lift: difference between revisions

• enPR: lĭft, IPA^(key): /lɪft/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪft

From Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz). Cognate with Danish and Norwegian Bokmål løfte (“to lift”), Norwegian Nynorsk and Swedish lyfta (“to lift”), German lüften (“to air, lift”), Old English lyft (“air”). See above. 1851 for the noun sense "a mechanical device for vertical transport".

(To steal): For this sense Cleasby suggests perhaps a relation to the root of Gothic 𐌷𐌻𐌹𐍆𐍄𐌿𐍃 (hliftus) "thief", cognate with Latin cleptus and Greek κλέπτω (kléptō)).^[1]

lift (third-person singular simple present lifts, present participle lifting, simple past lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift, past participle lifted or (rare, regional, obsolete) lift or (obsolete) yleft)

2. (transitive, intransitive) To raise or rise.

   The fog eventually lifted, leaving the streets clear.

   You never lift a finger to help me!

   • c. 1490, Of Penance and Confession be master Jhon Yrlandː

     Liftand (lifting) thy hands and thy eyen to Heaven.

   • 1900, Charles W[addell] Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company […], →OCLC:

     Their walk had continued not more than ten minutes when they crossed a creek by a wooden bridge and came to a row of mean houses standing flush with the street. At the door of one, an old black woman had stooped to lift a large basket, piled high with laundered clothes.

   • 2015 February 7, Val Bourne, “The quiet man of the world of snowdrops”, in The Daily Telegraph (London), page G8:

     Once it [a snowdrop variety] became established, some bulbs were lifted and passed on to be chipped (i.e. cut into small pieces and grown on).

4. (transitive, slang) To steal.
   • 1919, Rudyard Kipling, The Ballad of East and West:

     Kamal is out with twenty men to raise the Border side,
     And he has lifted the Colonel's mare that is the Colonel's pride.

   • 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter VI, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:

     “Wilbert Cream is a ... what's the word?” I referred to the letter. “A kleptomaniac […] Does any thought occur to you?” “It most certainly does. I am thinking of your uncle's collection of old silver.” “Me, too.” “It presents a grave temptation to the unhappy young man.” “I don't know that I'd call him unhappy. He probably thoroughly enjoys lifting the stuff.”

6. (transitive, slang) To source directly without acknowledgement; to plagiarise.
   • 2018, James Lambert, “Anglo-Indian slang in dictionaries on historical principles”, in World Englishes, volume 37, page 258:

     Based on a similarity across a range of Anglo-Indian entries in these three dictionaries, it appears that (along with other lexis) Barrère and Leland (1898) copied this entry from Hotten (1864), who had in turn lifted it directly from Stocqueler (1848).

8. (transitive, slang) To arrest (a person).
   • 2000, Marie Smyth, Marie-Therese Fay, Personal Accounts From Northern Ireland's Troubles:

     Maybe the police lifted him and he's in Castlereagh [Interrogation Centre] because he'd been lifted three or four times previously and took to Castlereagh. They used to come in and raid the house and take him away.

10. (transitive) To remove (a ban, restriction, etc.).
12. (transitive) To alleviate, to lighten (pressure, tension, stress, etc.)
    • 2011 September 24, David Ornstein, “Arsenal 3 - 0 Bolton”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

      The Gunners boss has been heavily criticised for his side's poor start to the Premier League season but this result helps lift the pressure.

13. (transitive) to cause to move upwards.
    • 2011 October 2, Aled Williams, “Swansea 2 - 0 Stoke”, in BBC Sport Wales‎^[2]:

      Graham secured victory with five minutes left, coolly lifting the ball over Asmir Begovic.

15. (informal, intransitive) To lift weights; to weight-lift.

    She lifts twice a week at the gym.

16. To try to raise something; to exert the strength for raising or bearing.
    • a. 1705, John Locke, “Of the Conduct of the Understanding”, in Posthumous Works of Mr. John Locke: […], London: […] A[wnsham] and J[ohn] Churchill, […], published 1706, →OCLC:

      strained by lifting at a weight too heavy

17. To elevate or improve in rank, condition, etc.; often with up.
    • 1712 (date written), [Joseph] Addison, Cato, a Tragedy. […], London: […] J[acob] Tonson, […], published 1713, →OCLC, Act I, scene i, page 1:

      The Roman virtues lift up mortal man.

    • 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Timothy 3:6:

      being lifted up with pride

18. (obsolete) To bear; to support.
    • 1590, Edmund Spenser, “Book I, Canto XI”, in The Faerie Queene. […], London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

      Th' earth him underneath
      Did grone, as feeble so great load to lift.

19. To collect, as moneys due; to raise.
20. (programming) To transform (a function) into a corresponding function in a different context.
    • 2021, Dean Wampler, chapter 2, in Programming Scala, 3rd edition, O'Reilly, →ISBN:

      Finally, we can lift a partial function into a regular (total) function that returns an Option or a Some(value) when the partial function is defined for the input argument or None when it isn't.

21. (finance) To buy a security or other asset previously offered for sale.
22. (hunting, transitive) To take (hounds) off the existing scent and move them to another spot.
    • 1885, Lina Chaworth Musters, Book of Hunting Songs and Sport, page 144:

      I lifted the hounds (hoping to catch the leading ones there) to the far side of Hallaton Thorns.

23. (category theory, transitive) Given morphisms ${\displaystyle f}$ and ${\displaystyle g}$ with the same target: To produce a morphism which the given morphism factors through (i.e. a morphism ${\displaystyle h}$ such that ${\displaystyle f=g\circ h}$; c.f. lift n.18)

Lift also has an obsolete form liftand for the present participle. The strong forms were common until the 17th century in writing and still survive in speech in a few rural dialects.

• airlift

lift (countable and uncountable, plural lifts)

1. An act of lifting or raising.
2. The act of transporting someone in a vehicle; a ride; a trip.

   Synonym: ride

   He gave me a lift to the bus station.

   • 1913, Arthur Conan Doyle, “(please specify the page)”, in The Poison Belt […], London; New York, N.Y.: Hodder and Stoughton, →OCLC:

     Accordingly, in spite of many grumbles and remonstrances from Summerlee, I ordered an additional tube, which was placed with the other in his motor-car, for he had offered me a lift to Victoria.

3. (UK, Australia and New Zealand, puristic elsewhere) Mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building.

   Synonym: (US, Canada, Australia) elevator

   Take the lift to the fourth floor.

5. An upward force; especially, the force (generated by wings, rotary wings, or airfoils) that keeps aircraft aloft.

   Coordinate term: liftup

6. (measurement) The difference in elevation between the upper pool and lower pool of a waterway, separated by lock.
7. (historical slang) A thief.
   • 1977, Gãmini Salgãdo, The Elizabethan Underworld, Folio Society, published 2006, page 32:

     The lift came into the shop dressed like a country gentleman, but was careful not to have a cloak about him, so that the tradesman could see he had no opportunity to conceal any goods about his person.

8. (dance) The lifting of a dance partner into the air.
9. Permanent construction with a built-in platform that is lifted vertically.
10. (figurative) An improvement in mood.
    • 2010, Anne Baker, With a Little Luck:

      Just to think he had both a mistress and a wife gave him a lift. He needed a lift, for although he'd had promotion, his wasn't an exciting job.

    • 2012 November 17, “Arsenal 5-2 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport‎^[3]:

      The dismissal of a player who left Arsenal for Manchester City before joining Tottenham gave the home players and fans a noticeable lift.

11. The amount or weight to be lifted.

    What's the maximum lift of this crane?

12. The space or distance through which anything is lifted.^[2]
13. A rise; a degree of elevation.^[2]

    the lift of a lock in canals

14. A liftgate.
15. (nautical) A rope leading from the masthead to the extremity of a yard below, and used for raising or supporting the end of the yard.^[2]
16. (engineering) One of the steps of a cone pulley.^[2]
17. (shoemaking) A layer of leather in the heel of a shoe.^[2]
18. (horology) That portion of the vibration of a balance during which the impulse is given.^[2]
    • 1887, Claudius Saunier, A Treatise on Modern Horology in Theory and Practice:

      some measure the total lift and others only the lift on one side , a quantity which is not exactly half of the total lift

20. (category theory) A morphism which some given morphism factors through; i.e. given a pair of morphisms ${\displaystyle f:X\to Y}$ and ${\displaystyle g:Z\to Y}$, a morphism ${\displaystyle h}$ such that ${\displaystyle f=g\circ h}$. (In this case ${\displaystyle h}$ is said to be a lift of ${\displaystyle f}$ via ${\displaystyle Z}$ or via ${\displaystyle g}$).
    • 2001, Allen Hatcher, Algebraic Topology, page 69:

      For a covering space ${\displaystyle p:{\tilde {X}}\to X}$ a path ${\displaystyle \gamma }$ [i.e. a continuous map ${\displaystyle [0,1]\to X}$] in ${\displaystyle X}$ has a unique lift ${\displaystyle {\tilde {\gamma }}}$ starting at a given point of ${\displaystyle p^{-1}(\gamma (0))}$

• → Cantonese: 𨋢／䢂 (lip¹)
• → Dutch: lift
  • → Papiamentu: left
• → Malay: lif
• → Russian: лифт (lift)
  • → Armenian: լիֆտ (lift)
  • → Georgian: ლიფტი (lipṭi)
  • → Kazakh: лифт (lift)
  • → Mongolian: лифт (lift)
  • → Uyghur: لىفت (lift)
  • → Uzbek: lift
  • → Yakut: лифт (lift)
• → Swahili: lifti
• → Swedish: lift

• escalator

• The Dictionary of the Scots Language

From Middle English lifte, luft, lefte (“air, sky, heaven”), from Old English lyft (“atmosphere, air”), from Proto-West Germanic *luftu, from Proto-Germanic *luftuz (“roof, sky, air”), from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”).

Cognate with Old High German luft (“air”) (German Luft), Dutch lucht (“air”), Old Norse lopt, loft (“upper room, sky, air”). Doublet of loft and luft.

lift (usually uncountable, plural lifts)

1. (UK dialectal, chiefly Scotland) Air.
2. (UK dialectal, chiefly Scotland) The sky; the heavens; firmament; atmosphere.
   • 1836, Joanna Baillie, Witchcraft, act 1, page 13:

     No, no, Leddy! the sun maun be up in the lift whan I venture to her den.

• (gas or vapour breathed): air
• (firmament, ethereal region surrounding the earth): atmosphere
• (the heavens, sky): welkin

• “lift”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
• “lift”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “lift”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.

• ILTF, flit

lift (definite accusative lifti, plural liftlər)

1. lift

Declension of lift
	singular	plural
nominative	lift	liftlər
definite accusative	lifti	liftləri
dative	liftə	liftlərə
locative	liftdə	liftlərdə
ablative	liftdən	liftlərdən
definite genitive	liftin	liftlərin

Possessive forms of lift
	nominative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	liftim	liftlərim
sənin (“your”)	liftin	liftlərin
onun (“his/her/its”)	lifti	liftləri
bizim (“our”)	liftimiz	liftlərimiz
sizin (“your”)	liftiniz	liftləriniz
onların (“their”)	lifti or liftləri	liftləri
	accusative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	liftimi	liftlərimi
sənin (“your”)	liftini	liftlərini
onun (“his/her/its”)	liftini	liftlərini
bizim (“our”)	liftimizi	liftlərimizi
sizin (“your”)	liftinizi	liftlərinizi
onların (“their”)	liftini or liftlərini	liftlərini
	dative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	liftimə	liftlərimə
sənin (“your”)	liftinə	liftlərinə
onun (“his/her/its”)	liftinə	liftlərinə
bizim (“our”)	liftimizə	liftlərimizə
sizin (“your”)	liftinizə	liftlərinizə
onların (“their”)	liftinə or liftlərinə	liftlərinə
	locative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	liftimdə	liftlərimdə
sənin (“your”)	liftində	liftlərində
onun (“his/her/its”)	liftində	liftlərində
bizim (“our”)	liftimizdə	liftlərimizdə
sizin (“your”)	liftinizdə	liftlərinizdə
onların (“their”)	liftində or liftlərində	liftlərində
	ablative
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	liftimdən	liftlərimdən
sənin (“your”)	liftindən	liftlərindən
onun (“his/her/its”)	liftindən	liftlərindən
bizim (“our”)	liftimizdən	liftlərimizdən
sizin (“your”)	liftinizdən	liftlərinizdən
onların (“their”)	liftindən or liftlərindən	liftlərindən
	genitive
	singular	plural
mənim (“my”)	liftimin	liftlərimin
sənin (“your”)	liftinin	liftlərinin
onun (“his/her/its”)	liftinin	liftlərinin
bizim (“our”)	liftimizin	liftlərimizin
sizin (“your”)	liftinizin	liftlərinizin
onların (“their”)	liftinin or liftlərinin	liftlərinin

• “lift” in Obastan.com.

For pronunciation and definitions of lift – see 𨋢 (“elevator; lift”). (This term is a variant form of 𨋢).

From English lift.

lift n (singular definite liftet, plural indefinite lift)

1. The non-commercial act of transporting someone in a vehicle: ride
2. boost

lift c (singular definite liften, plural indefinite lifte or lifter)

1. carrycot
2. elevator
3. lift

• IPA^(key): /lɪft/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: lift
• Rhymes: -ɪft

Borrowed from British English lift.

lift m (plural liften, diminutive liftje n)

1. A lift, an elevator.
2. A free ride, a lift.

• goederenlift
• rolstoellift
• skilift
• stoeltjeslift
• traplift

• liften

• → Papiamentu: left

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

lift

1. inflection of liften:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present indicative
   2. imperative

From British English lift.

• IPA^(key): /ˈlift/

lift (genitive lifti, partitive lifti)

1. lift, elevator

Declension of lift (ÕS type 22u/leib, length gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		lift	liftid
accusative	nom.
	gen.	lifti
genitive			liftide
partitive		lifti	liftu liftisid
illative		lifti liftisse	liftidesse liftusse
inessive		liftis	liftides liftus
elative		liftist	liftidest liftust
allative		liftile	liftidele liftule
adessive		liftil	liftidel liftul
ablative		liftilt	liftidelt liftult
translative		liftiks	liftideks liftuks
terminative		liftini	liftideni
essive		liftina	liftidena
abessive		liftita	liftideta
comitative		liftiga	liftidega

Borrowed from English lift.

• Audio (Canada):

  (file)

lift m (plural lifts)

1. (obsolete) lift attendant (UK), elevator attendant (US)
   • 1919, Marcel Proust, À l'ombre des jeunes filles en fleurs:

     Sans la timidité ni la tristesse du soir de mon arrivée, je sonnai le lift qui ne restait plus silencieux pendant que je m'élevais à côté de lui dans l'ascenseur […] .

     Without the timidity or sadness of the evening I arrived, I rang for the lift attendant, who no longer remained silent as I travelled up beside him in the elevator.

2. (sports) topspin

• “lift”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Borrowed from British English lift.

• IPA^(key): [ˈlift]
• Hyphenation: lift
• Rhymes: -ift

lift (plural liftek)

1. lift, elevator

   Synonym: (formal) felvonó

   Hyponym: (a slow, continuously moving lift or elevator) páternoszter

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	lift	liftek
accusative	liftet	lifteket
dative	liftnek	lifteknek
instrumental	lifttel	liftekkel
causal-final	liftért	liftekért
translative	liftté	liftekké
terminative	liftig	liftekig
essive-formal	liftként	liftekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	liftben	liftekben
superessive	liften	lifteken
adessive	liftnél	lifteknél
illative	liftbe	liftekbe
sublative	liftre	liftekre
allative	lifthez	liftekhez
elative	liftből	liftekből
delative	liftről	liftekről
ablative	lifttől	liftektől
non-attributive possessive - singular	lifté	lifteké
non-attributive possessive - plural	liftéi	liftekéi

Possessive forms of lift
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	liftem	liftjeim
2nd person sing.	lifted	liftjeid
3rd person sing.	liftje	liftjei
1st person plural	liftünk	liftjeink
2nd person plural	liftetek	liftjeitek
3rd person plural	liftjük	liftjeik

• lift in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

From British English lift, from Middle English liften, lyften, from Old Norse lypta (“to lift, air”, literally “to raise in the air”), from Proto-Germanic *luftijaną (“to raise in the air”), related to *luftuz (“roof, air”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *lewp- (“to peel, break off, damage”) or from a root meaning roof (see *luftuz).

• IPA^(key): [ˈlɪf]
• Rhymes: -lɪf, -ɪf, -f
• Hyphenation: lift

lift (plural lift-lift, first-person possessive liftku, second-person possessive liftmu, third-person possessive liftnya)

1. lift, mechanical device for vertically transporting goods or people between floors in a building; an elevator.

• lif (Standard Malay)

• “lift” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Pseudo-anglicism. In sense 1, a clipping of English liftboy. In sense 2, a transferred sense of English lift.

lift m (invariable)

1. lift / elevator operator
2. (tennis) topspin

• liftare

• luft, left, leoft

From Old English lyft.

• IPA^(key): /lift/

lift

1. left

• English: left
• Yola: left

• “lift, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

From Middle English lift, luft, from Old English lyft.

• lyft, luft, lifte, lyfft

lift

1. sky, firmament
2. air, atmosphere

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• lyft

lift

1. act of lifting

• “lift”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

Borrowed from British English lift, French lift.

• IPA^(key): /lift/

lift n (plural lifturi)

1. elevator, lift

   Synonym: ascensor

2. (tennis, table tennis, volleyball) A stroke that gives the ball an upward trajection.

• aerlift
• lift spațial

• luft

Inherited from Middle Scots lift, from Middle English lift／luft, from Old English lyft.

lift (plural lifts)

1. sky, firmament

• “lift”, in The Dictionary of the Scots Language, Edinburgh: Scottish Language Dictionaries, 2004–present, →OCLC.

From British English lift.

• IPA^(key): /lîft/

lȉft m (Cyrillic spelling ли̏фт)

1. lift, elevator

   Synonym: dȉzalo

Derived from British English lift.

• IPA^(key): [ʎift]

lift m inan (genitive singular liftu, nominative plural lifty, genitive plural liftov, declension pattern of dub)

1. (colloquial) an elevator, lift

   Synonym: výťah

• liftový

• “lift”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Borrowed from English lift.

lift c

1. a ski lift

   Synonym: skidlift

   ta liften uppför fjället

   take the ski lift up the mountain

   lära sig att åka lift

   learn to ride a ski lift

2. an aerial work platform

   Synonym: skylift

3. a ride, a lift (for free, for example when hitchhiking)

   få lift någonstans

   get/hitch a ride somewhere

Compare skjuts.

• knapplift (“button lift”)
• liftkort (“lift pass”)
• replift (“ski tow”)
• skidlift (“ski lift”)
• släplift (“surface lift”)
• sittlift (“chair lift”)

• lifta (“hitchhike”)
• liftare (“hitchhiker”)

• linbana
• skjuts

• lift in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• lift in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)

Borrowed from Russian лифт (lift), from British English lift.

lift (plural liftlar)

1. elevator, lift

• liftchi
• liftyor

lift (nominative plural lifts)

1. elevator
2. altitude adjustor