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3-lit.
- (transitive) to quench, to extinguish (fire, thirst, wind, rebellion, etc.)
c. 1900 BCE,
The Instructions of Kagemni (
pPrisse/pBN 183) lines 1.5–1.6:
- jw jkn n(j) mw ꜥḫm.f jbt jw mḥ{t}⟨w⟩ r(ꜣ) m šww smn.f jb
- For a cup of water quenches thirst, for a mouthful of šww-herbs makes the heart firm.
- (intransitive, Late Egyptian, of water) to dry up
Conjugation of ꜥḫm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: ꜥḫm, geminated stem: ꜥḫmm
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫmw, ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫmt
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫm
|
| ‘pseudoverbal’ forms
|
| stative stem
|
periphrastic imperfective2
|
periphrastic prospective2
|
ꜥḫm
|
ḥr ꜥḫm
|
m ꜥḫm
|
r ꜥḫm
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ꜥḫm.n
|
ꜥḫmw, ꜥḫm
|
consecutive
|
ꜥḫm.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
ꜥḫmt
|
| perfective3
|
ꜥḫm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
ꜥḫm.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
ꜥḫm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫmm
|
potentialis1
|
ꜥḫm.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
ꜥḫm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ꜥḫm.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
ꜥḫm
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫm, ꜥḫmw5, ꜥḫmy5
|
| imperfective
|
ꜥḫm, ꜥḫmy, ꜥḫmw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ꜥḫm, ꜥḫmj6, ꜥḫmy6
|
ꜥḫm, ꜥḫmw5
|
| prospective
|
ꜥḫm, ꜥḫmtj7
|
—
|
ꜥḫmtj4, ꜥḫmt4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
|
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ꜥḫm
|
|
|
|
|
|
| ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫm
|
ꜥḫm
|
|
|
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[New Kingdom]
|
[Greco-Roman Period]
|
- “ꜥḫm (lemma ID 40630)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 224.15–224.19
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 48
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 458.
