hydrochloric acid

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hydrochloric acid

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hydrochloric acid (countable and uncountable, plural hydrochloric acids)

1. (inorganic chemistry) A strong acid made by dissolving the gas hydrogen chloride in water. It reacts with alkalis, bases and many metals to form chlorides; it has many industrial applications.

   Synonyms: (when used as an acidity regulator) E507, muriatic acid, spirit of salt, spirits of salts, swimming pool acid

   • 1880, William Blades, The Enemies of Books, page 92:

     If not sufficiently purified, a little hydrochloric or oxalic acid, or caustic potash may be put in the water, according as the stains are from grease or from ink.

   • 1905, Georg Lunge, Alfred Isaac Cohn, Techno‐Chemical Analysis, John Wiley & Sons, pages 57–58:

     In the case of nitric acid, however, the employment of the aræometer introduces far greater errors than when it is used for sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, and in most other cases, as the concentrated nitric acids as a rule always contain nitrogen tetroxide in solution, the quantity being seldom less than 1 per cent., but more generally several per cent., which makes its strength when taken with the aræometer seem greater than it actually is.