Three-Dimensional Design Space Exploration for System Level Synthesis

In this paper, we propose an efficient and effective three-dimensional design space exploration method for mapping a DSP system in synchronous data flow graph format onto an RTL or lower level hardware description using constraint programming. The three dimensions are 1) schedule level parallelism (The parallelism of the executions for one DSP function, fully parallel, semi-parallel or fully serial), 2) function level parallelism (how many function implementations are used to implement each of the DSP functions), and 3) arithmetic level parallelism (how the function implementations are implemented). The design space exploration problem is formulated as a constraints satisfaction optimization problem and solved by the constraint programming solver in Google's or-tools. The proposed method is compared against two state-of-the-art commercial HLS tools for four realistic examples and one synthetic example. The metrics compared are runtime, accuracy and quality of results in terms of resource usage. We show on average, the proposed method is 85.22% faster compared to HLS tools, 4.3% more accurate and 8.27% better in quality of results. For the latter we have conservatively assumed the same function execution parallelism.