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Template:Infobox erbium

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This is an old revision of this page, as edited by 131.130.30.233 (talk) at 15:08, 14 January 2013 (Crystal structure set to hexagonal close packed (hcp). Hexagonal could be mistaken for "simple hexagonal", although just the lattice system is hexagonal. (Reference: C. Kittel, Introduction to Solid State Physics)). The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Erbium, 00Er
Erbium
Pronunciation/ˈɜːrbiəm/ (UR-bee-əm)
Appearancesilvery white
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Er)
Erbium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
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Er

Fm
holmiumerbiumthulium
Groupf-block groups (no number)
Periodperiod 6
Block  f-block
Electron configuration[Xe] 4f12 6s2
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 30, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point1802 K ​(1529 °C, ​2784 °F)
Boiling point3141 K ​(2868 °C, ​5194 °F)
Density (near r.t.)9.066 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)8.86 g/cm3
Heat of fusion19.90 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization280 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity28.12 J/(mol·K)
Vapor pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1504 1663 (1885) (2163) (2552) (3132)
Atomic properties
Oxidation statescommon: +3
0,[3] +1,? +2?
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.24
Atomic radiusempirical: 176 pm
Covalent radius189±6 pm
Color lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines of erbium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structurehexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Hexagonal close packed crystal structure for erbium
Thermal expansion(r.t.) (poly) 12.2 µm/(m⋅K)
Thermal conductivity14.5 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity(r.t.) (poly) 0.860 µ Ω⋅m
Magnetic orderingparamagnetic at 300 K
Young's modulus69.9 GPa
Shear modulus28.3 GPa
Bulk modulus44.4 GPa
Speed of sound thin rod2830 m/s (at 20 °C)
Poisson ratio0.237
Vickers hardness589 MPa
Brinell hardness814 MPa
CAS Number7440-52-0
History
DiscoveryCarl Gustaf Mosander (1842)
Isotopes of erbium
Main isotopes[4] Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
160Er synth 28.58 h ε 160Ho
162Er 0.139% stable
164Er 1.60% stable
165Er synth 10.36 h ε 165Ho
166Er 33.5% stable
167Er 22.9% stable
168Er 27.0% stable
169Er synth 9.4 d β 169Tm
170Er 14.9% stable
171Er synth 7.516 h β 171Tm
172Er synth 49.3 h β 172Tm
 Category: Erbium
| references

References

  1. ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Erbium". CIAAW. 1999.
  2. ^ Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Ding, Tiping; Dunn, Philip J. H.; Gröning, Manfred; Holden, Norman E.; Meijer, Harro A. J. (2022-05-04). "Standard atomic weights of the elements 2021 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. doi:10.1515/pac-2019-0603. ISSN 1365-3075.
  3. ^ Yttrium and all lanthanides except Ce and Pm have been observed in the oxidation state 0 in bis(1,3,5-tri-t-butylbenzene) complexes, see Cloke, F. Geoffrey N. (1993). "Zero Oxidation State Compounds of Scandium, Yttrium, and the Lanthanides". Chem. Soc. Rev. 22: 17–24. doi:10.1039/CS9932200017. and Arnold, Polly L.; Petrukhina, Marina A.; Bochenkov, Vladimir E.; Shabatina, Tatyana I.; Zagorskii, Vyacheslav V.; Cloke (2003-12-15). "Arene complexation of Sm, Eu, Tm and Yb atoms: a variable temperature spectroscopic investigation". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 688 (1–2): 49–55. doi:10.1016/j.jorganchem.2003.08.028.
  4. ^ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.