Borders of India
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This article is about both the land and maritime borders of India. Lakes and rivers boundaries are considered internal waters land borders, not maritime boundaries.
Land borders of India
| Land Border Country | Length (km) and (mi) [1] | Force | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan |
106 kilometres (66 mi)[2] | Border Security Force | PoK border with Wakhan Corridor |
 Bhutan |
699 kilometres (434 mi)[3] | Sashastra Seema Bal | |
 Myanmar |
1,643 kilometres (1,021 mi) | Assam Rifles and Indian Army | |
 Nepal |
1,758 kilometres (1,092 mi)[3] | Sashastra Seema Bal | |
 Pakistan |
3,323 kilometres (2,065 mi) | Border Security Force | |
 China |
3,380 kilometres (2,100 mi) | Indo-Tibetan Border Police and Special Frontier Force | |
 Bangladesh |
4,097 kilometres (2,546 mi) | Border Security Force | India–Bangladesh enclaves exchanged |
 Sri Lanka |
30 kilometres (19 mi) | Indian Coast Guard | On a Ram Sethu sand dune. |
Maritime borders of India
Maritime borders of India are the maritime boundary recognized by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea entails boundaries of territorial waters, contiguous zones, and exclusive economic zones. India, with its claim of 12 nautical mile territorial sea and 200 nautical miles exclusive economic zone, has more than 7000 km maritime border shared with 7 nations.
| Land Border Country | Length (km) and (mi) [4] | Force | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bangladesh |
Indian Navy | ||
 Indonesia |
Indian Navy | Indira Point | |
| Myanmar |
Indian Navy | Coco Islands | |
| Pakistan |
Indian Navy | Sir Creek | |
 Thailand |
Indian Navy | ||
| Sri Lanka |
>400 kilometres (250 mi)[5] | Indian Navy | |
 Maldives |
Indian Navy |
Designated crossings with ICP & LCS
The map of ICP and LCS.
Integrated Check Posts (ICP)
India has 7 functional ICPs, and plans are underway to upgrade 13 more LCS to ICP, including 7 at borders taking total of border ICP to 14, at the cost of ₹3,000 crore (US$360 million) (c. Oct 2017).[6][7] Designated Integrated Check Posts (ICP), with both customs and immigration facilities are:[8]
- Assam
- Karimganj-Gopalganj District, Bangladesh via Sutarkandi integrated checkpost crossing on NH37(India) and Sheola post (Sylhet division, Bangladesh), plan announced c. Oct 2017.[6]
- Tripura
- Agartala-Dhaka via Agartala integrated checkpost (India) and Akhaura checkpost crossing, already functional (c. 2017).[7]
- Santirbazar-Feni via Santirbazar integrated border checkpost road and railway crossing in South Tripura district
- West Bengal
- Kolkata–Dhaka via Petrapole integrated checkpost crossing, already functional (c. 2017).[7]
- Malda-Rajshahi via Mahadipur crossing
- Changrabandha railway station
- Hili, plan announced c. Oct 2017.[6]
- Ghojadanga, plan announced c. Oct 2017.[6]
- Mahadipur, plan announced c. Oct 2017.[6]
- Fulbari, plan announced c. Oct 2017.[6]
- Jaigaon at Alipurduar district of West Bengal, plan approved c. 2016.[10]
- Moreh ICP, already operational.[11]
- Zorinpui in Lawngtlai district, already operational in Oct 2017 for Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project.[11]
- Jogbani, Bihar[10]
- Raxaul, Bihar[10]
- Sonauli, Uttar Pradesh[citation needed]
- Rupaidiha, Uttar Pradesh[10]
- Panitanki, Darjeeling district of West Bengal.[10]
- Attari at Wagah in Punjab, already operational (2017) (see Samjhauta Express).
- Munabao in Barmer district in Rajasthan (see Thar Express)
Land Customs Stations (LCS)
Designated Land Customs Stations (LCS) are (no immigration facilities):[12]
- Assam
- Mankachar Land Customs Stations (India) - Rowmari post (Natun Bandar, Rongpur division, Bangladesh)
- Karimganj Steamer and Ferry Station (KSFS) (India) - Zakiganj post (Sylhet division, Bangladesh)
- Guwahati Steamer Ghat (Dhubri district, India) -
- Dhubri Steamer Ghat (Dhubri district, India) - Rowmati (Maymansingh division, Bangladesh)
- Assam non-functional LCS are:
- Mahisasan railway station (Karimganj district, India) - Shahbazpur (Sylhet division)
- Golokganj (Dhubri district) - Sonahaat (Rongpur Division)
- Silchar Railway Mail Service (India) - independent of border (no border, inland LCS)
- Meghalaya
- Baghmara (South Garo Hills, India) - Bijoyour post (Bangladesh)
- Bholaganj (East Khasi Hills district) - Chatak (Sunamganj division)
- Borsara Land Customs Stations (West Khasi Hills, India) - Borsara post (Bangladesh)
- West Garo Hills - Bakshiganj via Mahendraganj crossing on NH12
- Tura-Nalitabari via Dalu crossing on NH217 (West Garo Hills, India) and Nakugaon post (Bangladesh)
- Shellabazar (West Khasi Hills district) - Sunamganj(Sylhet division)
- Gasuapara (South Garo Hills district)- Karoitol (Mymansing division)
- Meghalaya non-functional LCS are:
- Tripura
- Srimantapur (Sipahijala district) - Bibir Bazar (Comilla division), became operational in January 2016.[13]
- Dhalaighat (Dhalai district) - Kumarghat (Sunamganj division)
- Khowaighat (West Tripura district) - Balla (Habiganj division)
- Manu (Dhalai district) - Chatlapur (Sylhet division )
- Muhurighat (South Tripura district) - Belonia (Feni division )
- Old Ragnabazar (North Tripura district) - Betul (Fultali) (Sylhet division)
- Longewala in Jaisalmer district of Rajsthan
Border bazaars and haats
This proposed list of border bazaars and haats in varying stages of implementation, as suggested by State Governments to Ministry of External Affairs for setting up Border Haats.[15]
As of April 2012, India and Myanmar have approved two locations – Pangsau Pass, Arunachal Pradesh and Somrai in Ukhrul District. These are likely to be finalised soon during a forthcoming visit of Hon’ble Prime Minister to Myanmar.[15]
- Arunachal Pradesh Border Haats
- Pangsau Pass (Nampong), Changlang - Pangsau, Kachin Province
- Chingsa (Khimiyang Circle), Changlang - Langhong, Kachin Province
- Makantong (Khimiyang Circle), Changlang - Ngaimong, Kachin Province
- Wakka/Pongchao/Lazu - Tirap, Kachin Province
- Manipur Border Haats
- Kongkan Thana, Ukhrul - Aungci Suggested by State Government
- New Somtal, Chandel - Thenjen, or Khampat
- Behiang, Churachandpur - Khenman, or Chikha
- Mizoram Border Haats
- Hruitezawl, Lawngtlai - Varang
- Hnahlan, Champhai - Darkhai
- Vaphai, Champhai - Leilet
- Chakhang, Saiha - Nviaphia
- Nagaland Border Haats
- Avakhung, Phek - Layshi are 32 km from each other
- Pangsha, Tuensang - Lahe/Hkamti District HQ are 60 km from each other
- Chemoho/Longwa, Mon - Lahe are 60 km from each other
- Molhe, Phek - Pansat are 10 km from each other
- Meghalaya
- Kalaichar, West Garo Hills
- Balat, West Khasi Hills
- Meghalaya
- Mizoram
- Marpara, Mamit - Longkor
- Sillsury, Lunglei - Mahmuam
- Tuipuibari, Mamit - Not provided
- Nunsuri, Lunglei - Not provided
- Mizoram
- Tripura: Decision on Tripura Haats will be subsequent to the completion of agreement w.r.t. Meghalaya Haats.
- Kamalasagar, West Tripura
- Boxanagar
- Bamutia
- Srinagar, South Tripura
- Ekimpur
- Pal Basti (Raghna), North Tripura
- Hiracherra (Kailasahar)
- Kamalpur, Dhalai
- Tripura: Decision on Tripura Haats will be subsequent to the completion of agreement w.r.t. Meghalaya Haats.
Scheduled border ceremonies
The scheduled Beating Retreat ceremonies, a major tourist attraction for the public, are held at the following 4 places.
- India–Bangladesh border
- Petrapole-Benapole Border Ceremony is jointly held every evening from 1630–1700 by the Border Security Force (India) and the Border Guards Bangladesh.[16][17][18]
- India–Pakistan border
- Mahavir/Sadqi border at Fazilka in Indian Punjab / and Sulaimanki in Pakistani Punjab.[19]
- Hussainiwala in Indian Punjab / Ganda Singh Wala in Kasur District of Pakistani Punjab
- Wagah-Attari border ceremony, lowering of the flags ceremony is held every day in the evening by the Border Security Force (BSF) and Pakistan Rangers.[19] The spectacular drill, popular among tourists, is characterized by elaborate and rapid dancelike manoeuvres, which have been described as "colourful".[19]
References
See also
External links
- MDoNER Northeast India and SAARC Trade Assessment report
- List of countries that have ratified Law of the Sea Conventions
Citation
- ^ eJyoti Discovering facts, Information website
- ^ The Times of India, News website
- ^ a b SSB to strengthen presence on India-Bhutan border, Times of India, 20 Dec 2017.
- ^ eJyoti Discovering facts, Information website
- ^ India-Sri Lanka fishing rights dispute
- ^ a b c d e f g [1], Indian Express, Oct 2017.
- ^ a b c 7 border ICP and total 13 ICP coming up
- ^ http://www.mdoner.gov.in/node/1483 ICP of India]
- ^ Dawki ICP foundation stone laid.
- ^ a b c d e Indo-Nepal and Indo-Bhutan border to have more ICP, Oct 2016.
- ^ a b India opens two border crossing points with Myanmar, Bangladesh, Times of India, 1 Oct 2o17.
- ^ ICP and LCS
- ^ Srimantapur LCS opens
- ^ India opens two border crossing points with Myanmar, Bangladesh
- ^ a b Border haats of India
- ^ "PETRAPOLE SET TO HAVE A SPECTACULAR RETREAT CEREMONY" (PDF). PRESS RELEASE. BORDER SECURITY FORCE. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ "Retreat Ceremony at Indo–Bangladesh Border". PIB. Press Information Bureau. Retrieved 9 April 2016.
- ^ Kumar, Satish (14 July 2015). India’s National Security: Annual Review 2014. Routledge India. p. 512. ISBN 978-1138927438.
- ^ a b c Khaleeli, Homa (1 November 2010). "Goodbye to the ceremony of silly walks between India and Pakistan". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 November 2011. Cite error: The named reference "guardian" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
