research-article

Privacy-Enhancing Technology and Everyday Augmented Reality: Understanding Bystanders' Varying Needs for Awareness and Consent

Authors:

Joseph O'Hagan,

Jan Gugenheimer,

Daniel Medeiros,

Mohamed Khamis,

Mark McGillAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, Volume 6, Issue 4

Article No.: 177, Pages 1 - 35

https://doi.org/10.1145/3569501

Published: 11 January 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Fundamental to Augmented Reality (AR) headsets is their capacity to visually and aurally sense the world around them, necessary to drive the positional tracking that makes rendering 3D spatial content possible. This requisite sensing also opens the door for more advanced AR-driven activities, such as augmented perception, volumetric capture and biometric identification - activities with the potential to expose bystanders to significant privacy risks. Existing Privacy-Enhancing Technologies (PETs) often safeguard against these risks at a low level e.g., instituting camera access controls. However, we argue that such PETs are incompatible with the need for always-on sensing given AR headsets' intended everyday use. Through an online survey (N=102), we examine bystanders' awareness of, and concerns regarding, potentially privacy infringing AR activities; the extent to which bystanders' consent should be sought; and the level of granularity of information necessary to provide awareness of AR activities to bystanders. Our findings suggest that PETs should take into account the AR activity type, and relationship to bystanders, selectively facilitating awareness and consent. In this way, we can ensure bystanders feel their privacy is respected by everyday AR headsets, and avoid unnecessary rejection of these powerful devices by society.

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McWhorter RLaurie M(2024)Invasive and Creepy TechnologiesDisruptive Technologies in Education and Workforce Development10.4018/979-8-3693-3003-6.ch004(70-94)Online publication date: 30-Jun-2024
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Indradevi RVenkataswamy KSaravanan SMittal A(2024)Ethical Considerations as Limitations of Extended RealityMultidisciplinary Applications of Extended Reality for Human Experience10.4018/979-8-3693-2432-5.ch003(44-63)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2024
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Index Terms

Privacy-Enhancing Technology and Everyday Augmented Reality: Understanding Bystanders' Varying Needs for Awareness and Consent
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Interaction paradigms
      1. Mixed / augmented reality
      2. Virtual reality
  2. Ubiquitous and mobile computing
    1. Ubiquitous and mobile devices
2. Security and privacy
  1. Human and societal aspects of security and privacy

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies

Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies Volume 6, Issue 4

December 2022

1534 pages

EISSN:2474-9567

DOI:10.1145/3580286

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