Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/3614321.3614368acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicegovConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

The rapid spread of online misinformation and its impact on the digital economy

Published: 20 November 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Social media and digital platforms have become increasingly essential for creating successful and sustainable businesses and driving the growth of the digital economy. However, distorted content on digital platforms affects entities and creates confusion for individuals to distinguish whether they get true or false information. The proliferation of false or incorrect information also poses significant threats to the adoption of social media platforms and, hence, affects the digital economy. In this research work, through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), we explore the misinformation phenomenon and the role of social media and digital platforms and examine the impact of misinformation on the digital economy. We mentioned challenges faced by stakeholders (e.g., policymakers, social media platform managers, journalists, civil society, etc.) while combating online misinformation. Finally, this study offers a set of comprehensive recommendations, including suggestions for stakeholders' policies to tackle misinformation on social media platforms. Through this research work, we anticipate contributing to the ongoing discussions to better understand this societal problem, co-create policy interventions to fight against misinformation, increase consumer trust on social media and digital platforms and protect the digital economy from such potential dangers.

References

[1]
K. P. Krishna Kumar and G. Geethakumari, “Identifying Sources of Misinformation in Online Social Networks,” 2014, pp. 417–428.
[2]
R. P. Ojha, “Controlling of Fake Information Dissemination in Online Social Networks: An Epidemiological Approach,” IEEE Access, vol. 11, pp. 32229–32240, 2023.
[3]
N. Ahmad, N. Milic, and M. Ibahrine, “Data and Disinformation,” Computer (Long. Beach. Calif)., vol. 54, no. 7, pp. 105–110, Jul. 2021.
[4]
OECD, “Misinformation and disinformation: An international effort using behavioural science to tackle the spread of misinformation,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://read.oecd.org/10.1787/b7709d4f-en?format=pdf.
[5]
S. I. H. Vorobyeva, T., Mouratidis, K., Diamantopoulos, F., Giannopoulos, P., Tavlaridou, K., Timamopoulos, C., Peristeras, V., Magnisalis, I., & Shah, “A Fake News Classification Framework: Application on Immigration Cases,” Commun. Today, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 118–130, 2020, [Online]. Available: https://communicationtoday.sk/wp-content/uploads/08_VOROBYEVA-et-al_CT-2-2020.pdf.
[6]
E. Kapantai, A. Christopoulou, C. Berberidis, and V. Peristeras, “A systematic literature review on disinformation: Toward a unified taxonomical framework,” New Media Soc., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 1301–1326, May 2021.
[7]
B. Martens, L. Aguiar, E. GGmez, and F. Mueller-Langer, “The Digital Transformation of News Media and the Rise of Disinformation and Fake News,” SSRN Electron. J., 2018.
[8]
& N. R. . Newman, N., Fletcher, R., Schulz, A., Andi, S., Robertson, C.T., “Reuters Institute digital news report 2021-22,” 2021. [Online]. Available: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2021-06/Digital_News_Report_2021_FINAL.pdf .
[9]
Y. Xu, D. Zhou, and W. Wang, “Being my own gatekeeper, how I tell the fake and the real – Fake news perception between typologies and sources,” Inf. Process. Manag., vol. 60, no. 2, p. 103228, Mar. 2023.
[10]
T. D. and J. Beck, The Attention Economy: Understanding the New Currency of Business Paperback, 1st ed. Harvard Business Review Press, 2002.
[11]
M. Almaliki, “Online Misinformation Spread,” in Proceedings of the 2019 3rd International Conference on Information System and Data Mining, Apr. 2019, pp. 171–178.
[12]
A. Gibbons and A. Carson, “What is misinformation and disinformation? Understanding multi-stakeholders’ perspectives in the Asia Pacific,” Aust. J. Polit. Sci., vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 231–247, Jul. 2022.
[13]
D. K. Sharma, S. Garg, and P. Shrivastava, “Evaluation of Tools and Extension for Fake News Detection,” in 2021 International Conference on Innovative Practices in Technology and Management (ICIPTM), Feb. 2021, pp. 227–232.
[14]
L. Wu, Y. Rao, H. Yu, Y. Wang, and A. Nazir, “False Information Detection on Social Media via a Hybrid Deep Model,” 2018, pp. 323–333.
[15]
V. Bakir and A. McStay, “Fake News and The Economy of Emotions,” Digit. Journal., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 154–175, Feb. 2018.
[16]
Y. Zhao and J. Zhang, “Consumer health information seeking in social media: a literature review,” Heal. Inf. Libr. J., vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 268–283, Dec. 2017.
[17]
H. Luo, M. Cai, and Y. Cui, “Spread of Misinformation in Social Networks: Analysis Based on Weibo Tweets,” Secur. Commun. Networks, vol. 2021, pp. 1–23, Dec. 2021.
[18]
T. Isckia, M. de Reuver, and D. Lescop, “Digital innovation in platform-based ecosystems,” in Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Management of Digital EcoSystems, Sep. 2018, pp. 149–156.
[19]
P. Mena, “Cleaning Up Social Media: The Effect of Warning Labels on Likelihood of Sharing False News on Facebook,” Policy & Internet, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 165–183, Jun. 2020.
[20]
S. Muhammed T and S. K. Mathew, “The disaster of misinformation: a review of research in social media,” Int. J. Data Sci. Anal., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 271–285, May 2022.
[21]
H. Martens, “Evaluating Media Literacy Education: Concepts, Theories and Future Directions,” J. Media Lit. Educ., 2010.
[22]
S. Lewandowsky, U. K. H. Ecker, and J. Cook, “Beyond misinformation: Understanding and coping with the ‘post-truth’ era.,” J. Appl. Res. Mem. Cogn., vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 353–369, Dec. 2017.
[23]
G. Pennycook and D. G. Rand, “Fighting misinformation on social media using crowdsourced judgments of news source quality,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., vol. 116, no. 7, pp. 2521–2526, Feb. 2019.
[24]
E. C. Tandoc, Z. W. Lim, and R. Ling, “Defining ‘Fake News,’” Digit. Journal., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 137–153, Feb. 2018.
[25]
F. Graves, L., & Cherubini, “The rise of fact-checking sites in Europe: A report,” 2016. [Online]. Available: https://reutersinstitute.politics.ox.ac.uk/sites/default/files/research/files/The%2520Rise%2520of%2520Fact-Checking%2520Sites%2520in%2520Europe.pdf.
[26]
M. A. Amazeen, “Journalistic interventions: The structural factors affecting the global emergence of fact-checking,” Journalism, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 95–111, Jan. 2020.
[27]
Y. Tsfati and G. Ariely, “Individual and Contextual Correlates of Trust in Media Across 44 Countries,” Communic. Res., vol. 41, no. 6, pp. 760–782, Aug. 2014.
[28]
M. Fernandez and H. Alani, “Online Misinformation,” in Companion of the The Web Conference 2018 on The Web Conference 2018 - WWW ’18, 2018, pp. 595–602.
[29]
K. Shu, A. Sliva, S. Wang, J. Tang, and H. Liu, “Fake News Detection on Social Media,” ACM SIGKDD Explor. Newsl., vol. 19, no. 1, pp. 22–36, Sep. 2017.
[30]
D. M. J. Lazer, “The science of fake news,” Science (80-. )., vol. 359, no. 6380, pp. 1094–1096, Mar. 2018.
[31]
H. Allcott and M. Gentzkow, “Social Media and Fake News in the 2016 Election,” J. Econ. Perspect., vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 211–236, May 2017.
[32]
OECD, “Policy responses to false and misleading digital content,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://read.oecd.org/10.1787/1104143e-en?format=pdf.
[33]
S. Vosoughi, D. Roy, and S. Aral, “The spread of true and false news online,” Science (80-. )., vol. 359, no. 6380, pp. 1146–1151, Mar. 2018.
[34]
H. Wardle, C., & Derakhshan, “Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making,” 2017. [Online]. Available: https://rm.coe.int/information-disorder-toward-an-interdisciplinary-framework-for-researc/168076277c.
[35]
V. L. Rubin, “Disinformation and misinformation triangle,” J. Doc., vol. 75, no. 5, pp. 1013–1034, Sep. 2019.
[36]
et al. Tracie Farrell, “Survey of Misinformation Detection Methods.” [Online]. Available: D3.2-H2020-Co-Inform-Survey-of-Misinformation-Detection-Methods.pdf (coinform.eu).
[37]
T. Le, L. Tran-Thanh, and D. Lee, “Socialbots on Fire: Modeling Adversarial Behaviors of Socialbots via Multi-Agent Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning,” in Proceedings of the ACM Web Conference 2022, Apr. 2022, pp. 545–554.
[38]
E. Aïmeur, S. Amri, and G. Brassard, “Fake news, disinformation and misinformation in social media: a review,” Soc. Netw. Anal. Min., vol. 13, no. 1, p. 30, Feb. 2023.
[39]
A. Nistor and E. Zadobrischi, “The Influence of Fake News on Social Media: Analysis and Verification of Web Content during the COVID-19 Pandemic by Advanced Machine Learning Methods and Natural Language Processing,” Sustainability, vol. 14, no. 17, p. 10466, Aug. 2022.
[40]
H. Zhang, M. A. Alim, X. Li, M. T. Thai, and H. T. Nguyen, “Misinformation in Online Social Networks,” ACM Trans. Inf. Syst., vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 1–24, May 2016.
[41]
F. Jin, E. Dougherty, P. Saraf, Y. Cao, and N. Ramakrishnan, “Epidemiological modeling of news and rumors on Twitter,” in Proceedings of the 7th Workshop on Social Network Mining and Analysis, Aug. 2013, pp. 1–9.
[42]
I. Global, “What is Digital Platform.” IGI Global, pp. 1–3, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/beusin/55829.
[43]
X. C. and S.-C. J. Sin., “Misinformation? what of it?’: motivations and individual differences in misinformation sharing on social media,” in 76th ASIS&T Annual Meeting: Beyond the Cloud: Rethinking Information Boundaries (ASIST ’13), 2013, pp. 1–4, [Online]. Available: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.5555/2655780.2655884.
[44]
S. C. J. hen, X. and Sin, “Misinformation? what of it?’: motivations and individual differences in misinformation sharing on social media,” in 76th ASIS&T Annual Meeting: Beyond the Cloud: Rethinking Information, 2013, pp. 1–4, [Online]. Available: https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.5555/2655780.2655884.
[45]
J. Urakami, Y. Kim, H. Oura, and K. Seaborn, “Finding Strategies Against Misinformation in Social Media: A Qualitative Study,” in CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts, Apr. 2022, pp. 1–7.
[46]
T. K. Koch, L. Frischlich, and E. Lermer, “Effects of fact‐checking warning labels and social endorsement cues on climate change fake news credibility and engagement on social media,” J. Appl. Soc. Psychol., Jan. 2023.
[47]
Edelman Trust Barometer, “Fact-checking tool - Barometer.” pp. 1–5, 2021.
[48]
E. A. Kyza, “Combating misinformation online: re-imagining social media for policy-making,” Internet Policy Rev., vol. 9, no. 4, 2020.
[49]
UNCTAD, “Digital Economy Report 2021 - Cross-border data flows and development: For whom the data flow,” 2021. [Online]. Available: https://unctad.org/system/files/official-document/der2021_en.pdf.
[50]
C. Wang, N. Zhang, and C. Wang, “Managing privacy in the digital economy,” Fundam. Res., vol. 1, no. 5, pp. 543–551, Sep. 2021.
[51]
S. I. H. Shah (Digital Cooperation Organization-DCO), A. Abdulaal, and V. Peristeras, “Data divide in digital trade, and its impacts on the digital economy: A literature review,” in 15th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance, Oct. 2022, pp. 432–439.
[52]
K. H. Tan, G. Ji, C. P. Lim, and M.-L. Tseng, “Using big data to make better decisions in the digital economy,” Int. J. Prod. Res., vol. 55, no. 17, pp. 4998–5000, Sep. 2017.
[53]
UNCTAD, “Digital Economy Report 2021 - Cross-border data flows and development: For whom the data flow,” 2021.
[54]
T. Hamdi, H. Slimi, I. Bounhas, and Y. Slimani, “A Hybrid Approach for Fake News Detection in Twitter Based on User Features and Graph Embedding,” 2020, pp. 266–280.
[55]
M. R. Islam, S. Liu, X. Wang, and G. Xu, “Deep learning for misinformation detection on online social networks: a survey and new perspectives,” Soc. Netw. Anal. Min., vol. 10, no. 1, p. 82, Dec. 2020.
[56]
Tineye, “Tineye Tool,” Fact-checking tool, 2021. https://tineye.com/ (accessed Feb. 05, 2023).
[57]
N. Komendantova, “A value-driven approach to addressing misinformation in social media,” Humanit. Soc. Sci. Commun., vol. 8, no. 1, p. 33, Jan. 2021.
[58]
fakespot, “Fakespot Analyzer Tool,” Fact-checking tool, 2019. https://www.fakespot.com/. (accessed Jan. 01, 2023).
[59]
Co-inform, “Co-inform Plugin.” .
[60]
ellinikahoaxes, “Ellinika Hoaxes Tool,” Fact-checking tool, 2023. https://www.ellinikahoaxes.gr/. (accessed Jan. 01, 2023).
[61]
EU, “The impact of digital platforms on news and journalistic content – Final report. Australian Competition and Consumer Commission.,” 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.accc.gov.au/system/files/ACCC+commissioned+report+-+The+impact+of+digital+platforms+on+news+and+journalistic+content,+Centre+for+Media+Transition+(2).pdf.
[62]
H. Puig Larrauri and M. Morrison, “Understanding Digital Conflict Drivers,” in Fundamental Challenges to Global Peace and Security, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022, pp. 169–200.
[63]
UN, “Access to information is the cure of disinformation.” UN, pp. 1–20, [Online]. Available: https://www.un.org/en/coronavirus/access-information-cure-disinformation.
[64]
UN, “Officials Outline United Nations Fight against Disinformation on Multiple Fronts as Fourth Committee Takes Up Questions Related to Informatio.” UN, 2021.
[65]
UN, “UN's rights council adopts ‘fake news’ resolution.” UN, pp. 1–4, 2022, [Online]. Available: https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/04/1115412.
[66]
GPAI, “Global Partnership on AI.” GPAI, 2023, [Online]. Available: https://www.gpai.ai/about/.
[67]
J. Gu, “The impact of Facebook's vaccine misinformation policy on user endorsements of vaccine content: An interrupted time series analysis,” Vaccine, vol. 40, no. 14, pp. 2209–2214, Mar. 2022.
[68]
Arlene Fink, Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From the Internet to paper, 5th ed. Los Angeles, USA: SAGE, 2010.
[69]
S. Miller, “Freedom of Political Communication, Propaganda and the Role of Epistemic Institutions in Cyberspace,” 2020, pp. 227–243.
[70]
M. Du, F. Li, G. Zheng, and V. Srikumar, “DeepLog,” in Proceedings of the 2017 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security, Oct. 2017, pp. 1285–1298.
[71]
A. Habib, M. Z. Asghar, A. Khan, A. Habib, and A. Khan, “False information detection in online content and its role in decision making: a systematic literature review,” Soc. Netw. Anal. Min., vol. 9, no. 1, p. 50, Dec. 2019.
[72]
A. Cerone, E. Naghizade, F. Scholer, D. Mallal, R. Skelton, and D. Spina, “Watch ’n’ Check: Towards a Social Media Monitoring Tool to Assist Fact-Checking Experts,” in 2020 IEEE 7th International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA), Oct. 2020, pp. 607–613.
[73]
P. Juneja and T. Mitra, “Human and Technological Infrastructures of Fact-checking,” Proc. ACM Human-Computer Interact., vol. 6, no. CSCW2, pp. 1–36, Nov. 2022.
[74]
L. Hu, S. Wei, Z. Zhao, and B. Wu, “Deep learning for fake news detection: A comprehensive survey,” AI Open, vol. 3, pp. 133–155, 2022.
[75]
H. S. of Governance, “Tackling Misinformation: Towards a Policy Framework.” Tackling Misinformation: Towards a Policy Framework, pp. 1–35, 2019, [Online]. Available: https://www.hertie-school.org/fileadmin/user_upload/muhammad_rafay/Hertie_School_tackling_misinformation_policy_framework.pdf.
[76]
Digital Cooperation Organization (DCO), “Bridging the Gap,” ; 2023; availble at web-link here

Index Terms

  1. The rapid spread of online misinformation and its impact on the digital economy

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image ACM Other conferences
      ICEGOV '23: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance
      September 2023
      509 pages
      ISBN:9798400707421
      DOI:10.1145/3614321
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 20 November 2023

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Author Tags

      1. Challenges
      2. Digital Economy
      3. Fact-checking tools
      4. Misinformation
      5. Misleading online content
      6. Policy recommendations
      7. disinformation
      8. social media and Digital Platforms

      Qualifiers

      • Research-article
      • Research
      • Refereed limited

      Conference

      ICEGOV 2023

      Acceptance Rates

      Overall Acceptance Rate 350 of 865 submissions, 40%

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • 0
        Total Citations
      • 110
        Total Downloads
      • Downloads (Last 12 months)110
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)13
      Reflects downloads up to 20 Nov 2024

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      View Options

      Login options

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      HTML Format

      View this article in HTML Format.

      HTML Format

      Media

      Figures

      Other

      Tables

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media