  Spain (ESP) Espagne Enrique Rodríguez Boxing
30  United States of America (USA) États-Unis de Amerique Gary Hall, Sr. Swimming
31  Fiji (FIJ) Fidji Miriama Tuisorisori-Chambault Athletics
32  Finland (FIN) Finlande Lasse Virén Athletics
33  France (FRA) France Daniel Morelon Cycling
34  Great Britain (GBR) Grande Bretagne Rodney Pattisson Sailing
35  Guatemala (GUA) Guatémala Edgar Tornez Weightlifting
36  Guyana (GUY)[c] Guyana Kenny Bristol Boxing
37  Haiti (HAI) Haiti Emmanuel Saint-Hilaire Athletics
38  Honduras (HON) Honduras Santiago Fonseca Athletics
39  Hong Kong (HKG) Hong Kong Tso Hok Young Shooting
40  Hungary (HUN) Hongrie Jenő Kamuti Fencing
41  India (IND) Inde Ajitpal Singh Field hockey
42  Indonesia (INA) Indonésie Syamsul Anwar Harahap Boxing
43  Iran (IRI) Iran Moslem Eskandar-Filabi Wrestling
44  Ireland (IRL) Irlande Frank Moore Rowing
45  Iceland (ISL) Islande Óskar Jakobsson Athletics
46  Israel (ISR) Israël Esther Roth-Shahamorov Athletics
47  Italy (ITA) Italie Klaus Dibiasi Diving
48  Jamaica (JAM) Jamaïque Don Quarrie Athletics
49  Japan (JPN) Japon Katsutoshi Nekoda Volleyball
50  Kuwait (KUW) Koweït Abdul Nasser Al-Sayegh Fencing
51  Lebanon (LIB) Liban Toni Khouri Official
52  Liechtenstein (LIE) Liechtenstein Paul Büchel Judo
53  Luxembourg (LUX) Luxembourg Robert Schiel Fencing
54  Malaysia (MAS) Malaisie Ishtiaq Mubarak Athletics
55  Mali (MLI)[c] Mali
56  Morocco (MAR)[c] Maroc Abdel Latif Fatihi Boxing
57  Mexico (MEX) Mexique Teresa Díaz Gymnastics
58  Monaco (MON) Monaco Francis Boisson Shooting (official)
59  Mongolia (MGL) Mongolie Zevegiin Oidov Wrestling
60  Nepal (NEP) Népal Baikuntha Manandhar Athletics
61  Nicaragua (NCA) Nicaragua Frank Richardson Swimming
62  Norway (NOR) Norvège Leif Jenssen Weightlifting
63  Papua New Guinea (PNG) Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée Wavala Kali Athletics
64  New Zealand (NZL) Nouvelle-Zélande David Aspin Wrestling
65  Pakistan (PAK) Pakistan Abdul Rashid Field hockey
66  Panama (PAN) Panamá Georgina Osorio Swimming
67  Paraguay (PAR) Paraguay Julio Abreu Swimming
68  Netherlands (NED) Pays-Bas André Bolhuis Field hockey
69  Peru (PER) Pérou Teresa Núñez Volleyball
70  Philippines (PHI) Philippines Gerardo Rosario Swimming
71  Poland (POL) Pologne Grzegorz Śledziewski Canoeing
72  Puerto Rico (PUR) Porto Rico Téofilo Colón Athletics (non-participant)
73  Portugal (POR) Portugal Carlos Lopes Athletics
74  German Democratic Republic (GDR) République Démocratique Allemande Hans-Georg Reimann Athletics
75  Democratic People's Republic of Korea (PRK) R.P.D. Corée[a] Kim Man-dok Official
76  Romania (ROM) Roumanie Nicolae Martinescu Wrestling
77  San Marino (SMR) Saint-Marin Italo Casali Shooting
78  Senegal (SEN) Senegal Samba Dièye Athletics
79  Singapore (SIN) Singapour Koh Eng Kian Judo
80  Sweden (SWE) Suède Jan Karlsson Wrestling
81  Switzerland (SUI) Suisse Christian Kauter Fencing
82  Suriname (SUR) Suriname Ricardo Elmont Judo
83  Swaziland (SWZ)[c] Swaziland Jonathan Magagula Boxing
84  Czechoslovakia (TCH) Tchécoslovaquie Ludvík Daněk Athletics
85  Thailand (THA) Thaïlande Anat Ratanapol Athletics
86  Trinidad and Tobago (TRI) Trinidad-Tobago Hasely Crawford Athletics
87  Tunisia (TUN)[c] Tunisie Mohammed Gammoudi Athletics
88  Turkey (TUR) Turquie Erol Küçükbakırcı Cycling
89  Soviet Union (URS) U.R.S.S.[b] Vasily Alekseyev Weightlifting
90  Uruguay (URU) Uruguay Reinaldo Kutscher Rowing
91  Venezuela (VEN) Venezuela Manuel Luna Judo
92  Virgin Islands (ISV) Îles Vierges Ivan David Wrestling
93  Yugoslavia (YUG) Yougoslavie Hrvoje Horvat Handball
94  Canada (CAN) Canada Abby Hoffman Athletics
Notes
  • a République Populaire Démocratique de Corée
  • b Union des Républiques Socialistes Soviétiques
  • c Withdrew after the opening ceremony

References

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  1. ^ Montreal 1976 – Parade of the athletes (YouTube). CM1. 9 August 2021.
  2. ^ "Technical Manual on Ceremonies" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. November 2005. p. 40. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
  3. ^ a b "Africa and the XXI Olympiad". Olympic Review. IOC. 1976. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 30, 2018. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  4. ^ "1976: African countries boycott Olympics". London: BBC News. July 17, 1976. Retrieved October 21, 2008.