Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/3196709.3196772acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesdisConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

"Hey Alexa, What's Up?": A Mixed-Methods Studies of In-Home Conversational Agent Usage

Published: 08 June 2018 Publication History

Abstract

In-home, place-based, conversational agents have exploded in popularity over the past three years. In particular, Amazon's conversational agent, Alexa, now dominates the market and is in millions of homes. This paper presents two complementary studies investigating the experience of households living with a conversational agent over an extended period of time. First, we gathered the history logs of 75 Alexa participants and quantitatively analyzed over 278,000 commands. Second, we performed seven in-home, contextual interviews of Alexa owners focusing on how their household interacts with Alexa. Our findings give the first glimpse of how households integrate Alexa into their lives. We found interesting behaviors around purchasing and acclimating to Alexa, in the number and physical placement of devices, and in daily use patterns. Participants also uniformly described interactions between children and Alexa. We conclude with suggestions for future improvement for intelligent conversational agents.

References

[1]
Sameera A. Abdul-Kader and John Woods. Survey on Chatbot Design Techniques in Speech Conversation Systems. International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications 6, 7.
[2]
Gregory D. Abowd and Elizabeth D. Mynatt. 2000. Charting past, present, and future research in ubiquitous computing. ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction 7, 1: 29--58.
[3]
Gregory Abowd, Keith Edwards, and Beki Grinter. 2003. Smart homes or homes that smart? ACM SIGCHI Bulletin - a supplement to interactions 2003: 13--13.
[4]
Bayan Abu Shawar and Eric Atwell. 2007. Chatbots: are they really useful? LDV Forum. Retrieved September 17, 2017 from https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Eric_Atwell/pub li cation/220046725_Chatbots_Are_they_Really_Useful / links/00b7d518ab7329add2000000/Chatbots-Arethey- Really-Useful.pdf
[5]
Corey Badcock. 2015. First Alexa Third-Party Skills Now Available for Amazon EchoNo Title. Alexa Blog. Retrieved from https://developer.amazon.com/blogs/post/TxC2VHK F EIZ9SG/First-Alexa-Third-Party-Skills-NowAvailable-for-Amazon-Echo
[6]
Izak Bensabat and Weiquan Wang. "Trust in and adoption of online recommendation agents." Journal of the association for information systems 6, no. 3 (2005):
[7]
Justine Cassell, Timothy Bickmore, Mark Billinghurst, Lee Campbell, Kenny Chang, Hannes Vilhjálmsson, and Hao Yan. "Embodiment in conversational interfaces: Rea." In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 520--527. ACM, 1999.
[8]
Justine Cassell, Tom Stocky, Tim Bickmore, et al. 2002. MACK: Media lab autonomous conversational kiosk. Proceedings of Imagina '02.
[9]
Marshini Chetty, Ja-Young Sung, and Rebecca E. Grinter. 2007. How Smart Homes Learn: The Evolution of the Networked Home and Household. 127--144.
[10]
Andy Crabtree and Tom Rodden. Domestic Routines and Design for the Home. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 13, 2: 191-- 220.
[11]
Andy Crabtree and Peter Tolmie. 2016. A Day in the Life of Things in the Home. Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing - CSCW '16, 1736--1748.
[12]
Scott Davidoff, Min Kyung Lee, Charles Yiu, John Zimmerman, and Anind K. Dey. 2006. Principles of Smart Home Control. In Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Ubiquitous Computing. Springer-Verlag, 19--34.
[13]
Stefania Druga, Randi Williams, Cynthia Breazeal, and Mitchel Resnick. 2017. "Hey Google is it OK if I eat you?": Initial Explorations in Child-Agent Interaction. Proceedings of the 2017 Conference on Interaction Design and Children - IDC '17, ACM Press, 595--600.
[14]
Homer Dudley. 1939. Remaking Speech. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 11, 2: 169--177.
[15]
W. Keith Edwards and Rebecca E. Grinter. 2001. At Home with Ubiquitous Computing: Seven Challenges. Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Ubiquitous Computing, Springer, 372. Retrieved September 16, 2017 from http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=741327&CFID=98 50 43092&CFTOKEN=74478828
[16]
Darrell Etherington. 2014. Amazon Echo Is A $199 Connected Speaker Packing An Always-On SiriStyle Assistant | TechCrunch. Techcrunch. Retrieved September 15, 2017 from https://techcrunch.com/2014/11/06/amazon-echo/
[17]
Adjamir M. Galvao, Flavia A. Barros, Andre M. M. Neves, and Geber L. Ramalho. 2004. PersonaAIML: An Architecture Developing Chatterbots with Personality. Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems - Volume 3: 1266-- 1267.
[18]
Juan Pablo Garcia Vazquez, Marcela D. Rodriguez, and Angel G. Andrade. 2010. Design dimensions of ambient information systems to assist elderly with their activities of daily living. Proceedings of the 12th ACM international conference adjunct papers on Ubiquitous computing - Ubicomp '10, ACM Press, 461.
[19]
William Gaver, Alex Wilkie, Andy Boucher, et al. 2008. Threshold devices. Proceeding of the twenty- sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '08, ACM Press, 1429.
[20]
Lars Gesellensetter, Nicole C. Krämer, and Ipke Wachsmuth. 2005. A conversational agent as museum guide - Design and evaluation of a realworld application. THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL WORKING CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT VIRTUAL AGENTS (IVA '05), Springer, 329--343. Retrieved March 5, 2017 from http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1 .1.93.7488
[21]
Evangelos Karapanos, John Zimmerman, Jodi Forlizzi, and Jean-Bernard Martens. 2009. User experience over time: an initial framework. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems: 729--738.
[22]
Stefan Kopp, Lars Gesellensetter, Nicole C. Krämer, and Ipke Wachsmuth. "A conversational agent as museum guide--design and evaluation of a realworld application." In International Workshop on Intelligent Virtual Agents, pp. 329--343. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2005.
[23]
Gustavo López, Luis Quesada, and Luis A. Guerrero. 2018. Alexa vs. Siri vs. Cortana vs. Google Assistant: A Comparison of Speech-Based Natural User Interfaces. . Springer, Cham, 241-- 250. Farhad Manjoo. 2015. Amazon Echo, a Personal Assistant in Need of Some Schooling. New York Times, B8. Retrieved from https://www.nytimes.com/2015/06/25/technology/per s onaltech/amazon-echo-aka-alexa-is-a-personal-aidein- need-of-schooling.html
[24]
Sven Meyer and Andry Rakontonirainy. 2003. A survey of research on context-aware homes. Proceedings of the Australasian information security workshop conference on ACSW frontiers 2003 - Volume 21, Australian Computer Society, 90. Retrieved September 13, 2017 from http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=828005
[25]
Kris Nagel, Cory D. Kidd, Thomas O'Connell, Anind Dey, and Gregory D. Abowd. 2001. The Family Intercom: Developing a Context-Aware Audio Communication System. . Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 176--183.
[26]
William Odom, John Zimmerman, Jodi Forlizzi, Hajin Choi, Stephanie Meier, and Angela Park. 2012. Investigating the presence, form and behavior of virtual possessions in the context of a teen bedroom. Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems: 327--336.
[27]
Gerard Oleksik, David Frohlich, Lorna M. Brown, and Abigail Sellen. 2008. Sonic interventions. Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems CHI '08, ACM Press, 1419.
[28]
Charles L. Ortiz. 2014. The Road to Natural Conversational Speech Interfaces. IEEE Internet Computing 18, 2: 74--78.
[29]
Emanuel Parzen. On Estimation of a Probability Density Function and Mode. The Annals of Mathematical Statistics 33, 1065-- 1076.
[30]
Sarah Perez. 2017. Amazon to control 70 percent of the voice-controlled speaker market this year. Techcrunch.
[31]
Sarah Perez. 2017. 42 percent of smart speaker owners have bought a second device (or more) | TechCrunch. Techcrunch. Retrieved September 15, 2017 from https://techcrunch.com/2017/06/23/42percent-of- amazon-echo-owners-have-bought-asecond-device-or- more/
[32]
David Powers, Richard Leibbrandt, Martin Luerssen, Trent Lewis, and Mike Lawson. 2008. PETA. Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments - PETRA '08, ACM Press, 1.
[33]
Amanda Purington, Jessie G. Taft, Shruti Sannon, Natalya N. Bazarova, and Samuel Hardman Taylor. 2017. "Alexa is my new BFF": Social Roles, User Satisfaction, and Personification of the Amazon Echo. Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems - CHI EA '17, ACM Press, 2853--2859.
[34]
Jason Del Rey. 2016. You're not alone: 51 percent of Amazon Echo owners have it in the kitchen. Recode.
[35]
Douglas. Schuler and Aki. Namioka. 1993. Participatory design?: principles and practices. L. Erlbaum Associates. Retrieved September 18, 2017 from http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=563076
[36]
Yankelovich and Nicole. 1996. How do users know what to say? interactions 3, 6: 32--43.

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Designing Home Automation Routines Using an LLM-Based ChatbotDesigns10.3390/designs80300438:3(43)Online publication date: 13-May-2024
  • (2024)Coimagining the Future of Voice Assistants with Cultural SensitivityHuman Behavior and Emerging Technologies10.1155/2024/32387372024(1-21)Online publication date: 25-Mar-2024
  • (2024)Enhancing Alexa Skill Testing Through Improved Utterance DiscoveryACM Transactions on Internet Technology10.1145/369820024:4(1-25)Online publication date: 18-Nov-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. "Hey Alexa, What's Up?": A Mixed-Methods Studies of In-Home Conversational Agent Usage

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    DIS '18: Proceedings of the 2018 Designing Interactive Systems Conference
    June 2018
    1418 pages
    ISBN:9781450351980
    DOI:10.1145/3196709
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 08 June 2018

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. alexa
    2. conversational user interfaces
    3. family

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Conference

    DIS '18
    Sponsor:

    Acceptance Rates

    DIS '18 Paper Acceptance Rate 107 of 487 submissions, 22%;
    Overall Acceptance Rate 1,158 of 4,684 submissions, 25%

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)261
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)46
    Reflects downloads up to 18 Nov 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2024)Designing Home Automation Routines Using an LLM-Based ChatbotDesigns10.3390/designs80300438:3(43)Online publication date: 13-May-2024
    • (2024)Coimagining the Future of Voice Assistants with Cultural SensitivityHuman Behavior and Emerging Technologies10.1155/2024/32387372024(1-21)Online publication date: 25-Mar-2024
    • (2024)Enhancing Alexa Skill Testing Through Improved Utterance DiscoveryACM Transactions on Internet Technology10.1145/369820024:4(1-25)Online publication date: 18-Nov-2024
    • (2024)Dr. Convenience Love or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love my Voice Assistant✱Proceedings of the 13th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/3679318.3685364(1-14)Online publication date: 13-Oct-2024
    • (2024)Understanding Urban Women's Interaction with Domestic Technologies in Malawi: Advancing Feminist Theories in HCIACM Journal on Computing and Sustainable Societies10.1145/36502042:2(1-25)Online publication date: 5-Mar-2024
    • (2024)Body Language for VUIs: Exploring Gestures to Enhance Interactions with Voice User InterfacesProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660691(133-150)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
    • (2024)Toward a Third-Kind Voice for Conversational Agents in an Era of Blurring Boundaries Between Machine and Human SoundsProceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Conversational User Interfaces10.1145/3640794.3665880(1-7)Online publication date: 8-Jul-2024
    • (2024)Examining Humanness as a Metaphor to Design Voice User InterfacesProceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Conversational User Interfaces10.1145/3640794.3665535(1-15)Online publication date: 8-Jul-2024
    • (2024)Toward Faceted Skill Recommendation in Intelligent Personal AssistantsProceedings of the 29th International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces10.1145/3640543.3645201(640-649)Online publication date: 18-Mar-2024
    • (2024)Unfulfilled Promises of Child Safety and Privacy: Portrayals and Use of Children in Smart Home MarketingProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36374228:CSCW1(1-29)Online publication date: 26-Apr-2024
    • Show More Cited By

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media