Article

Comparative effectiveness of augmented reality in object assembly

Authors:

Weimin MouAuthors Info & Claims

CHI '03: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Pages 73 - 80

https://doi.org/10.1145/642611.642626

Published: 05 April 2003 Publication History

Abstract

Although there has been much speculation about the potential of Augmented Reality (AR), there are very few empirical studies about its effectiveness. This paper describes an experiment that tested the relative effectiveness of AR instructions in an assembly task. Task information was displayed in user's field of view and registered with the workspace as 3D objects to explicitly demonstrate the exact execution of a procedure step. Three instructional media were compared with the AR system: a printed manual, computer assisted instruction (CAI) using a monitor-based display, and CAI utilizing a head-mounted display. Results indicate that overlaying 3D instructions on the actual work pieces reduced the error rate for an assembly task by 82%, particularly diminishing cumulative errors - errors due to previous assembly mistakes. Measurement of mental effort indicated decreased mental effort in the AR condition, suggesting some of the mental calculation of the assembly task is offloaded to the system.

References

[1]

Azuma, R., A Survey of Augmented Reality. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environment, 1997. 6(4): p. 355--385.

[2]

Barfield, W. and Caudell, T., Basic Concepts in Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality, in Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality, Barfield, W. and Caudell, T., Editors. 2001, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers: Mahwah, NJ.

[3]

Feiner, S., MacIntyre, B., and Seligmann, D., Knowledge-based Augmented Reality. Communications of the ACM, 1993. 36(7): p. 52--62.

Digital Library

[4]

Caudell, T.P. and Mizell, D.W. Augmented Reality: An Application of Heads-Up Display Technology to Manual Manufacturing Processes., in International Conference on System Sciences, 1992, Kauai, Hawaii.

[5]

Bajura, M., Fuchs, H., and Ohbuchi, R., Merging Virtual Reality with the Real World: Seeing Ultrasound Imagery Within the Patient. IEEE Computer Graphics, 1992. 26(2): p. 203--210.

Digital Library

[6]

Klinker, G., Stricker, D., and Reiners, D., Augmented Reality for Exterior Construction Applications, in Fundamentals of Wearable Computers and Augmented Reality, Barfield, W. and Caudell, T., Editors. 2001, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers: Mahwah, NJ.

[7]

Webster, A., Feiner, S., MacIntyre, B., Massie, W., and Krueger, T. Augmented Reality in Architectural Construction, Inspection and Renovation, in ASCE Third Congress on Computing in Civil Engineering, 1996, Anaheim, CA.

[8]

Ohshima, T., Satoh, K., Yamamoto, H., and Tamura, H., AR2 Hockey system: A collaborative mixed reality system. Transactions of the Virtual Reality Society of Japan, 1998. 3(2): p. 55--60.

[9]

Jebara, T., Eyster, C., Weaver, J., Starner, T., and Pentland, A. Stochasticks: Augmenting the Billiards Experience with Probablistic Vision and Wearable Computers, in International Symposium on Wearable Computers, 1997, Cambridge, MA.

Digital Library

[10]

Biocca, F. Human-bandwidth and the design of Internet 2 interfaces: Human factors and psychosocial challenges, in Internet2 Socialtechnical Summit, 2000, Ann Arbor, MI.

[11]

Biocca, F., Tang, A., and Lamas, D. Evolution of the mobile infosphere: Iterative design of a high-information bandwidth, mobile augmented reality interface., in Euroimage 2001: International Conference on Augmented, Virtual Environments and 3D Imaging, 2001, Mykonos, Greece.

[12]

Haines, R., Fischer, E., and Price, T., Head-up transition behavior of pilots with and without head-up display in simulated low-visibility approaches. 1980.Technical Report: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field.

[13]

Neumann, U. and Majoros, A. Cognitive, Performance, and Systems Issues for Augmented Reality Applications in Manufacturing and Maintenance, in IEEE VRAIS '98, 1998, Atlanta, GA.

Digital Library

[14]

Kirsh, D., The intelligent use of space. Artificial Intelligence, 1995. 73(1): p. 31--68.

Digital Library

[15]

Biocca, F., Tang, A., Lamas, D., Gregg, J., Brady, R., and Gai, P., How do users organize virtual tools around their body in immersive virtual and augmented environment?: An exploratory study of egocentric spatial mapping of virtual tools in the mobile infosphere. 2001.Technical Report: Media Interface and Network Design Labs, Michigan State University, East Lansing.

[16]

Gaulin, S., Evolution of sex differences in spatial ability. Yearbook of Physical Anthropology, 1992. 35: p. 125--151.

[17]

Owen, C., The ImageTclAR Augmented Reality Development Environment. "http://metlab.cse.msu.edu/imagetclar/". 2001.

[18]

Tuceryan, M. and Navab, N. Single point active alignment method (SPAAM) for optical see-through HMD calibration for AR, in IEEE and ACM International Symposium for Augmented Reality, 2000, Munich, Germany.

[19]

Hart, S.G. Background Description and Application of the NASA Task Load Index (TLX), in Department of Defense Human Engineering Technical Advisory Group Workshop on Workload, 1987, Newport, RI.

[20]

Inzuka, Y., Osumi, Y., and Shinkai, K. Visibility of head up display for automobiles., in 35th Annual Meeting of the Human Factors Society, 1991.

[21]

Sojourner, R. and Antin, J., The effects of a simulated head-up display speedometer on perceptual task performance. Human Factors, 1990. 32(3): p. 329--339.

Digital Library

[22]

Neisser, U. and Becklen, R., Selective looking: Attention to visually specified events. Cognitive Psychology, 1975. 7: p. 480--494.

[23]

McCann, R.S., Foyle, D.C., and Johnston, J.C. Attentional limitations with head-up displays, in Seventh International Symposium on Aviation Psychology, 1993, Columbus, OH.

[24]

Becklen, R. and Cervone, D., Selective looking and the notice of unexpected events. Memory & Cognition, 1983. 11: p. 601--608.

[25]

Fisher, E., Haines, R., and Price, T., Cognitive issues in head-up displays. 1980.Technical Report: NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field.

[26]

Larish, I. and Wickens, C. Attention and HUDs: Flying in the dark?, in Society for Information Display International Symposium Digest of Technical Papers XXII, 1991.

[27]

Weintraub, D.R., Haines, R., and Randle, R. Head-up display (HUD) utility II: Runway to HUD transitions monitoring eye focus and decision times, in Human Factors Society 29th annual meeting, 1985.

[28]

Dopping-Hepenstal, L.L., Head-up displays: The integrity of flight information. IEE Proceedings Part F, Communication, Radar and Signal Processing, 1981. 128(7): p. 440--442.

[29]

Yeh, M. and Wickens, C.D., Attention and Trust Biases in the Design of Augmented Reality Displays. 2000.Technical Report: Aviation Research Lab, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Savoy, IL.

Cited By

Hernández-Torres JCaparrós-Mancera JRodríguez-Pérez ÁRodríguez-González C(2025)Evaluación de herramienta de realidad aumentada en estudios universitarios de ingenieríaCampus Virtuales10.54988/cv.2025.1.151914:1(153)Online publication date: 31-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.54988/cv.2025.1.1519
Tu MJung HKim JKyme A(2025)Head-Mounted Displays in Context-Aware Systems for Open Surgery: A State-of-the-Art ReviewIEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics10.1109/JBHI.2024.348502329:2(1165-1175)Online publication date: Feb-2025
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2024.3485023
Rettinger MSteinhaus JHackenberg ALehr LMüller NSchöffel MPandit SMayer JHolzmann-Littig CRigoll GSchmaderer C(2025)Potential of digital technologies in counteracting long-standing deficits in hemodialysis machine trainingScientific Reports10.1038/s41598-025-89435-w15:1Online publication date: 14-Feb-2025
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89435-w
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Comparative effectiveness of augmented reality in object assembly
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. HCI design and evaluation methods

Recommendations

Evaluating the effectiveness of augmented reality displays for a manual assembly task

The focus of this research was to examine how effectively augmented reality displays, generated with a wearable computer, could be used for aiding an operator performing a manual assembly task. Fifteen subjects were asked to assemble a computer ...
Haptics in Augmented Reality
ICMCS '99: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems - Volume 2

An augmented reality system merges synthetic sensory information into a user's perception of a three-dimensional environment. An important performance goal for an augmented reality system is that the user perceives a single seamless environment. In most ...
Augmented reality as perceptual reality
VSMM'06: Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Interactive Technologies and Sociotechnical Systems

As shown in Paul Milgram et al’s Reality-Virtuality Continuum (1994), Augmented Reality occupies a very unique status in the spectrum of Mixed Reality. Unlike Virtual Reality, which is completely made up of the virtual and has been the most important ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CHI '03: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 2003

620 pages

ISBN:1581136307

DOI:10.1145/642611

Conference Chairs:
Gilbert Cockton
University of Sunderland, UK
,
Panu Korhonen
Nokia Research Center, Finland

Copyright © 2003 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 05 April 2003

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

CHI03

Sponsor:

CHI03: Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 5 - 10, 2003

Florida, Ft. Lauderdale, USA

Acceptance Rates

CHI '03 Paper Acceptance Rate 75 of 468 submissions, 16%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 6,199 of 26,314 submissions, 24%

Upcoming Conference

CHI 2025

Sponsor:
sigchi

ACM CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

April 26 - May 1, 2025

Yokohama , Japan

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

321
Total Citations
View Citations
6,338
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)278
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)22

Reflects downloads up to 13 Feb 2025

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Hernández-Torres JCaparrós-Mancera JRodríguez-Pérez ÁRodríguez-González C(2025)Evaluación de herramienta de realidad aumentada en estudios universitarios de ingenieríaCampus Virtuales10.54988/cv.2025.1.151914:1(153)Online publication date: 31-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.54988/cv.2025.1.1519
Tu MJung HKim JKyme A(2025)Head-Mounted Displays in Context-Aware Systems for Open Surgery: A State-of-the-Art ReviewIEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics10.1109/JBHI.2024.348502329:2(1165-1175)Online publication date: Feb-2025
https://doi.org/10.1109/JBHI.2024.3485023
Rettinger MSteinhaus JHackenberg ALehr LMüller NSchöffel MPandit SMayer JHolzmann-Littig CRigoll GSchmaderer C(2025)Potential of digital technologies in counteracting long-standing deficits in hemodialysis machine trainingScientific Reports10.1038/s41598-025-89435-w15:1Online publication date: 14-Feb-2025
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89435-w
Hönemann KKonopka BPrilla MWiesche M(2025)A Comparative Study of Handheld Augmented Reality Interaction Techniques for Developing AR Instructions using AR Authoring ToolsComputers in Industry10.1016/j.compind.2024.104205164(104205)Online publication date: Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2024.104205
Zhang XHe WBai JBillinghurst MQin YDong JLiu T(2025)Evaluation of Augmented Reality instructions based on initial and dynamic assembly tolerance allocation schemes in precise manual assemblyAdvanced Engineering Informatics10.1016/j.aei.2024.10295463:COnline publication date: 1-Jan-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.aei.2024.102954
Elharbaoui EHmissi AGabin Ntebutse JElomari D(2025)Augmented Reality and the Construction of Scientific Knowledge of 6th Grade Primary Learners Concerning the Concept of “human Respiration”Big Data and Internet of Things10.1007/978-3-031-74491-4_63(812-821)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-74491-4_63
Nasser NSharaf NAbdennadher S(2025)Transforming Organizational Training: A Study of Extended Reality Applications in Industry 4.0Highlights in Practical Applications of Agents, Multi-Agent Systems, and Digital Twins: The PAAMS Collection10.1007/978-3-031-73058-0_32(385-393)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2025
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-73058-0_32
Zhao YLi YJiang AZhang HShe HZhan W(2024)Effects of Visual and Auditory Instructions on Space Station Procedural TasksSpace: Science & Technology10.34133/space.01304Online publication date: 9-May-2024
https://doi.org/10.34133/space.0130
Chiossi FEl Khaoudi YOu CSidenmark LZaky AFeuchtner TMayer S(2024)Evaluating Typing Performance in Different Mixed Reality Manifestations using Physiological FeaturesProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36981428:ISS(377-406)Online publication date: 24-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3698142
Stiber MBohus DAndrist S(2024)"Uh, This One?": Leveraging Behavioral Signals for Detecting Confusion during Physical TasksProceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3678957.3685727(194-203)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678957.3685727
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Figures

Tables

Media

View Table of Conten