pester
Appearance
English
[edit]Etymology
[edit]In the senses of “overcrowd (a place)” and “impede (a person)”: from Middle French and Old French empestrer (“encumber”), influenced by English pest. The modern sense is an extension of the sense “infest”. Comparable to English construction pest + -er (used to form frequentative verbs).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈpɛstə(ɹ)/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - (US) IPA(key): /ˈpɛstɚ/, [ˈpʰɛstɚ]
- Rhymes: -ɛstə(ɹ)
Verb
[edit]pester (third-person singular simple present pesters, present participle pestering, simple past and past participle pestered)
- (transitive) To bother, harass, or annoy persistently.
- (obsolete, transitive and intransitive) To crowd together thickly.
- 1599, [Thomas] Nashe, Nashes Lenten Stuffe, […], London: […] [Thomas Judson and Valentine Simmes] for N[icholas] L[ing] and C[uthbert] B[urby] […], →OCLC, pages 5–6:
- That which eſpecialleſt nouriſht the moſt prime pleaſure in me, was after a ſtorme when they were driuen inſwarmes, and lay close peſtred together as thicke as they could packe; the next day following, if it were faire, they would cloud the whole skie with canuas, by ſpreading their drabled ſailes in the full clue abroad a drying, and make a brauer ſhew with them, then ſo many banners and ſtreamers diſplayed againſt the Sunne on a mountaine top.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]to annoy persistently
|
Noun
[edit]pester (plural pesters)
- A bother or nuisance.
- 2017, Samuel J. Archer, Will There Be Another Lincoln, Nixon, Johnson or Kennedy?, page 15:
- By now I presumed I had become a real pester.
Anagrams
[edit]Breton
[edit]Noun
[edit]pester
Dutch
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]pester m (plural pesters, diminutive pestertje n)
- a bully (person who bullies or pesters somebody)
Synonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]French
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]pester
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of pester (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | pester | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | pestant /pɛs.tɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | pesté /pɛs.te/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | peste /pɛst/ |
pestes /pɛst/ |
peste /pɛst/ |
pestons /pɛs.tɔ̃/ |
pestez /pɛs.te/ |
pestent /pɛst/ |
imperfect | pestais /pɛs.tɛ/ |
pestais /pɛs.tɛ/ |
pestait /pɛs.tɛ/ |
pestions /pɛs.tjɔ̃/ |
pestiez /pɛs.tje/ |
pestaient /pɛs.tɛ/ | |
past historic2 | pestai /pɛs.te/ |
pestas /pɛs.ta/ |
pesta /pɛs.ta/ |
pestâmes /pɛs.tam/ |
pestâtes /pɛs.tat/ |
pestèrent /pɛs.tɛʁ/ | |
future | pesterai /pɛs.tə.ʁe/ |
pesteras /pɛs.tə.ʁa/ |
pestera /pɛs.tə.ʁa/ |
pesterons /pɛs.tə.ʁɔ̃/ |
pesterez /pɛs.tə.ʁe/ |
pesteront /pɛs.tə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | pesterais /pɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ |
pesterais /pɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ |
pesterait /pɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ |
pesterions /pɛs.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
pesteriez /pɛs.tə.ʁje/ |
pesteraient /pɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | peste /pɛst/ |
pestes /pɛst/ |
peste /pɛst/ |
pestions /pɛs.tjɔ̃/ |
pestiez /pɛs.tje/ |
pestent /pɛst/ |
imperfect2 | pestasse /pɛs.tas/ |
pestasses /pɛs.tas/ |
pestât /pɛs.ta/ |
pestassions /pɛs.ta.sjɔ̃/ |
pestassiez /pɛs.ta.sje/ |
pestassent /pɛs.tas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | peste /pɛst/ |
— | pestons /pɛs.tɔ̃/ |
pestez /pɛs.te/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Further reading
[edit]- “pester”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams
[edit]Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Noun
[edit]pester m or f
- indefinite plural of pest
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]pester m or f
Slovene
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Slavic *pьstrъ (“variegated”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]pẹ́stər (comparative pẹ́strejši, superlative nȁjpẹ́strejši)
Inflection
[edit]Hard | |||
---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nom. sing. | péster | péstra | péstro |
singular | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | péster ind péstri def |
péstra | péstro |
genitive | péstrega | péstre | péstrega |
dative | péstremu | péstri | péstremu |
accusative | nominativeinan or genitiveanim |
péstro | péstro |
locative | péstrem | péstri | péstrem |
instrumental | péstrim | péstro | péstrim |
dual | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | péstra | péstri | péstri |
genitive | péstrih | péstrih | péstrih |
dative | péstrima | péstrima | péstrima |
accusative | péstra | péstri | péstri |
locative | péstrih | péstrih | péstrih |
instrumental | péstrima | péstrima | péstrima |
plural | |||
masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | péstri | péstre | péstra |
genitive | péstrih | péstrih | péstrih |
dative | péstrim | péstrim | péstrim |
accusative | péstre | péstre | péstra |
locative | péstrih | péstrih | péstrih |
instrumental | péstrimi | péstrimi | péstrimi |
Further reading
[edit]- “pester”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
- “pester”, in Termania, Amebis
- See also the general references
Categories:
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Old French
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/ɛstə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɛstə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with obsolete senses
- English intransitive verbs
- English terms with quotations
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- Breton non-lemma forms
- Breton noun forms
- Dutch terms suffixed with -er (agent noun)
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio pronunciation
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -s
- Dutch masculine nouns
- French terms suffixed with -er
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Bokmål noun forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk noun forms
- Slovene terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Slovene 2-syllable words
- Slovene terms with IPA pronunciation
- Slovene lemmas
- Slovene adjectives