款

See also: 欵

款	U+6B3E, 款 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B3E

← 欽
[U+6B3D]

CJK Unified Ideographs

欿 →
[U+6B3F]

Translingual

Han character

款 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+8, 12 strokes, cangjie input 土火弓人 (GFNO), four-corner 4798₂, composition ⿰⿱士示欠)

Derived characters

𫫬, 𢕫, 𢡜, 𢴪, 𣽟, 㯘, 䥗, 𫔋, 䲌, 𡪡, 䕀, 窾

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 569, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16107
Dae Jaweon: page 957, character 10
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2141, character 1
Unihan data for U+6B3E

Chinese

trad.		款
simp. ^#		款
2nd round simp.		𤘯
alternative forms		欵歀㱁𣢻𣣙欵歀㱁𣢻𣣙𣤂

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (款) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
款	*kʰloːnʔ
欵	*kʰloːnʔ
歀	*kʰloːnʔ
窾	*kʰloːnʔ

Originally 歀 (kuài), phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : phonetic 柰 (OC *naːds) + semantic 欠 (“lacking, desire”), meaning “desire”. The 木 component was simplified into 士 via libian, similar to 隸→隷.^[1]

Shuowen Jiezi interprets it as phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kʰloːnʔ) : abbreviated phonetic 窾 (OC *kʰloːnʔ) + semantic 欠 (“lacking, desire”).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): kuǎn (kuan³)

(Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): fun²
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): khoán

(Meixian, Guangdong): kuan³
Eastern Min (BUC): kuāng
Southern Min
(Hokkien, POJ): khóaⁿ / khoán

(Teochew, Peng'im): kuang² / kuêng²
Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁵khue; ⁵khuoe

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: kuǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄢˇ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: kuǎn
  - Wade–Giles: kʻuan³
  - Yale: kwǎn
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koan
  - Palladius: куань (kuanʹ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯än²¹⁴/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
  - Jyutping: fun²
  - Yale: fún
  - Cantonese Pinyin: fun²
  - Guangdong Romanization: fun²
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːn³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khoán
  - Hakka Romanization System: kuan^ˋ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: kuan³
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰoan³¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: kuan³
  - Sinological IPA: /kʰuan³¹/
Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: kuāng
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuaŋ³³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khóaⁿ
  - Tâi-lô: khuánn
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qvoar
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰuã⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰuã⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Taipei): /kʰuã⁵³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, Jinjiang, General Taiwanese, Penang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoán
  - Tâi-lô: khuán
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoarn
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /kʰuan⁵³/
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang): /kʰuan⁵⁵⁴/
  - IPA (Penang): /kʰuan⁴⁴⁵/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kʰuan⁴¹/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Taiwan:
- khóaⁿ - vernacular;
- khoán - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: kuang² / kuêng²
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: khuáng / khuéng
- Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuaŋ⁵²/, /kʰueŋ⁵²/

Note:

kuang2 - Shantou;
kuêng2 - Chaozhou.

Wu
- (Northern: Shanghai)
  - Wugniu: ⁵khue; ⁵khuoe
  - MiniDict: khue^去; khuoe^去
  - Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ²khue; ²khuoe
  - Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰue³⁴/, /kʰuø³⁴/

Middle Chinese: khwanX

Rime
Character	款
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦管切
Baxter	khwanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuɑn^X/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷɑn^X/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɑn^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwan^X/
Li Rong	/kʰuɑn^X/
Wang Li	/kʰuɑn^X/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰuɑn^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuǎn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fun²

Old Chinese
(Zhengzhang): /*kʰloːnʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	款
Reading #	1/1
No.	7508
Phonetic component	款
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	款
Old Chinese	/*kʰloːnʔ/

Definitions

款

money (of certain kind)
借款 ― jièkuǎn ― loan

存款 ― cúnkuǎn ― deposit
model, type
幾款車／几款车 [Cantonese] ― gei² fun² ce¹ [Jyutping] ― several types of cars

同款手機／同款手机 [Cantonese] ― tung⁴ fun² sau² gei¹ [Jyutping] ― same model of phone
signature
(law) subsection; subparagraph; subclause (in bills)
(Southern Min, Cantonese) appearance; being
衰款 [Cantonese] ― seoi¹ fun² [Jyutping] ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
(Hokkien) Classifier for varieties: kind; sort; type ⇒ all nouns using this classifier

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 種 (“kind (classifier for varieties)”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		種, 類
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	種
	Malaysia	種
	Singapore	種
Cantonese	Guangzhou	種, 隻
Cantonese	Hong Kong	種, 隻
Southern Min	Tainan	種, 款
	Penang (Hokkien)	種
	Singapore (Hokkien)	種, 款
	Manila (Hokkien)	款
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	種, 隻
Wu	Shanghai	種, 樣

Compounds

References

^ 李學勤，2012《字源》，天津：天津古籍出版社，2013年7月2次印刷。p. 768

Japanese

Kanji

款

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
Kun: まこと (makoto, 款)、しるす (shirusu, 款す)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
款
かん Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 款 (MC khwanX).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [kã̠ɴ]

Noun

款(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)^?}

intimacy; friendship
section of an article in a law, code, etc.

Affix

款(かん) • (kan) ^{←くわん (kwan)^?}

intimacy; friendship
signature; sign and seal
articles or clauses of an agreement, document of proof, etc.
expense; money; funds

Korean

Hanja

款 • (gwan) (hangeul 관, revised gwan, McCune–Reischauer kwan, Yale kwan)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

款: Hán Nôm readings: khoản

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

[1] 李學勤，2012《字源》，天津：天津古籍出版社，2013年7月2次印刷。p. 768

[1]

Translingual

Han character

Derived characters

References

Chinese

Glyph origin

Pronunciation

Definitions

Synonyms

Compounds

See also

References

Further reading

Japanese

Kanji

Readings

Etymology

Pronunciation

Noun

Affix

Korean

Hanja

Vietnamese

Han character