Article

Free access

Volume rendering

Authors:

Robert A. Drebin,

Loren Carpenter,

Pat HanrahanAuthors Info & Claims

SIGGRAPH '88: Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques

Pages 65 - 74

https://doi.org/10.1145/54852.378484

Published: 01 June 1988 Publication History

Abstract

A technique for rendering images of volumes containing mixtures of materials is presented. The shading model allows both the interior of a material and the boundary between materials to be colored. Image projection is performed by simulating the absorption of light along the ray path to the eye. The algorithms used are designed to avoid artifacts caused by aliasing and quantization and can be efficiently implemented on an image computer. Images from a variety of applications are shown.

References

[1]

"Why Abalones Don't Find Otters Cute," Discover, p. 10 (April 1988).

[2]

ADAMS, JOHN B., MILTON O. SMITH, AND PAUL E. JOHNSON, "Spectral Mixture Modeling: A New Analysis of Rock and Soil Types at the Viking 1 Lander Site," Journal of Geophysical Research 91(B8) pp. 8098-8112 (July 1986).

[3]

BLINN, JAMES F., "Light Reflection Functions for Simulation of Clouds and Dusty Surfaces," Computer Graphics (SIG- GRAPH '82 Proceedings) 16(3) pp. 21-29 (July 1982).

Digital Library

[4]

BLOOMENTHAL, JULES, "Polygonization of Implicit Surfaces," Report CSL-87-2, Xerox PARC (May 1987).

[5]

CATMULL, EDWIN AND ALVY RAY SMITH, "3-D Transformations of Images in Scanline Order," Computer Graphics (SIG- GRAPH '80 Proceedings) 14(3) pp. 279-285 (July 1980).

Digital Library

[6]

CHRISTIANSON, H. N. AND T. W. SEDERBERG, "Conversion of Complex Contour Line Definitions into Polygonal Element Mosaics," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '78 Proceedings) 12 pp. 187-192 (1978).

Digital Library

[7]

CLINE, HARVEY E., WILLIAM E. LORENSEN, SIGWALT LUDKE, CARL R. CRAWFORD, AND BRUCE C. TEETER, "Two Algorithms for the Reconstruction of Surfaces from Tomograms," Medical Physics, (June, 1988).

[8]

COOK, ROBERT L. AND KENNETH E. TORRANCE, "A Reflection Model for Computer Graphics," ACM Transactions on Graphics 1(1) pp. 7-24 (1982).

Digital Library

[9]

DREBIN, ROBERT A., ELLIOT K. FISHMAN, AND DONNA MAGID, "Volumetric Three-dimensional Image Rendering: Thresholding vs. Non-thresholding Techniques," Radiology 165p. 131 (1987).

[10]

FISHMAN, E. K., R. A. DREBIN, D. MAGID, AND ET. AL., "Volumetric Rendering Techniques: Applications for 3- Dimensional Imaging of the Hip," Radiology 163 pp. 737-738 (1987).

[11]

FUCHS, H., Z. M. KEDEM, AND S. P. USELTON, "Optimal Surface Reconstruction for Planar Contours," CACM 20(1977).

Digital Library

[12]

FUJIMOTO, AKIRA, TAKAYUKI TANAKA, AND KANSEI IWATA, "ARTS: Accelerated Ray-Tracing System," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, pp. 16-26 (Apr. 1986).

Digital Library

[13]

GANAPATHY, S. AND T. G. DENNEHY, "A New General Triangulation Method for Planar Contours," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings) 16 pp. 69-75 (1982).

Digital Library

[14]

HARRIS, LOWELL D., R. A. ROBB, T. S. YUEN, AND E. L. RIT- MAN, "Non-invasive numerical dissection and display of anatomic structure using computerized x-ray tomography," Proceedings SPIE 152 pp. 10-18 (1978).

[15]

HERMAN, GABOR T. AND H. K. LIU, "Three-Dimensional Display of Organs from Computed Tomograms," Computer Graphics and Image Processing 9(1) pp. 1-21 (January 1979).

[16]

HOEHNE, KARL HEINZ, ROBERT L. DELAPAZ, RALPH BERN- STEIN, AND ROBERT C. TAYLOR, "Combined Surface Display and Reformatting for the Three-Dimensional Analysis of Tomographic Data," Investigative Radiology 22(7)pp. 658- 664 (July 1987).

[17]

JAFFEY, STEPHEN M. AND KALYAN DUTTA, "Digital Perspective Correction for Cylindrical Holographic Stereograms," Proceedings of SPIE 367(August 1982).

[18]

KAJIYA, JAMES T. AND BRIAN P. VON HERZEN, "Ray Tracing Volume Densities," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings) 18(3)(July 1984).

Digital Library

[19]

KEPPEL, E., "Approximation of Complex Surfaces by Triangulation of Contour Lines," IBM Journal of Research and Development 19 pp. 2-11 (1975).

Digital Library

[20]

LEVOY, MARC, "Display of Surfaces from Volume Data," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, (May, 1988).

Digital Library

[21]

LORENSEN, WILLIAM E. AND HARVEY E. CLINE, "Marching Cubes: A High Resolution 3D Surface Construction Algorithm," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings), (July 1987).

Digital Library

[22]

MAZZIOTTA, J. C. AND K. H. HUANG, "THREAD (Three- Dimensional Reconstruction and Display) with Biomedical Applications in Neuron Ultrastructure and Display," American Federation of Information Processing Society 45 pp. 241-250 (1976).

[23]

MEAGHER, DONALD J., "Efficient Synthetic Image Generation of Arbitrary 3-D Objects," Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Processing, pp. 473-478 (June 1982).

[24]

NORTON, ALAN, "Generation and Display of Geometric Fractals in 3-D," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '82 Proceedings) 16(3) pp. 61-67 (July 1982).

Digital Library

[25]

PHONG, BUI-THONG, "Illumination for Computer Generated Images," CACM 18(6) pp. 311-317 (June 1975).

Digital Library

[26]

PORTER, THOMAS AND TOM DUFF, "Compositing Digital Images," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '84 Proceedings) 18(3) pp. 253-260 (July 1984).

Digital Library

[27]

SCHLUSSELBERG, DANIEL S., WADE K. SMITH, AND DONALD J. WOODWARD, "Three-Dimensional Display of Medical Image Volumes," Proceedings of NCGA, (March 1986).

[28]

SCOTT, W. W. JR., E. K. FISHMAN, AND D. MAGID, "Acetabular Fractures: Optimal Imaging," Radiology, pp. 537-538 (1987).

[29]

SUNGURUFF, A AND D. GREENBERG, "Computer Generated Images for Medical Applications," Computer Graphics (SIG- GRAPH '78 Proceedings) 12 pp. 196-202 (1978).

Digital Library

[30]

TOM, VICTOR T., "Adaptive Filter Techniques of Digital Image Enhancement," SPIE Digital Image Processing: Critical Review of Technology 528(1985).

[31]

TUY, HEANG K. AND LEE TAN TUY, "Direct 2-D Display of 3-D Objects," IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 4(10) pp. 29-34 (October 1984).

[32]

VANNIER, MICHAEL W., JEFFREY L. MARSH, AND JAMES O. WARREN, "Three Dimensional Computer Graphics for Craniofacial Surgical Planning and Evaluation," Computer Graphics" (SIGGRAPH '83 Proceedings) 17(3)pp. 263-273 (July 1983).

Digital Library

[33]

WRIGHT, THOMAS AND JOHN HUMBRECHT, "ISOSURF - An Algorithm for Plotting Iso-Valued Surfaces of a Function of Three Variables," Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH '79 Proceedings) 13(2) pp. 182-189 (August 1979).

Digital Library

[34]

WYVILL, BRIAN, CRAIG MCPHEETERS, AND GEOFF WYVILL, "Data Structure for Soft Objects," The Visual Computer 2(4) pp. 227-234 (1986).

[35]

ZUCKER, STEVEN W., "Relaxation Labelling and the Reduction of Local Ambiquities,'" Proceedings 3rd International Conference on Pattern Recognition, pp. 852-861 (November 1976).

Cited By

Tahir RNonaka JIwata KMatsushima TSakamoto NBi CNakao MMurai H(2024)Analysis Towards Energy-Aware Image-based In Situ Visualization on the FugakuProceedings of the International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region10.1145/3635035.3635048(154-163)Online publication date: 18-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3635035.3635048
Wald IMorrical NZellmann S(2022)A Memory Efficient Encoding for Ray Tracing Large Unstructured DataIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2021.311486928:1(583-592)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TVCG.2021.3114869
Kim SJang Y(2021)TF color mapping for direct volume rendering with CNNJournal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society10.15701/kcgs.2021.27.5.2527:5(25-32)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2021
https://doi.org/10.15701/kcgs.2021.27.5.25
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Volume rendering
1. Applied computing
  1. Document management and text processing
    1. Document capture
      1. Graphics recognition and interpretation
2. Computing methodologies
  1. Artificial intelligence
    1. Computer vision
      1. Computer vision tasks
  2. Computer graphics

Recommendations

Volume rendering

A technique for rendering images of volumes containing mixtures of materials is presented. The shading model allows both the interior of a material and the boundary between materials to be colored. Image projection is performed by simulating the ...
Hardware-accelerated parallel non-photorealistic volume rendering
NPAR '02: Proceedings of the 2nd international symposium on Non-photorealistic animation and rendering

Non-photorealistic rendering can be used to illustrate subtle spatial relationships that might not be visible with more realistic rendering techniques. We present a parallel hardware-accelerated rendering technique, making extensive use of multi-...
Fast volume rendering using a shear-warp factorization of the viewing transformation
SIGGRAPH '94: Proceedings of the 21st annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques

Several existing volume rendering algorithms operate by factoring the viewing transformation into a 3D shear parallel to the data slices, a projection to form an intermediate but distorted image, and a 2D warp to form an undistorted final image. We ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

SIGGRAPH '88: Proceedings of the 15th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques

August 1988

356 pages

ISBN:0897912756

DOI:10.1145/54852

Editor:
Richard J. Beach
Xerox PARC, Palo Alto, CA

ACM SIGGRAPH Computer Graphics Volume 22, Issue 4
Aug. 1988
330 pages
ISSN:0097-8930
DOI:10.1145/378456
Editor:
Richard J. Beach
Xerox PARC, Palo Alto, CA
Issue’s Table of Contents
Seminal graphics: pioneering efforts that shaped the field, Volume 1
July 1998
460 pages
ISBN:158113052X
DOI:10.1145/280811
Editor:
Rosalee Wolfe
DePaul University

Copyright © 1988 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

SIGGRAPH: ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 June 1988

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Badges

Seminal Paper

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Conference

SIGGRAPH88

Sponsor:

SIGGRAPH

SIGGRAPH88: 15th Annual conference on Computer Graphics

Acceptance Rates

SIGGRAPH '88 Paper Acceptance Rate 34 of 161 submissions, 21%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 1,822 of 8,601 submissions, 21%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

1,063
Total Citations
View Citations
8,453
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)1,007
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)146

Reflects downloads up to 17 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Tahir RNonaka JIwata KMatsushima TSakamoto NBi CNakao MMurai H(2024)Analysis Towards Energy-Aware Image-based In Situ Visualization on the FugakuProceedings of the International Conference on High Performance Computing in Asia-Pacific Region10.1145/3635035.3635048(154-163)Online publication date: 18-Jan-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3635035.3635048
Wald IMorrical NZellmann S(2022)A Memory Efficient Encoding for Ray Tracing Large Unstructured DataIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2021.311486928:1(583-592)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TVCG.2021.3114869
Kim SJang Y(2021)TF color mapping for direct volume rendering with CNNJournal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society10.15701/kcgs.2021.27.5.2527:5(25-32)Online publication date: 30-Nov-2021
https://doi.org/10.15701/kcgs.2021.27.5.25
Yang YChen YSong HTang SYang J(2021)Depth Perception Enhancement in 2D/3D Vascular Image FusionProceedings of the 2021 5th International Conference on Digital Signal Processing10.1145/3458380.3458389(46-52)Online publication date: 26-Feb-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3458380.3458389
Wald IZellmann SUsher WMorrical NLang UPascucci V(2021)Ray Tracing Structured AMR Data Using ExaBricksIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2020.303047027:2(625-634)Online publication date: Feb-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2020.3030470
Athawale TMa BSakhaee EJohnson CEntezari A(2021)Direct Volume Rendering with Nonparametric Models of UncertaintyIEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics10.1109/TVCG.2020.303039427:2(1797-1807)Online publication date: Feb-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2020.3030394
Clarke T(2021)Depth Perception using X-Ray Visualizations2021 IEEE International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality Adjunct (ISMAR-Adjunct)10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct54149.2021.00114(483-486)Online publication date: Oct-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/ISMAR-Adjunct54149.2021.00114
Fu XShao ZQu YGuan YZou YShi ZTan J(2021)Fast and Unsupervised Non-Local Feature Learning for Direct Volume Rendering of 3D Medical Images2021 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS)10.1109/IROS51168.2021.9636042(5886-5891)Online publication date: 27-Sep-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/IROS51168.2021.9636042
Dutta STasnim HTurton TAhrens J(2021)In Situ Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Data Summarization2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (Big Data)10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671581(315-321)Online publication date: 15-Dec-2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671581
Kim SJang YKim S(2021)Image-Based TF Colorization With CNN for Direct Volume RenderingIEEE Access10.1109/ACCESS.2021.31004299(124281-124294)Online publication date: 2021
https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3100429
Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents