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CARPOOL: extending free internet access over DTN in urban environment

Published: 30 September 2013 Publication History

Abstract

In order to address the challenge of digital exclusion, we introduce an access method based on message ferrying that enables free delay-tolerant Internet access to all. Targeting an urban scenario, where means of public transport, such as buses and trams, follow a predefined route and schedule, we utilise a priori knowledge about their current location to extend Internet access provided by hotspots to users and areas that are not typically covered. In this paper, we explore how the deployment of DTN-capable nodes can extend free Internet coverage in metropolitan areas, we depict the inefficiency of existing DTN routing protocols in highly-dense environments and we propose Connectivity plAn Routing PrOtOcOL (CARPOOL), a reference routing protocol to support our claims. CARPOOL exploits the connectivity plan of public transportation, achieving high delivery ratio with minimum overhead.

References

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Burgess, J., Gallagher, B., and Levine, B.N. 2006. MaxProp: Routing for Vehicle-Based Disruption-Tolerant Networks. In Proceedings of IEEE Infocom. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/INFOCOM.2006.228.
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Burleigh, S. 2010. Contact Graph Routing. Internet Draft.
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Cerf, V., Burleigh, S., Hooke, A., Torgerson, L., Durst, L., Scott, K., Fall, K., and Weiss, H. 2007. Delay-Tolerant Networking Architecture. RFC4838.
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Demmer, M., and Fall, K. 2009. The design and implementation of a session layer for delay-tolerant networks. Computer Communications, Vol. 32, Issue 16, 1724--1730. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.comcom.2009.02.010.
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Keranen, A., Ott, J., and Karkkainen, T. 2009. The ONE simulator for DTN protocol evaluation. In SIMUTools '09: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Simulation Tools and Techniques. New York. DOI= http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/ICST.SIMUTOOLS2009.5674.
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Lindgren, A., Doria, A., Davies, E., and Grasic, S. 2011. Probabilistic routing protocol for intermittently connected networks. Internet Draft.
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Scott, K., Burleigh, S. 2007. Bundle protocol specification. RFC 5050.
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Spyropoulos, T., Psounis, K., and Raghavendra, C. S. 2005. Spray and wait: An efficient routing scheme for intermittently connected mobile networks. In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM Workshop on Delay Tolerant Networking (WDTN). DOI=http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1080139.1080143.
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Vahdat, A., and Becker, D. 2000. Epidemic routing for partially connected ad hoc networks. Technical Report CS-200006. Duke University.

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      cover image ACM Conferences
      LCDNet '13: Proceedings of the 2013 ACM MobiCom workshop on Lowest cost denominator networking for universal access
      September 2013
      60 pages
      ISBN:9781450323659
      DOI:10.1145/2502880
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 30 September 2013

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      Author Tags

      1. DTN routing
      2. delay tolerant networking
      3. free internet

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      LCDNet '13 Paper Acceptance Rate 9 of 13 submissions, 69%;
      Overall Acceptance Rate 9 of 13 submissions, 69%

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      • (2020)Performance Evaluation of Delay-Tolerant Routing Protocols on Bangladesh MapAdvanced Computing and Intelligent Engineering10.1007/978-981-15-1483-8_39(461-471)Online publication date: 4-Mar-2020
      • (2015)Impact of human behavior on social opportunistic forwardingAd Hoc Networks10.1016/j.adhoc.2014.07.00125:PB(293-302)Online publication date: 1-Feb-2015
      • (2015)A DTN-based architecture for public transport networksannals of telecommunications - annales des télécommunications10.1007/s12243-015-0473-870:11-12(523-542)Online publication date: 8-Aug-2015
      • (2014)CARPOOL: Connectivity Plan Routing ProtocolWired/Wireless Internet Communications10.1007/978-3-319-13174-0_21(269-282)Online publication date: 2014

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