歸
|
Translingual
[edit]Traditional | 歸 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 帰 |
Simplified | 归 |
Han character
[edit]歸 (Kangxi radical 77, 止+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹一尸一月 (HMSMB), four-corner 27127, composition ⿰⿱𠂤止帚)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 578, character 7
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16349
- Dae Jaweon: page 968, character 18
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1446, character 15
- Unihan data for U+6B78
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 歸 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 归 | |
alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 歸 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 𠂤 (“ancient form of 師 (“troops”)”) + 帚 (“broom; sweep”) – to eradicate the enemy and return.
Some analyse the 帚 component in the oracle bone script as a ligature of 止 (“to stop, to cease”) and 方 (“peripheral tribes”), i.e. “(of tribes in the periphery) to cease enmity and submit”.
A 止 (“foot”) or 辵 (“walking”) component was further added in the bronze inscriptions.
Shuowen deems 𠂤 to be the phonetic component of this character.
Etymology 1
[edit]Starostin and Schuessler (2007) consider this a possible derivative of 回 (OC *ɡuːl, “to revolve; to return”). Compared with Tibetan འཁོར ('khor, “circle; turn; to turn round; to return”) by Xue (2001) and Wang (2007).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): gui1
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): гуй (guy, I)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): gui1
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): gui1
- Northern Min (KCR): gṳ́
- Eastern Min (BUC): gŭi
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 1ciu; 1kue / 1kue
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): guei1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guei
- Wade–Giles: kuei1
- Yale: gwēi
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
- Palladius: гуй (guj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: gui1
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gui
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuei⁵⁵/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: гуй (guy, I)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuei²⁴/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gwai1
- Yale: gwāi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gwai1
- Guangdong Romanization: guei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kei³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: gui1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kui⁴²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kûi
- Hakka Romanization System: guiˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gui1
- Sinological IPA: /ku̯i²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: gui1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /kuei¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ́
- Sinological IPA (key): /ky⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gŭi
- Sinological IPA (key): /kui⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- 1jy - colloquial (歸去);
- 1kue - literary.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: guei1
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯e̞i̯³³/
- (Changsha)
- Dialectal data
- Middle Chinese: kjw+j
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ʷəj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*klul/
Definitions
[edit]歸
- to return (to a place); to come back to
- to return to (a person, a status); to revert to
- to submit to; to seek patronage
- to tend towards; to converge
- to belong to
- (between identical verbs) despite; notwithstanding
Usage notes
[edit]Usually written as 皈 in Buddhist terms (皈依 (guīyī), 三皈 (sānguī), 皈正, etc.).
Synonyms
[edit]Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Classical Chinese | 回, 歸 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 回, 返回, 回歸 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 回 |
Taiwan | 回 | |
Malaysia | 回 | |
Singapore | 回 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 轉, 回 |
Guilin | 回 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 返 |
Hong Kong | 返 | |
Macau | 返 | |
Zhongshan (Shiqi) | 返 | |
Taishan | 返 | |
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) | 返 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 返 | |
Hakka | Meixian | 轉 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 轉 | |
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 歸 | |
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 轉 | |
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 轉 | |
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 轉 | |
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 轉 | |
Kuching (Hepo) | 轉 | |
Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 轉 |
Singapore (Fuqing) | 轉 | |
Southern Min | Xiamen | 轉, 倒 |
Quanzhou | 轉 | |
Zhangzhou | 轉 | |
Zhao'an | 轉 | |
Taipei | 轉 | |
New Taipei (Sanxia) | 轉 | |
Kaohsiung | 轉 | |
Yilan | 轉 | |
Changhua (Lukang) | 轉 | |
Taichung | 轉 | |
Tainan | 轉 | |
Hsinchu | 轉 | |
Kinmen | 轉 | |
Penghu (Magong) | 轉 | |
Penang (Hokkien) | 轉 | |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 轉 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 倒 | |
Chaozhou | 轉 | |
Shantou | 轉 | |
Haifeng | 轉 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 轉 | |
Wenchang | 轉 | |
Singapore (Hainanese) | 轉 | |
Wu | Ningbo | 回, 轉 rare |
Compounds
[edit]- 三不歸/三不归
- 三歸/三归
- 三歸依/三归依
- 不如歸/不如归
- 不如歸去/不如归去
- 不歸/不归
- 不歸路/不归路 (bùguīlù)
- 久假不歸/久假不归 (jiǔjiǎbùguī)
- 九九歸一/九九归一
- 九九歸原/九九归原
- 九歸/九归 (jiǔguī)
- 于歸 (yúguī)
- 人心所歸/人心所归
- 休牛歸馬/休牛归马
- 來歸/来归 (láiguī)
- 依歸/依归 (yīguī)
- 全受全歸/全受全归
- 劃歸/划归 (huàguī)
- 北回歸線/北回归线 (Běi Huíguīxiàn)
- 北迴歸線/北回归线 (Běi Huíguīxiàn)
- 南回歸線/南回归线 (Nán-Huíguīxiàn)
- 南迴歸線/南回归线 (Nán-Huíguīxiàn)
- 原璧歸趙/原璧归赵
- 去邪歸正/去邪归正
- 反璞歸真/反璞归真 (fǎnpúguīzhēn)
- 反邪歸正/反邪归正
- 同歸/同归 (tóngguī)
- 同歸於盡/同归于尽 (tóngguīyújìn)
- 同歸殊途/同归殊途
- 四海歸心/四海归心
- 回歸/回归 (huíguī)
- 回歸年/回归年 (huíguīnián)
- 回歸潮/回归潮
- 回歸熱/回归热 (huíguīrè)
- 回歸線/回归线 (huíguīxiàn)
- 塵歸塵,土歸土/尘归尘,土归土 (chénguīchén, tǔguītǔ)
- 大歸/大归
- 天下歸心/天下归心 (tiānxiàguīxīn)
- 天命有歸/天命有归
- 天與人歸/天与人归
- 完璧歸趙/完璧归赵 (wánbìguīzhào)
- 實至名歸/实至名归 (shízhìmíngguī)
- 拂袖而歸/拂袖而归
- 挈屐而歸/挈屐而归
- 指歸/指归 (zhǐguī)
- 掛冠歸里/挂冠归里
- 推輦歸里/推辇归里
- 撒手歸去/撒手归去
- 收歸/收归 (shōuguī)
- 收歸國有/收归国有
- 改土歸流/改土归流 (gǎitǔguīliú)
- 改邪歸正/改邪归正 (gǎixiéguīzhèng)
- 放牛歸馬/放牛归马
- 放虎歸山/放虎归山 (fànghǔguīshān)
- 早出晚歸/早出晚归 (zǎochūwǎnguī)
- 春歸/春归
- 春歸人老/春归人老
- 星行夜歸/星行夜归
- 時望所歸/时望所归
- 晚歸/晚归
- 晝錦榮歸/昼锦荣归
- 書歸正傳/书归正传
- 東歸/东归
- 柯爛忘歸/柯烂忘归
- 棄官歸田/弃官归田
- 棄官歸鄉/弃官归乡 (qì guān guī xiāng)
- 棄邪歸正/弃邪归正
- 榮歸/荣归
- 樂而忘歸/乐而忘归
- 歷劫歸來/历劫归来
- 歸之若水/归之若水
- 歸人/归人 (guīrén)
- 歸仁/归仁 (Guīrén, “Gueiren”)
- 歸伍/归伍
- 歸休/归休
- 歸位/归位 (guīwèi)
- 歸併/归并 (guībìng)
- 歸來/归来 (guīlái)
- 歸依/归依 (guīyī)
- 歸俗/归俗
- 歸僑/归侨 (guīqiáo)
- 歸元/归元
- 歸入/归入 (guīrù)
- 歸全反真/归全反真
- 歸公/归公 (guīgōng)
- 歸功/归功 (guīgōng)
- 歸勘/归勘
- 歸化/归化 (guīhuà)
- 歸化植物/归化植物
- 歸去/归去 (guīqù)
- 歸去來兮/归去来兮
- 歸去來辭/归去来辞
- 歸口/归口
- 歸向/归向 (guīxiàng)
- 歸向導引/归向导引
- 歸咎/归咎 (guījiù)
- 歸命/归命
- 歸回/归回 (guīhuí)
- 歸因/归因 (guīyīn)
- 歸國/归国 (guīguó)
- 歸國華僑/归国华侨
- 歸坐/归坐
- 歸墟/归墟
- 歸天/归天 (guītiān)
- 歸奇顧怪/归奇顾怪
- 歸女/归女
- 歸子/归子
- 歸宗/归宗 (guīzōng)
- 歸客/归客
- 歸家/归家 (guījiā)
- 歸宿/归宿 (guīsù)
- 歸寢/归寝
- 歸寧/归宁 (guīníng)
- 歸就/归就
- 歸屬/归属 (guīshǔ)
- 歸屬感/归属感 (guīshǔgǎn)
- 歸山/归山
- 歸州/归州 (Guīzhōu)
- 歸巢/归巢
- 歸市/归市
- 歸帆/归帆
- 歸帳路頭/归帐路头
- 歸心/归心 (guīxīn)
- 歸心似箭/归心似箭 (guīxīnsìjiàn)
- 歸心如箭/归心如箭
- 歸心者/归心者
- 歸忱/归忱
- 歸房/归房
- 歸攏/归拢 (guīlǒng)
- 歸整/归整 (guīzhěng)
- 歸於/归于 (guīyú)
- 歸暮/归暮
- 歸有光/归有光
- 歸服/归服 (guīfú)
- 歸期/归期 (guīqī)
- 歸本/归本
- 歸林/归林
- 歸根/归根 (guīgēn)
- 歸案/归案 (guī'àn)
- 歸根究柢/归根究柢 (guīgēnjiūdǐ)
- 歸根結底/归根结底 (guīgēnjiédǐ)
- 歸根結柢/归根结柢 (guīgēnjiédǐ)
- 歸棹
- 歸檔/归档 (guīdàng)
- 歸止/归止
- 歸正/归正 (guīzhèng)
- 歸正反本/归正反本
- 歸流/归流
- 歸煞/归煞
- 歸煙/归烟
- 歸理/归理
- 歸田/归田 (guītián)
- 歸省/归省
- 歸真/归真 (guīzhēn)
- 歸真反璞/归真反璞
- 歸真證果/归真证果
- 歸真返璞/归真返璞
- 歸神/归神
- 歸福/归福
- 歸程/归程 (guīchéng)
- 歸竅/归窍
- 歸籍/归籍
- 歸納/归纳 (guīnà)
- 歸納推理/归纳推理
- 歸納法/归纳法 (guīnàfǎ)
- 歸終/归终
- 歸結/归结 (guījié)
- 歸綏/归绥 (Guīsuí)
- 歸總/归总
- 歸罪/归罪 (guīzuì)
- 歸置/归置 (guīzhì)
- 歸義/归义
- 歸老/归老 (guīlǎo)
- 歸老菟裘/归老菟裘
- 歸耕/归耕
- 歸聚/归聚
- 歸舟/归舟
- 歸航/归航
- 歸著/归著
- 歸著/归着
- 歸葬/归葬 (guīzàng)
- 歸藏/归藏
- 歸號/归号
- 歸裡包堆/归里包堆
- 歸西/归西 (guīxī)
- 歸計/归计
- 歸誠/归诚
- 歸謬法/归谬法
- 歸趙/归赵
- 歸趨/归趋
- 歸路/归路 (guīlù)
- 歸農/归农 (guīnóng)
- 歸途/归途 (guītú)
- 歸遺細君/归遗细君
- 歸還/归还 (guīhuán)
- 歸附/归附 (guīfù)
- 歸降/归降 (guīxiáng)
- 歸除/归除
- 歸陰/归阴
- 歸隊/归队 (guīduì)
- 歸隱/归隐 (guīyǐn)
- 歸集/归集 (guījí)
- 歸零/归零 (guīlíng)
- 歸面/归面
- 歸順/归顺 (guīshùn)
- 歸類/归类 (guīlèi)
- 歸餘/归余
- 歸首/归首
- 歸馬放牛/归马放牛
- 歸骨/归骨
- 歸齊/归齐
- 殊塗同歸/殊涂同归
- 殊致同歸/殊致同归
- 殊路同歸/殊路同归
- 殊途同歸/殊途同归 (shūtútóngguī)
- 水落歸槽/水落归槽
- 江海同歸/江海同归
- 涓滴歸公/涓滴归公
- 漲價歸公/涨价归公
- 滿載而歸/满载而归 (mǎnzài'érguī)
- 無家可歸/无家可归 (wú jiā kě guī)
- 物歸原主/物归原主 (wùguīyuánzhǔ)
- 物歸舊主/物归旧主
- 率土歸心/率土归心
- 生寄死歸/生寄死归
- 異路同歸/异路同归
- 異途同歸/异途同归 (yìtútóngguī)
- 當歸/当归 (dāngguī)
- 白首同歸/白首同归
- 白首空歸/白首空归
- 白馬歸周/白马归周
- 百川歸海/百川归海 (bǎichuānguīhǎi)
- 百年歸老/百年归老 (bǎiniánguīlǎo)
- 眾望所歸/众望所归 (zhòngwàngsuǒguī)
- 眾望攸歸/众望攸归
- 眾望有歸/众望有归
- 眾毀所歸/众毁所归
- 眾目所歸/众目所归
- 矯邪歸正/矫邪归正
- 視死如歸/视死如归 (shìsǐrúguī)
- 視死若歸/视死若归
- 福壽全歸/福寿全归
- 萬境歸空/万境归空
- 秦庭歸璧/秦庭归璧
- 秭歸/秭归 (Zǐguī, “Zigui”)
- 終歸/终归 (zhōngguī)
- 經宿不歸/经宿不归 (jīng sù bù guī)
- 總歸/总归 (zǒngguī)
- 縱虎歸山/纵虎归山 (zònghǔguīshān)
- 罪有攸歸/罪有攸归
- 羝乳得歸/羝乳得归
- 老女歸宗/老女归宗
- 自拔來歸/自拔来归
- 舊燕歸巢/旧燕归巢
- 華表鶴歸/华表鹤归
- 葉落歸根/叶落归根 (yèluòguīgēn)
- 落葉歸根/落叶归根 (luòyèguīgēn)
- 葉落歸秋/叶落归秋
- 虛往實歸/虚往实归
- 血不歸經/血不归经
- 血本無歸/血本无归 (xuèběnwúguī)
- 衣錦榮歸/衣锦荣归
- 西歸/西归
- 解甲歸田/解甲归田
- 解組歸田/解组归田
- 言歸于好
- 言歸和好/言归和好
- 言歸於好/言归于好 (yánguīyúhǎo)
- 言歸正傳/言归正传 (yánguīzhèngzhuàn)
- 認祖歸宗/认祖归宗 (rènzǔguīzōng)
- 謁歸/谒归
- 責有攸歸/责有攸归
- 賓至如歸/宾至如归 (bīnzhìrúguī)
- 賦歸/赋归
- 赴死如歸/赴死如归
- 返璞歸真/返璞归真 (fǎnpúguīzhēn)
- 返老歸童/返老归童
- 遊騎無歸/游骑无归
- 遲歸/迟归
- 鎩羽而歸/铩羽而归 (shāyǔ'érguī)
- 飛歸/飞归
- 駕鶴西歸/驾鹤西归
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 歸 – see 愧 (“ashamed; conscience-stricken”). (This character is an obsolete form of 愧). |
Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 歸 – see 饋 (“to present gift”). (This character is an obsolete form of 饋). |
Japanese
[edit]帰 | |
歸 |
Kanji
[edit](Hyōgai kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 帰)
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]歸 (eumhun 돌아갈 귀 (doragal gwi))
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- CJK Unified Ideographs block
- Han script characters
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