research-article

Toxicity in the Decentralized Web and the Potential for Model Sharing

Authors:

Aravindh Raman,

Ignacio Castro,

Ishaku Hassan Anaobi,

Emiliano De Cristofaro,

Nishanth Sastry,

Gareth TysonAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems, Volume 6, Issue 2

Article No.: 35, Pages 1 - 25

https://doi.org/10.1145/3530901

Published: 06 June 2022 Publication History

Abstract

The "Decentralised Web" (DW) is an evolving concept, which encompasses technologies aimed at providing greater transparency and openness on the web. The DW relies on independent servers (aka instances) that mesh together in a peer-to-peer fashion to deliver a range of services (e.g. micro-blogs, image sharing, video streaming). However, toxic content moderation in this decentralised context is challenging. This is because there is no central entity that can define toxicity, nor a large central pool of data that can be used to build universal classifiers. It is therefore unsurprising that there have been several high-profile cases of the DW being misused to coordinate and disseminate harmful material. Using a dataset of 9.9M posts from 117K users on Pleroma (a popular DW microblogging service), we quantify the presence of toxic content. We find that toxic content is prevalent and spreads rapidly between instances. We show that automating per-instance content moderation is challenging due to the lack of sufficient training data available and the effort required in labelling. We therefore propose and evaluate ModPair, a model sharing system that effectively detects toxic content, gaining an average per-instance macro-F1 score 0.89.

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cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems

Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems Volume 6, Issue 2

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June 2022

499 pages

EISSN:2476-1249

DOI:10.1145/3543145

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Augustin Chaintreau
Columbia University
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Leana Golubchik
University of Southern California
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Zhi-Li Zhang
University of Minnesota

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