Vizier (Brunei)
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The Wazir (English: Vizier) are a group of royal dignitaries within the Sultanate of Brunei whose position ranks the second-highest official in the country behind the Sultan. The vizier had formerly held the position of the Sultan's highest official in the administration of the then-reigning government throughout Brunei's history, particularly during the times prior to and after the British protectorate. Wazir consists of a Perdana Wazir (head of the vizier), and four Wazir under him, namely Bendahara, Di-Gadong, Pemancha and Temenggong.
History
In the administration of the Government of Brunei, the vizier position has long been the top one in Brunei. The only viziers during the early Sultans of Brunei's rule were Bendahara and Temenggong.[1] At the end of the 16th century, under Sultan Muhammad Hasan, Pemancha and Di-Gadong were first used.[1][2] During the reign of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah, the present Sultan of Brunei, Perdana Wazir was only recently introduced.[2]
Hierarchy
The Head Vizier (Kepala Wazir)'s official title is Perdana Wazir, while the Four Viziers (Wazir Empat)'s official titles are Bendahara, Di-Gadong, Pemancha, and Temenggong. The title is invariably followed by Pengiran, nevertheless, because wazirs are typically chosen from the people with Pengiran titles, particularly the royal family and Pengiran Bertaras. In addition, a few additional words were added following the basic title of vizier. But only when the incumbent is still alive will these extra words be used. Wazir's list is as follows:[2][3][4]
- Kepala Wazir
- Pengiran Perdana Wazir Sahibul Himmah Wal-Waqar
- Wazir Empat
- Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara
- Pengiran Di-Gadong Sahibul Mal
- Pengiran Pemancha Sahibul Rae' Wal-Mashuarah
- Pengiran Temenggong Sahibul Bahar
Title and styling
Every person who becomes a wazir possesses a certain set of rules that they must follow when discussing certain aspects of the surat-menyurat (letters used for activities carried out by one party to another party continuously, whose activities are carried out by sending letters to each other), including naming the wazir in question. Wazir is understood to originate from a prince who is either gahara (pure royal lineage) or not. For the wazir who is the prince of the Sultan, it is styled as Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri, while other than that, it is referred to as Yang Teramat Mulia Seri Paduka.[3]
Viziers
The vizier must be a member of the Royal Family, namely one of the royal princes who is gahara (pure descendants of the sultan), as stated in Chapter 2 (1) of the Proclamation to Lift and Appoint Regent from 1959. Pengiran-Pengiran Kebanyakan, however, may also be given the title of vizier with the Sultan's consent. A ceremony known as mengarak is used to designate someone as vizier and bestow the appropriate title.[2]
| Title | Wazir | Incumbent | Date | Predecessor |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pengiran Perdana Wazir Sahibul Himmah Wal-Waqar | Perdana Wazir | Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Pengiran Perdana Wazir Sahibul Himmah Wal-Waqar Pengiran Muda Mohamed Bolkiah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien | 6 February 1970[5] | Office established |
| Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara | Bendahara | Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara Pengiran Muda Haji Sufri Bolkiah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien | 1979 | Yang Teramat Mulia Seri Paduka Pengiran Bendahara Seri Maharaja Permaisuara Pengiran Muda Haji Hashim ibni Al-Marhum Pengiran Bendahara Pengiran Anak Abdul Rahman |
| Pengiran Di-Gadong Sahibul Mal | Di-Gadong | Duli Yang Teramat Mulia Paduka Seri Pengiran Di-Gadong Sahibul Mal Pengiran Muda Haji Jefri Bolkiah ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Haji Omar 'Ali Saifuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien | 1979 | Yang Teramat Mulia Seri Paduka Pengiran Di-Gadong Sahibul Mal Pengiran Anak Haji Khamis ibni Al-Marhum Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin |
| Pengiran Pemancha Sahibul Rae' Wal-Mashuarah | Pemancha | Vacant | - | Yang Teramat Mulia Seri Paduka Pengiran Pemancha Sahibul Rae' Wal-Mashuarah Pengiran Anak Haji Mohamed Alam ibni Al-Marhum Pengiran Bendahara Pengiran Anak Abdul Rahman |
| Pengiran Temenggong Sahibul Bahar | Temenggong | Vacant | - | Yang Teramat Mulia Seri Paduka Pengiran Temenggong Sahibul Bahar Pengiran Haji Mohammad bin Pengiran Abdul Rahman Piut |
See also
References
- ^ a b Awang.), Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji (1997). Tarsilah Brunei: Zaman kegemilangan dan kemasyhuran (in Malay). Jabatan Pusat Sejarah, Kementerian Kebudayaan Belia dan Sukan. p. 109.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) - ^ a b c d Awang.), Mohd Jamil Al-Sufri (Pehin Orang Kaya Amar Diraja Dato Seri Utama Haji (2003). Adat istiadat Diraja Brunei (in Malay). Jabatan Adat Istiadat Negara, Jabatan Perdana Menteri. pp. 10–11, 14, 19. ISBN 978-99917-34-22-4.
- ^ a b Melayu Islam Beraja Menengah II (in Malay). Jabatan Perkembangan Kurikulum. 1998. p. 186. ISBN 9991722394.
- ^ "BRUNEIresources.com - Brunei List of Wazirs and Cheterias". www.bruneiresources.com. Retrieved 2023-06-22.
- ^ "The Brunei Darussalam State Flag". Information Department.