Household Wattch: Exploring Opportunities for Surveillance and Consent through Families’ Household Energy Use Data
Article No.: 55, Pages 1 - 30
Abstract
Household energy use data may contain sensitive inferences into family life, yet its potential for surveillance is imperfectly understood. To explore this space, we developed Household Wattch, a speculative eco-feedback ‘provotype’ that profiles households according to their energy use data. Evaluated by 16 participants from Australian households engaged in an 18-month energy use monitoring trial, Household Wattch elicited users’ perceptions and expectations about a near future where energy use data is a useful yet potentially sensitive commodity when analysed. We highlight challenges and opportunities for energy use data across three scales: (1) Within the household, (2) Beyond the household (e.g., sharing energy data with third parties) and (3) Post-household (e.g., what happens to energy data when a household re-configures or disbands). Findings suggest users may require support in understanding the sensitivities of their energy use data, particularly when deciding whether to share it with third parties. Opportunities exist for accidental or deliberate surveillance via energy use data, and these need to be identified and managed. Provotypes represent a useful tool for navigating this space, and we provide considerations for how they can support users in speculating over possible energy futures.
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Authors’ Statement
This article represents original work by the authors that is not under consideration anywhere else or in any other format. None of the authors report a conflict of interest. The article relates to prior work of the lead author, who has investigated householders’ experiences with energy use feedback before (e.g., the article “An Eco-feedback Joins the Family”) and touched on privacy in this domain (e.g., the article “Neighbourhood Wattch: Using Speculative Design to Explore Values Around Curtailment and Consent in Energy Data”). However, the sample group for this article is entirely different, and the focus is on energy data at the household scale, not on comparison with others, social normative comparison or on incentives for voluntary curtailment.
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Publication History
Published: 19 September 2024
Online AM: 18 June 2024
Accepted: 18 May 2024
Revised: 08 May 2024
Received: 05 April 2023
Published in TOCHI Volume 31, Issue 4
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