research-article

Subtletee: Augmenting Posture Awareness for Beginner Golfers

Authors:

Mikołaj P. Woźniak,

Julia Dominiak,

Michał Pieprzowski,

Piotr Ładoński,

Krzysztof Grudzień,

Andrzej Romanowski,

Paweł W. WoźniakAuthors Info & Claims

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction, Volume 4, Issue ISS

Article No.: 204, Pages 1 - 24

https://doi.org/10.1145/3427332

Published: 04 November 2020 Publication History

Abstract

While the sport of golf offers unique opportunities for people of all ages to be active, it also requires mastering complex movements before it can be fully enjoyed. Extensive training is required to begin achieving any success, which may demotivate prospective players away from the sport. To aid beginner golfers and enable them to practice without supervision, we designed Subtletee---a system that enhances the bodily awareness of golfers by providing feedback on the position of their feet and elbows. We first identified key problems golf beginners face through expert interviews. We then evaluated different feedback modalities for Subtletee---visual, tactile and auditory in an experiment with 20 beginner golfers. We found that providing proprioception feedback increased the users' performance on the driving range, with tactile feedback providing the most benefits. Our work provides insights on delivering feedback during physical activity that requires high precision movements.

Supplementary Material

ZIP File (v4issa204aux.zip)

Auxiliary material presents video figures used in online pre-study, in .mp4 format.

Download
38.41 MB

MP4 File (v4issa204.mp4)

Supplemental video

Download
110.24 MB

References

[1]

Herman Aguinis and Kyle J. Bradley. 2014. Best practice recommendations for designing and implementing experimental vignette methodology studies. Organizational Research Methods, Vol. 17, 4 (2014), 351--371.

[2]

Jessalyn Alvina, Shengdong Zhao, Simon T. Perrault, Maryam Azh, Thijs Roumen, and Morten Fjeld. 2015. OmniVib: Towards Cross-body Spatiotemporal Vibrotactile Notifications for Mobile Phones. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Seoul, Republic of Korea) (CHI '15). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 2487--2496. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702341

Digital Library

[3]

Fraser Anderson, Tovi Grossman, Justin Matejka, and George Fitzmaurice. 2013. YouMove: Enhancing Movement Training with an Augmented Reality Mirror. In Proceedings of the 26th Annual ACM Symp. on User Interface Software and Technology (St. Andrews, Scotland, United Kingdom) (UIST '13). Association for Computing Machinery, NY, NY, USA, 311--320. https://doi.org/10.1145/2501988.2502045

Digital Library

[4]

Arccos. 2015. Arccos Golf. arccosgolf.uk

[5]

Simon Asplund and Martin Jonsson. 2018. SWAY - Designing for Balance and Posture Awareness. In Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conf. on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction (Stockholm, Sweden) (TEI '18). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 470--475. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173225.3173262

Digital Library

[6]

Stephen Barrass and Gregory Kramer. 1999. Using sonification. Multimedia Systems, Vol. 7, 1 (01 Jan 1999), 23--31. https://doi.org/10.1007/s005300050108

[7]

Marta M. N. Biekiewicz, Lionel Bringoux, Franck Buloup, Matthew Rodger, Cathy Craig, and Christophe Bourdin. 2019. The Limitations of Being a Copycat: Learning Golf Putting Through Auditory and Visual Guidance. Frontiers in Psychology, Vol. 10 (2019), 92. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00092

[8]

Ann Blandford, Dominic Furniss, and Stephann Makri. 2016. Qualitative HCI research: Going behind the scenes. Vol. 9. Morgan & Claypool Publishers. 1--115 pages.

[9]

Joel Beall Brian Zimmerli. 2019. Am I Too Poor to Play Golf? Golfworld by Golf Digest (2019). https://www.golfdigest.com/story/am-i-too-poor-to-play-golf

[10]

Gi Broman, Lena Johnsson, and Lennart Kaijser. 2004. Golf: a high intensity interval activity for elderly men. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, Vol. 16, 5 (01 Oct 2004), 375--381. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03324567

[11]

John Brooke et almbox. 1996. SUS-A quick and dirty usability scale. Usability evaluation in industry, Vol. 189, 194 (1996), 4--7.

[12]

Douglas S. Brungart. 2002. Near-field Virtual Audio Displays. Presence: Teleoper. Virtual Environ., Vol. 11, 1 (Feb. 2002), 93--106. https://doi.org/10.1162/105474602317343686

[13]

Voice Caddie. [n.d.]. Swing Caddie SC200. https://voicecaddie.com/products/practice/swing-caddie/sc200-swing-caddie/

[14]

Marta G. Carcedo, Soon Hau Chua, Simon Perrault, Pawel W. Wo'zniak, Raj Joshi, Mohammad Obaid, Morten Fjeld, and Shengdong Zhao. 2016. HaptiColor: Interpolating Color Information As Haptic Feedback to Assist the Colorblind. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (San Jose, California, USA) (CHI '16). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 3572--3583. https://doi.org/10.1145/2858036.2858220

Digital Library

[15]

Ashley Colley, Pawel W. Wo'zniak, Francisco Kiss, and Jonna H"akkil"a. 2018. Shoe Integrated Displays: A Prototype Sports Shoe Display and Design Space. In Proceedings of the 10th Nordic Conf. on Human-Computer Interaction (Oslo, Norway) (NordiCHI '18). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 39--46. https://doi.org/10.1145/3240167.3240216

Digital Library

[16]

Caleb Conner and Gene Michael Poor. 2016. Correcting Exercise Form Using Body Tracking. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conf. Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (San Jose, California, USA) (CHI EA '16). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 3028--3034. https://doi.org/10.1145/2851581.2892519

Digital Library

[17]

Milena Droumeva and Ron Wakkary. 2006. Sound Intensity Gradients in an Ambient Intelligence Audio Display. In CHI '06 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Montréal, Québec, Canada) (CHI EA '06). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 724--729. https://doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125597

Digital Library

[18]

Giorgia D'Innocenzo, Claudia C. Gonzalez, A. Mark Williams, and Daniel T. Bishop. 2016. Looking to Learn: The Effects of Visual Guidance on Observational Learning of the Golf Swing. PLOS ONE, Vol. 11, 5 (05 2016), 1--19. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0155442

[19]

Don Samitha Elvitigala, Denys J.C. Matthies, Löic David, Chamod Weerasinghe, and Suranga Nanayakkara. 2019. GymSoles: Improving Squats and Dead-Lifts by Visualizing the User's Center of Pressure. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Glasgow, Scotland Uk) (CHI '19). ACM, NY, NY, USA, Article 174, bibinfonumpages12 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300404

Digital Library

[20]

Kevin Fan, Jean-Marc Seigneur, Jonathan Guislain, Suranga Nanayakkara, and Masahiko Inami. 2016. Augmented Winter Ski with AR HMD. In Proceedings of the 7th Augmented Human International Conf. 2016 (Geneva, Switzerland) (AH '16). Association for Computing Machinery, NY, NY, USA, Article 34, bibinfonumpages2 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2875194.2875202

Digital Library

[21]

B. Farahmand, G. Broman, U. De Faire, D. Vågerö, and A. Ahlbom. 2009. Golf: a game of life and death -- reduced mortality in Swedish golf players. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, Vol. 19, 3 (2009), 419--424. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2008.00814.x https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002--9343(00)00455--1

[22]

Dimitrios Raptis, Nikolaos Tselios, Jesper Kjeldskov, and Mikael B. Skov. 2013. Does Size Matter? Investigating the Impact of Mobile Phone Screen Size on Users' Perceived Usability, Effectiveness and Efficiency. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conf. on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Munich, Germany) (MobileHCI '13). Association for Computing Machinery, NY, NY, USA, 127--136. https://doi.org/10.1145/2493190.2493204

[23]

Jonathan H. Schuett, Riley J. Winton, Jared M. Batterman, and Bruce N. Walker. 2014. Auditory Weather Reports: Demonstrating Listener Comprehension of Five Concurrent Variables. In Proceedings of the 9th Audio Mostly: A Conf. on Interaction With Sound (Aalborg, Denmark) (AM '14). ACM, NY, NY, USA, Article 17, bibinfonumpages7 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2636879.2636898

[24]

Ben Shneiderman and Catherine Plaisant. 2010. Designing the user interface: strategies for effective human-computer interaction .Pearson Education India.

[25]

Thomas Smith, Simon J. Bowen, Bettina Nissen, Jonathan Hook, Arno Verhoeven, John Bowers, Peter Wright, and Patrick Olivier. 2015. Exploring Gesture Sonification to Support Reflective Craft Practice. In Proceedings of the 33rd Annual ACM Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Seoul, Republic of Korea) (CHI '15). Association for Computing Machinery, NY, NY, USA, 67--76. https://doi.org/10.1145/2702123.2702497

Digital Library

[26]

Fabrizio Sors, Mauro Murgia, Ilaria Santoro, and Tiziano Agostini. 2015. Audio-based interventions in sport. The Open Psychology Journal, Vol. 8, 1 (2015).

[27]

Foresight Sports. 2019. Foresight GC2. https://www.foresightsports.com/gc2-smart-camera-system

[28]

Ramin Tadayon, Winslow Burleson, and Ashish Amresh. 2012. World of Golf: A Socially Relevant Simulation Game. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conf. on Fun and Games (Toulouse, France) (FnG '12). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 83--92. https://doi.org/10.1145/2367616.2367626

Digital Library

[29]

Chek Tien Tan, Richard Byrne, Simon Lui, Weilong Liu, and Florian Mueller. 2015. JoggAR: A Mixed-Modality AR Approach for Technology-Augmented Jogging. In SIGGRAPH Asia 2015 Mobile Graphics and Interactive Applications (Kobe, Japan) (SA '15). Association for Computing Machinery, NY, NY, USA, Article 33, bibinfonumpages1 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/2818427.2818434

[30]

Yuka Tanaka, Homare Kon, and Hideki Koike. 2018. A Real-time Golf-swing Training System Using Sonification and Sound Image Localization. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM Symp. on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (Tokyo, Japan) (VRST '18). ACM, NY, NY, USA, Article 66, bibinfonumpages2 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3281505.3281604

Digital Library

[31]

Jakob Tholander and Carolina Johansson. 2010. Design Qualities for Whole Body Interaction: Learning from Golf, Skateboarding and BodyBugging. In Proceedings of the 6th Nordic Conf. on Human-Computer Interaction: Extending Boundaries (Reykjavik, Iceland) (NordiCHI '10). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 493--502. https://doi.org/10.1145/1868914.1868970

Digital Library

[32]

Laia Turmo Vidal, Elena Márquez Segura, Luis Parrilla Bel, and Annika Waern. 2018. Exteriorizing Body Alignment in Collocated Physical Training. In Extended Abstracts of the 2018 CHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Montreal QC, Canada) (CHI EA '18). ACM, NY, NY, USA, Article LBW583, bibinfonumpages6 pages. https://doi.org/10.1145/3170427.3188685

[33]

Frederik Mørch Valsted, Christopher V. H. Nielsen, Jacob Qvist Jensen, Tobias Sonne, and Mads Møller Jensen. 2017. Strive: Exploring Assistive Haptic Feedback on the Run. In Proceedings of the 29th Australian Conf. on Computer-Human Interaction (Brisbane, Queensland, Australia) (OZCHI '17). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 275--284. https://doi.org/10.1145/3152771.3152801

Digital Library

[34]

Frederik Wiehr, Felix Kosmalla, Florian Daiber, and Antonio Krüger. 2016. Interfaces for Assessing the Rated Perceived Exertion (RPE) During High-intensity Activities. In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conf. on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing: Adjunct (Heidelberg, Germany) (UbiComp '16). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 851--855. https://doi.org/10.1145/2968219.2968532

Digital Library

[35]

Jacob O. Wobbrock, Leah Findlater, Darren Gergle, and James J. Higgins. 2011. The Aligned Rank Transform for Nonparametric Factorial Analyses Using Only Anova Procedures. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conf. on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Vancouver, BC, Canada) (CHI '11). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 143--146. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1978963

[36]

Pawel W. Wozniak, Kristina Knaving, Staffan Björk, and Morten Fjeld. 2015. RUFUS: Remote Supporter Feedback for Long-Distance Runners. In Proceedings of the 17th International Conf. on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (Copenhagen, Denmark) (MobileHCI '15). ACM, NY, NY, USA, 115--124. https://doi.org/10.1145/2785830.2785893

Digital Library

[37]

Gabriele Wulf, Steven Orr, and Guillaume Chauvel. 2017. Optimizing golf skill learning. The Routledge International Handbook of Golf Science (2017), 88--97.

[38]

FRH Zijlstra. 1993. Efficiency in work behaviour: A design approach for modern tools (Doctoral dissertation). Retrieved from Repository TU Delft (90--6275--918--1) (1993).

Cited By

Ono SNinomiya NKanai H(2024)Haptic Feedback to Reduce Individual Differences in Corrective Actions for Skill LearningCompanion Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3686215.3690158(16-20)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3686215.3690158
Turmo Vidal LVega-Cebrián JValdez Gastelum MMárquez Segura ELey-Flores JDiaz Duran JTajadura-Jiménez A(2024)Body Sensations as Design Material: An Approach to Design Sensory Technology for Altering Body PerceptionProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660701(2545-2561)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643834.3660701
Ley-Flores JVidal LSegura ESingh ABevilacqua FCuadrado FDurán JValdiviezo-Hernández OSánchez-Martin MTajadura-Jiménez A(2024)Co-Designing Sensory Feedback for Wearables to Support Physical Activity through Body SensationsProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36434998:1(1-31)Online publication date: 6-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643499
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Subtletee: Augmenting Posture Awareness for Beginner Golfers
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)

Recommendations

MTBalance: Assisting Novice Mountain Bikers with Real-Time Proprioceptive Feedback
ISS

Mountain Biking (MTB) is an increasingly popular outdoors activity which offers a unqiue connection to nature along with the health benefits of cardiovascular exercise. Yet, complex MTB technique is an entry barrier that often prevent novices from ...
Feedback Solutions in Rowing Training
UbiComp '24: Companion of the 2024 on ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing

The growing accessibility of wearables for sports encourages people to track their training progress and health information while exercising. The recorded information provides insights into the body and forms the basis for feedback systems. Though ...
A Sitting Balance Training Robot for Trunk Rehabilitation of Acute and Subacute Stroke Patients
ICBBS '17: Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science

Objective: to test the stability of a sitting balance training robot and to verify the physiological effects on trunk muscles during the robot training.

Method: fundamental experiment and robot test experiment were conducted. EMG and kinematic data were ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction

Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction Volume 4, Issue ISS

ISS

November 2020

488 pages

EISSN:2573-0142

DOI:10.1145/3433930

Editor:
Jeff Nichols
Apple Inc.

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © 2020 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 04 November 2020

Published in PACMHCI Volume 4, Issue ISS

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

22
Total Citations
View Citations
638
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)179
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)24

Reflects downloads up to 18 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Ono SNinomiya NKanai H(2024)Haptic Feedback to Reduce Individual Differences in Corrective Actions for Skill LearningCompanion Proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Multimodal Interaction10.1145/3686215.3690158(16-20)Online publication date: 4-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3686215.3690158
Turmo Vidal LVega-Cebrián JValdez Gastelum MMárquez Segura ELey-Flores JDiaz Duran JTajadura-Jiménez A(2024)Body Sensations as Design Material: An Approach to Design Sensory Technology for Altering Body PerceptionProceedings of the 2024 ACM Designing Interactive Systems Conference10.1145/3643834.3660701(2545-2561)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643834.3660701
Ley-Flores JVidal LSegura ESingh ABevilacqua FCuadrado FDurán JValdiviezo-Hernández OSánchez-Martin MTajadura-Jiménez A(2024)Co-Designing Sensory Feedback for Wearables to Support Physical Activity through Body SensationsProceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies10.1145/36434998:1(1-31)Online publication date: 6-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3643499
Turmo Vidal LTajadura-Jiménez AVega-Cebrián JLey-Flores JDíaz-Durán JMárquez Segura ECiolfi LHogan TDöring TJenkins Tvan Dijk JHuron SLi ZCoyle DSigner B(2024)Body Transformation: An Experiential Quality of Sensory Feedback Wearables for Altering Body PerceptionProceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction10.1145/3623509.3633373(1-19)Online publication date: 11-Feb-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3623509.3633373
Jones MCaminita MKlemm EBruening DRidge S(2024)Training, children, and parentsInternational Journal of Human-Computer Studies10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.103184183:COnline publication date: 14-Mar-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.103184
Arranz-Paraíso SArranz-Paraíso D(2023)The Extent of New Technologies in Urban EnvironmentsIntersecting Health, Livability, and Human Behavior in Urban Environments10.4018/978-1-6684-6924-8.ch012(251-272)Online publication date: 3-May-2023
https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6924-8.ch012
Eska BPhilip MWozniak PSchmidt AKarolus J(2023)[Don't] Let The Bodies HIIT The Floor: Fostering Body Awareness in Fast-Paced Physical Activity Using Body-Worn SensorsProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36042507:MHCI(1-27)Online publication date: 13-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3604250
Chamunorwa MWozniak MKrämer SMüller HBoll S(2023)An Empirical Comparison of Moderated and Unmoderated Gesture Elicitation Studies on Soft Surfaces and Objects for Smart Home ControlProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36042457:MHCI(1-24)Online publication date: 13-Sep-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3604245
Woźniak MWalczak ASałata AWróbel-Lachowska MGrudzień KMüller HBoll SRomanowski A(2023)Exploring Recognition Accuracy of Vibrotactile Stimuli in Sternoclavicular AreaProceedings of the 2023 ACM International Symposium on Wearable Computers10.1145/3594738.3611372(98-103)Online publication date: 8-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3594738.3611372
Liao CHwang DWu EKoike HWard JMcGill MMarky K(2023)AI Coach: A Motor Skill Training System using Motion Discrepancy DetectionProceedings of the Augmented Humans International Conference 202310.1145/3582700.3582710(179-189)Online publication date: 12-Mar-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3582700.3582710
Show More Cited By

View Options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Article

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents