Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/1753326.1753333acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageschiConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

How does search behavior change as search becomes more difficult?

Published: 10 April 2010 Publication History

Abstract

Search engines make it easy to check facts online, but finding some specific kinds of information sometimes proves to be difficult. We studied the behavioral signals that suggest that a user is having trouble in a search task. First, we ran a lab study with 23 users to gain a preliminary understanding on how users' behavior changes when they struggle finding the information they're looking for. The observations were then tested with 179 participants who all completed an average of 22.3 tasks from a pool of 100 tasks. The large-scale study provided quantitative support for our qualitative observations from the lab study. When having difficulty in finding information, users start to formulate more diverse queries, they use advanced operators more, and they spend a longer time on the search result page as compared to the successful tasks. The results complement the existing body of research focusing on successful search strategies.

References

[1]
Aula, A. (2003) Query Formulation in Web Information Search. Proc. IADIS WWW/Internet 2003, 403--410.
[2]
Aula, A., Majaranta, P., and Räihä, K.-J. (2005) Eye-tracking reveals the personal styles for search result evaluation. Proceedings of Human-Computer Interaction -- INTERACT 2005, 1058--1061.
[3]
Aula, A. & Nordhausen, K. (2006) Modeling successful performance in web searching. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 57(12), 1678--1693.
[4]
Aula, A. and Siirtola, H. (2005) Hundreds of folders or one ugly pile -- strategies for information search and re-access. Proc. INTERACT 2005, 954--957.
[5]
Brand-Gruwel, S., Wopereis, I. and Vermetten, Y. (2005) Information problem solving by experts and novices: analysis of a complex cognitive skill. Computers in Human Behavior, 21, 487--508.
[6]
Downey, D., Dumais, S., Liebling, D., and Horvitz, E. (2008) Understanding the relationship between searchers' queries and information goals. CIKM'08, 449--458.
[7]
Eastman, C.M. and Jansen, B.J. (2003) Coverage, relevance, and ranking: the impact of query operators on web search engine results. ACM Transactions on Information Systems, 21(4), 383--411.
[8]
Fields, B., Keith, S. and Blandford, A. (2004) Designing for expert information finding strategies. Proc. of HCI 2004, 89--102.
[9]
Granka, L.A., Joachims, T. Gay, G. (2004) Eye-tracking analysis of user behavior in WWW search. Proc. SIGIR'04, 478--479.
[10]
Huntington, P., Nicholas, D., and Jamali, H.R. (2007) Employing log metrics to evaluate search behavior and success: case study BBC search engine. Journal of Information Science, 33(5), 584--597.
[11]
Hölscher, C. and Strube, G. (2000) Web search behavior of internet experts and newbies. Proc. WWW 2000, 337--346.
[12]
Jansen, B. and Spink, A. (2006) How are we searching the world wide web? A comparison of nine search engine transaction logs. Information Processing and Management, 42, 248--263.
[13]
Jansen, B., Spink, A. and Saracevic, T. (1998) Real life information retrieval: a study of user queries on the web. SIGIR Forum, 32(1), 5--17.
[14]
Jansen, B., Spink, A. and Saracevic, T. (2000) Real life, real users, and real needs: A study and analysis of user queries on the web. Information Processing and Management, 36(2), 207--227.
[15]
Jenkins, C., Corritore, C.L. and Wiedenbeck, S. (2003) Patterns of information seeking on the web: a qualitative study of domain expertise and web expertise. IT & Society, 1(3), 64--89.
[16]
Kamvar, M., Kellar, M., Patel, R. and Xu, Y. (2009) Computers and iPhones and mobile phones, oh my! A logs-based comparison of search users on different devices. In Proc. WWW 2009, 801--810.
[17]
Khan, K. and Locatis, C. (1998) Searching through the cyberspace: the effects of link display and link density on information retrieval from hypertext on the World Wide Web. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 49(2), 176--182.
[18]
Lazonder, A.W., Biemans, H.J.A. and Worpeis, I.G.J.H. (2000) Differences between novice and experienced users in searching information on the World Wide Web. Journal of American Society for Information Science, 51(6), 576--581.
[19]
Navarro-Prieto, R., Scaife, M. and Rogers, Y. (1999) Cognitive strategies in web searching. Proc. 5th Conference on Human Factors and the Web. Retrieved September 15, 2009, http://zing.ncsl.nist.gov/hfweb/proceedings/navarro-prieto/
[20]
Rose, D.E. and Levinson, D. (2004) Understanding user goals in Web search. In Proc. WWW 2004, 13--19.
[21]
Silverstein, C., Henzinger, M., Marais, H. and Moricz, M. (1999) Analysis of a very large web search engine query log. SIGIR Forum, 33(1), 6--12.
[22]
Saito, H. and Miwa, K. (2002) A cognitive study of information seeking processes in the WWW: the effects of searcher's knowledge and experience. Proc. WISE'01, 321--333.
[23]
Spink, A., Wolfram, D., Jansen, B.J. and Saracevic, T. (2002) From e-sex to e-commerce: web search changes. IEEE Computer, 35(3), 107--109.
[24]
Teevan, J. Alvarado, C., Ackerman, M.S. and Karger, D.R. (2004) The perfect search engine is not enough: a study of orienteering behavior in directed search. Proc. CHI'2004, 415--422.
[25]
White, R.W. and Drucker, S.M. (2007) Investigating behavioral variability in web search. Proc. WWW 2007, 21--30.
[26]
White, R.W. and Morris, D. (2007) Investigating the querying and browsing behavior of advanced search engine users. Proc. SIGIR 2007, 255--262.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Naturalistic Digital Behavior Predicts Cognitive AbilitiesACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/366034131:3(1-32)Online publication date: 7-May-2024
  • (2024)Understanding Online Job and Housing Search Practices of Neurodiverse Young Adults to Support Their IndependenceProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642578(1-14)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
  • (2024)Syntactic Variation in Reduced Registers Through the Lens of the Parallel ArchitectureTopics in Cognitive Science10.1111/tops.12747Online publication date: 4-Jul-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. How does search behavior change as search becomes more difficult?

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    CHI '10: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
    April 2010
    2690 pages
    ISBN:9781605589299
    DOI:10.1145/1753326
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 10 April 2010

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. behavioral signals
    2. difficult search tasks
    3. search engines
    4. search strategies
    5. web search

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Conference

    CHI '10
    Sponsor:

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

    Upcoming Conference

    CHI '25
    CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
    April 26 - May 1, 2025
    Yokohama , Japan

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)296
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)65
    Reflects downloads up to 13 Nov 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Naturalistic Digital Behavior Predicts Cognitive AbilitiesACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction10.1145/366034131:3(1-32)Online publication date: 7-May-2024
    • (2024)Understanding Online Job and Housing Search Practices of Neurodiverse Young Adults to Support Their IndependenceProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642578(1-14)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
    • (2024)Syntactic Variation in Reduced Registers Through the Lens of the Parallel ArchitectureTopics in Cognitive Science10.1111/tops.12747Online publication date: 4-Jul-2024
    • (2024)The Web of Abuse: A Comprehensive Analysis of Online Resource in the Context of Technology-Enabled Intimate Partner Surveillance2024 IEEE 9th European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P)10.1109/EuroSP60621.2024.00048(773-789)Online publication date: 8-Jul-2024
    • (2024)Visualizing Online Search Processes for Information Literacy EducationInformation Experience and Information Literacy10.1007/978-3-031-52998-6_24(277-289)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2024
    • (2023)Taking Search to TaskProceedings of the 2023 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval10.1145/3576840.3578288(1-13)Online publication date: 19-Mar-2023
    • (2023)Finding the Aha! Moment of SearchProceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology10.1002/pra2.80060:1(421-432)Online publication date: 22-Oct-2023
    • (2022)Understanding and Evaluating Search ExperienceSynthesis Lectures on Information Concepts, Retrieval, and Services10.2200/S01166ED1V01Y202202ICR07714:1(1-105)Online publication date: 28-Mar-2022
    • (2021)Task Intelligence for Search and RecommendationSynthesis Lectures on Information Concepts, Retrieval, and Services10.2200/S01103ED1V01Y202105ICR07413:3(1-160)Online publication date: 9-Jun-2021
    • (2021)Artificial intelligence for students in postsecondary educationAI Matters10.1145/3446243.34462506:3(17-29)Online publication date: 10-Feb-2021
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Get Access

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media