ETRA

Some historical issues regarding the use of eye movements to study cognitive processes will initially be discussed. The development of eye contingent display change experiments will be reviewed and examples will be presented regarding how the ...

This paper describes a novel gaze-contingent display (GCD) using texture mapping and OpenGL. This new system has a number of key features: (a) it is platform independent, i.e. it runs on different computers and under different operating systems; (b) it ...

This paper documents the engineering of a gaze contingent therapeutic environment for the exploration and validation of a proposed rehabilitative technique addressing attention deficits in 24 to 54 months old autistic subjects. It discusses the current ...

Characterizing the location and extent of a viewer's interest, in terms of eye movement recordings, informs a range of investigations in image and scene viewing. We present an automatic data-driven method for accomplishing this, which clusters visual ...

This paper evaluates the use of Visual Deictic Reference (VDR) in Collaborative Virtual Environments (CVEs). A simple CVE capable of hosting two (or more) participants simultaneously immersed in the same virtual environment is used as the testbed. One ...

Visual information is important in surgeons' manipulative performance especially in laparoscopic surgery where tactual feedback is less than in open surgery. The study of surgeons' eye movements is an innovative way of assessing skill, in that a ...

This paper presents a new technique for extracting visual saliency from experimental eye tracking data. An eye-tracking system is employed to determine which features that a group of human observers considered to be salient when viewing a set of video ...

Calibration is one of the most tedious and often annoying aspects of many eye tracking systems. It normally consists in looking at several marks on a screen in order to collect enough data to modify the parameters of an adjustable model. Unfortunately ...

What if eye trackers could be downloaded and used immediately with standard cameras connected to a computer, without the need for an expert to setup the system? This has already the case for head trackers, so why not for eye trackers?Using components ...

Recent advancements in computer graphics hardware have made it possible to develop hardware-accelerated real-time imaging displays. This poster presents technical details of an OpenGL multitexturing approach for real-time simulation of arbitrary visual ...

The evolution of cockpit automation is associated with an increased criticality of human error because missing, ignoring, or incorrectly processing even the smallest bit of relevant information can lead to an aircraft incident or accident occurrence. ...

Models of human performance typically focus on the mental components of task processing from discrete task trials. This approach neglects the advance planning of actions and overlapping of tasks characteristic of natural settings. The present research ...

This paper describes the influence of eye blinks on frequency analysis and power spectrum difference for task-evoked pupillography and eye-movement during an experiment which consisted of ocular following tasks and oral calculation tasks with three ...

Cognitive models and empirical studies of problem solving in visuo-spatial and causal domains suggest that problem solving tasks in such domains invoke cognitive processes involving mental animation and imagery. If these internal processes are ...

The recognition ambiguity of a recognition-based user interface is inevitable. Multimodal architecture should be an effective means to reduce the ambiguity, and contribute to error avoidance and recovery, compared with a unimodal one. But does the ...

We present ECSGlasses: wearable eye contact sensing glasses that detect human eye contact. ECSGlasses report eye contact to digital devices, appliances and EyePliances in the user's attention space. Devices use this attentional cue to engage in a more ...

As ubiquitous computing becomes more prevalent, greater consideration will have to be taken on how devices interrupt us and vie for our attention. This paper describes Auramirror, an interactive art piece that raises questions of how computers use our ...

Eyetracking systems that use video-based cameras to monitor the eye and scene can be made significantly smaller thanks to tiny micro-lens video cameras. Pupil detection algorithms are generally implemented in hardware, allowing for real-time ...

Human eye gaze is a strong candidate to create a new application area based on human-computer interaction. To implement a really practical gaze-based interaction system, gaze detection must be realized without placing any restriction on the user's ...

In the study of eye movements in natural tasks, where subjects are able to freely move in their environment, it is desirable to capture a video of the surroundings of the subject not limited to a small field of view as obtained by the scene camera of an ...

This paper investigates the usability of gaze-typing systems for disabled people in a broad perspective that takes into account the usage scenarios and the particular users that these systems benefit. Design goals for a gaze-typing system are identified:...

Eye typing provides means of communication especially for people with severe disabilities. Recent research indicates that the type of feedback impacts typing speed, error rate, and the user's need to switch her gaze between the on-screen keyboard and ...

The World Wide Web has become a ubiquitous information source and communication channel. With such an extensive user population, it is imperative to understand how web users view different web pages. Based on an eye tracking study of 30 subjects on 22 ...