Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/winiz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wenh₁-i-s, an i-stem nominal formation from *wenh₁- (“to wish, seek, desire, love, win”). Cognate with Latin Venus (“love, beauty, grace, charm”).^[1]

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ˈwi.niz/

Noun

*winiz m

loved one, friend
Synonym: *frijōndz

Antonym: *fijandz

Inflection

i-stemDeclension of *winiz (i-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*winiz	*winīz
vocative	*wini	*winīz
accusative	*winį	*wininz
genitive	*winīz	*winjǫ̂
dative	*winī	*winimaz
instrumental	*winī	*winimiz

Derived terms

Descendants

Proto-West Germanic: *wini
- Old English: wine
  - Middle English: wine
    - ⇒ English: (a component found in names – Baldwin, Godwin, Irwin, etc.)
- Old Frisian: wine
  - North Frisian: wenn
- Old Saxon: wini
- Old High German: wini
  - Middle High German: wine, win
Proto-Norse: ᚹᛁᚾᛁᛉ (winiʀ), ᚢᛁᚾᛁᛉ (uiniʀ) — alternative spelling
- Old Norse: vinr
  - Icelandic: vinur
  - Faroese: vinur
  - Norwegian Nynorsk: ven, vin
    - Russenorsk: væn, ven, venn
  - Old Swedish: vin
    - Swedish: vän
  - Old Danish: win
    - Danish: ven
      - Norwegian Bokmål: venn
        → Norwegian Nynorsk: venn
⇒ Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐍄𐍅𐌹𐌽𐍃 (batwins)

References

^ Guus Kroonen (2013) “*weni-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 579

[1] Guus Kroonen (2013) “*weni-”, in Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 579

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