sa-: difference between revisions
m remove Proto-Nguni from etymologies in which Proto-Bantu is mentioned ([[WT:RFDO#Category:Proto-Nguni language]]) |
m rename {{non-gloss definition}} to {{non-gloss}} per Wiktionary:Requests_for_moves,_mergers_and_splits#Template:non-gloss_definition_->_Template:non-gloss_and_remove_aliases_'ngd'_and_'non-gloss_definition' |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{m|bjn|sa}}, shortened form of {{m|bjn|asa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-mly-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-mcm-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-msa |
From {{m|bjn|sa}}, shortened form of {{m|bjn|asa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-mly-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-mcm-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-msa-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|bjn|poz-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|bjn|map-pro|*əsa}}. |
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===Prefix=== |
===Prefix=== |
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# [[one]] |
# [[one]] |
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---- |
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==Choctaw== |
==Choctaw== |
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{{head|cho|prefix|before a/o|si-|class II first-person singular}} |
{{head|cho|prefix|before a/o|si-|class II first-person singular}} |
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# {{non-gloss |
# {{non-gloss|the [[direct object]] of an active transitive verb}} |
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#: me |
#: me |
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# {{non-gloss |
# {{non-gloss|the [[subject]] of a [[stative]] intransitive verb}} |
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#: I |
#: I |
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# {{non-gloss |
# {{non-gloss|indicates possession of a noun}} |
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#: my |
#: my |
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====Inflection==== |
====Inflection==== |
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{{cho-person marker}} |
{{cho-person marker}} |
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---- |
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==Latvian== |
==Latvian== |
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====Derived terms==== |
====Derived terms==== |
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{{prefixsee|lv}} |
{{prefixsee|lv}} |
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---- |
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==Malay== |
==Malay== |
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{{cardinalbox|ms|0|1|2|kosong|dua}} |
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⚫ | |||
* {{alter|ms|esa|ĕsă|[[se]]([[se-|-]])|[[sĕ]]([[sĕ-|-]])|[[să]]([[să-|-]])}} |
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* {{alter|ms|اسا|س|س-||Arabic script}} |
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⚫ | |||
From {{m|ms|sa}}, shortened form of {{m|ms|esa}}, from {{inh|ms|poz-mly-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|ms|poz-mcm-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|ms|poz-msa-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|ms|poz-sus-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|ms|poz-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|ms|map-pro|*əsa}}. |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
===Prefix=== |
===Prefix=== |
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{{head|ms|prefix}} |
{{head|ms|prefix}} |
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# {{lb|ms|pre-1972}} {{ |
# {{lb|ms|pre-1972}} {{obsolete spelling of|ms|se-}} |
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---- |
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==Minangkabau== |
==Minangkabau== |
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===Etymology=== |
===Etymology=== |
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From {{m|min|sa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-mly-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-mcm-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-msa |
From {{m|min|sa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-mly-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-mcm-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-msa-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|min|poz-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|min|map-pro|*əsa}}. |
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===Prefix=== |
===Prefix=== |
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* {{l|min|ciek}} |
* {{l|min|ciek}} |
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==Mohawk== |
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---- |
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===Prefix=== |
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{{moh-prefix|patient}} |
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# {{ng|pronominal prefix for}} |
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#: '''you''' ______ {{q|patient}} |
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⚫ | |||
{{moh-prefix-forms}} |
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===Prefix=== |
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{{moh-prefix|possesive}} |
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# {{ng|[[second person]] [[singular]] [[possessive]] prefix}} |
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#: '''your''' ______ |
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===References=== |
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* {{R:moh:Deering:1976|page=198}} |
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==Northern Ndebele== |
==Northern Ndebele== |
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# [[of]]; {{n-g|class 7 possessive concord.}} |
# [[of]]; {{n-g|class 7 possessive concord.}} |
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==Old Javanese== |
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---- |
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⚫ | |||
{{inh+|kaw|poz-pro|*əsa}}, from {{inh|kaw|map-pro|*əsa}}. |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
===Prefix=== |
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{{head|kaw|prefix}} |
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# {{cln|kaw|cardinal numbers}} {{l|en|one}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
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{{prefixsee|kaw}} |
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===Further reading=== |
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* {{R:Zoetmulder 1982}} |
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==Southern Ndebele== |
==Southern Ndebele== |
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# [[of]]; {{n-g|class 7 possessive concord.}} |
# [[of]]; {{n-g|class 7 possessive concord.}} |
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---- |
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==Swazi== |
==Swazi== |
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# [[of]]; {{n-g|class 7 possessive concord.}} |
# [[of]]; {{n-g|class 7 possessive concord.}} |
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==Tagalog== |
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---- |
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===Etymology=== |
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[[prefix|Prefix]] form of {{m|tl|sa}}. |
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===Prefix=== |
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{{tl-head|prefix|b=+}} |
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# {{n-g|forms terms to denote a [[method]] or [[means]] to a [[purpose]]}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|puso|sapuso|gloss1=heart|gloss2=act of having put to heart}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|ilalim|sailalim|gloss1=below|gloss2=act of undergoing}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|malamig|samalamig|gloss1=cold|gloss2=cold beverage}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|inyo|sainyo|gloss1=yours|gloss2=act of signing off or used to close a letter; [[yours truly]]}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|makatuwid|samakatwid|gloss1=to be able to straighten|gloss2=therefore}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|makalawa|samakalawa|gloss1=twice|gloss2=day after tomorrow}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|una|sauna|gloss1=first|gloss2=of the old generation}} |
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# {{lb|tl|{{m|tl|may}}—}} {{n-g|forms terms denoting possession of quality or characteristic}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|pusa|may sa-pusa|gloss1=cat|gloss2=resembling a cat}} |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|pagong|may sa-pagong|gloss1=turtle|gloss2=resembling a turtle}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
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{{prefixsee|tl}} |
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{{der3|tl|-sa-|isa-|nagsa-|magsa-|pagsa-|pagsasa-|pasa-|napasa-|mapasa-|sa- -an|suma-|sina-}} |
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===Prefix=== |
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{{tl-head|prefix|sá-|b=+}} |
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# {{lb|tl|with reduplicated root, CVr-}} {{n-g|forms terms to denote suddenness of the action}}: [[suddenly]]; [[unexpectedly]]; [[without]] [[notice]] |
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#: {{prefixusex|tl|basa|sababasa|gloss1=read|gloss2=suddenly read}} |
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#: {{ux|tl|Nahihimbing ako'y '''sababasa''' siya nang malakas na aking ikinagising.|I was sleeping then they '''suddenly read aloud''' that I woke up from.}} |
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====Derived terms==== |
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{{prefixsee|tl}} |
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==Xhosa== |
==Xhosa== |
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=====Usage notes===== |
=====Usage notes===== |
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The prefix is attached to the verb stem, before any object concord but after the subject concord, and replaces the {{m|xh|-ya-}} infix of the present tense. With nonverbs (adverbs, adjectives copulative nouns etc.) the variant {{m|xh|se-}} is used. |
The prefix is attached to the verb stem, before any object concord but after the subject concord, and replaces the {{m|xh|-ya-}} infix of the present tense. With nonverbs (adverbs, adjectives copulative nouns etc.) the variant {{m|xh|se-}} is used. |
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---- |
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==Zulu== |
==Zulu== |
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===Etymology 1=== |
===Etymology 1=== |
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From {{inh|zu|bnt-pro|* |
From {{inh|zu|bnt-pro|*kɪ́á-}}. |
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====Prefix==== |
====Prefix==== |
Latest revision as of 07:51, 5 October 2024
Banjarese
[edit]< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
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Cardinal : sa- | ||
Etymology
[edit]From sa, shortened form of asa, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
Choctaw
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- sʋ (traditional)
Prefix
[edit]sa- (before a/o si-, class II first-person singular)
- the direct object of an active transitive verb
- me
- the subject of a stative intransitive verb
- I
- indicates possession of a noun
- my
Usage notes
[edit]Class II person markers are used for possession only for a small set of words, mostly including kinship terms and body parts.
Inflection
[edit]class I | class II | class III | class N | imperative | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
+s | +C | +V | +C/i | +a/o | +C | +V | +C | +V | +C | +V | |||
first-person | singular | initial | -li | sa- | si- | a̱- | am- | ak- | n/a | ||||
medial | -sa- | -sam- | |||||||||||
paucal | ī- | il- | pi- | pi̱- | pim- | kī- | kil- | ||||||
plural | hapi- | hapi̱- | hapim- | ||||||||||
second-person | singular | is- | ish- | chi- | chi̱- | chim- | chik- | ∅ | |||||
plural | has- | hash- | hachi- | hachi̱- | hachim- | hachik- | ho- | oh- | |||||
third-person | ∅ | ∅ | i̱- | im- | ik- |
Latvian
[edit]Prefix
[edit]sa-
- Usually found on verbs or nouns, originally a generic meaning of 'togetherness', now sometimes only a marker of perfective aspect (compare Russian с- (s-), со- (so-)).
Derived terms
[edit]Malay
[edit]Prefix
[edit]sa-
Minangkabau
[edit]< 0 | 1 | 2 > |
---|---|---|
Cardinal : sa- | ||
Etymology
[edit]From sa, from Proto-Malayic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Chamic *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan *əsa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
Synonyms
[edit]Mohawk
[edit]Prefix
[edit]sa-
- pronominal prefix for
- you ______ (patient)
Alternative forms
[edit]- | Initial consonant | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Environment | t/s/h/k | n/r/w/’ | a | e/en | o/on | i | y |
Word-Initial | sa- | sa- | s- | s- | s- | sen- | sa- |
Prefix
[edit]sa-
- second person singular possessive prefix
- your ______
References
[edit]- Nora Deering, Helga H. Delisle (1976) Mohawk: A teaching grammar (preliminary version), Quebec: Manitou College, page 198
Northern Ndebele
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *kíá-.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
- of; class 7 possessive concord.
Old Javanese
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *əsa, from Proto-Austronesian *əsa.
Pronunciation
[edit]Prefix
[edit]sa-
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- "sa-" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.
Southern Ndebele
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *kíá-.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
- of; class 7 possessive concord.
Swazi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *kíá-.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
- of; class 7 possessive concord.
Tagalog
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Prefix
[edit]sa- (Baybayin spelling ᜐ)
- forms terms to denote a method or means to a purpose
- sa- + puso (“heart”) → sapuso (“act of having put to heart”)
- sa- + ilalim (“below”) → sailalim (“act of undergoing”)
- sa- + malamig (“cold”) → samalamig (“cold beverage”)
- sa- + inyo (“yours”) → sainyo (“act of signing off or used to close a letter; yours truly”)
- sa- + makatuwid (“to be able to straighten”) → samakatwid (“therefore”)
- sa- + makalawa (“twice”) → samakalawa (“day after tomorrow”)
- sa- + una (“first”) → sauna (“of the old generation”)
- (may—) forms terms denoting possession of quality or characteristic
- sa- + pusa (“cat”) → may sa-pusa (“resembling a cat”)
- sa- + pagong (“turtle”) → may sa-pagong (“resembling a turtle”)
Derived terms
[edit]Prefix
[edit]sá- (Baybayin spelling ᜐ)
- (with reduplicated root, CVr-) forms terms to denote suddenness of the action: suddenly; unexpectedly; without notice
Derived terms
[edit]Xhosa
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *kíá-.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
- of; class 7 possessive concord.
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
[edit]sa-
Usage notes
[edit]The prefix is attached to the verb stem, before any object concord but after the subject concord, and replaces the -ya- infix of the present tense. With nonverbs (adverbs, adjectives copulative nouns etc.) the variant se- is used.
Zulu
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Proto-Bantu *kɪ́á-.
Prefix
[edit]sa-
- of; class 7 possessive concord.
Etymology 2
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
[edit]sá-
Usage notes
[edit]The prefix is attached to the verb stem, before any object concord but after the subject concord, and replaces the -ya- infix of the present tense. With nonverbs (adverbs, adjectives copulative nouns etc.) the variant se- is used.
Etymology 3
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Prefix
[edit]sa-
References
[edit]- C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “sa-”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “sa-”
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Chamic
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Chamic
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Banjarese lemmas
- Banjarese prefixes
- Banjarese numerals
- Banjarese cardinal numbers
- Choctaw lemmas
- Choctaw prefixes
- Latvian lemmas
- Latvian prefixes
- Malay lemmas
- Malay prefixes
- Malay 1924-1972 forms
- Malay obsolete forms
- Minangkabau terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Minangkabau terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Minangkabau terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Chamic
- Minangkabau terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Chamic
- Minangkabau terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan
- Minangkabau terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Sumbawan
- Minangkabau terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Minangkabau terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Minangkabau terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Minangkabau terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Minangkabau lemmas
- Minangkabau prefixes
- Minangkabau numerals
- Minangkabau cardinal numbers
- Mohawk lemmas
- Mohawk prefixes
- Mohawk patient pronominal prefixes
- Northern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Northern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Northern Ndebele lemmas
- Northern Ndebele prefixes
- Northern Ndebele possessive concords
- Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Old Javanese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Old Javanese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Old Javanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Javanese lemmas
- Old Javanese prefixes
- Old Javanese cardinal numbers
- Southern Ndebele terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Southern Ndebele terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Southern Ndebele lemmas
- Southern Ndebele prefixes
- Southern Ndebele possessive concords
- Swazi terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Swazi terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Swazi lemmas
- Swazi prefixes
- Swazi possessive concords
- Tagalog lemmas
- Tagalog prefixes
- Tagalog terms with Baybayin script
- Tagalog terms with usage examples
- Xhosa terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Xhosa terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Xhosa lemmas
- Xhosa prefixes
- Xhosa possessive concords
- Zulu terms inherited from Proto-Bantu
- Zulu terms derived from Proto-Bantu
- Zulu lemmas
- Zulu prefixes
- Zulu possessive concords
- Zulu verb prefixes