article

Route Optimization for Mobile IP

Authors:

Charles E. Perkins,

David B. JohnsonAuthors Info & Claims

Cluster Computing, Volume 1, Issue 2

Pages 161 - 176

https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1019033431871

Published: 01 April 1998 Publication History

Abstract

Route Optimization has been designed within the IETF to ameliorate the problem of triangle routing, a routing artifact introduced by Mobile IP’s requirement to route packets destined for a mobile node by way of its home network. In this article, we describe the current protocol specification for the Route Optimization protocol, concentrating on design decisions and justifications. Once the basic mechanisms are explained, we show how they are applied to enable foreign agents to offer smooth handoffs for mobile nodes, and describe the security operations that enable reliable operation of this handoff between foreign agents with which a mobile node has no pre-existing security relationship.

References

[1]

{1} S. Bradner and A. Mankin, The recommendation for the IP Next Generation Protocol, RFC 1752 (January 1995).

[2]

{2} CDPD consortium, Cellular Digital Packet Data Specification (Chicago, IL, 1993).

[3]

{3} S.E. Deering, ed., ICMP router discovery messages, RFC 1256 (September 1991).

[4]

{4} S. Deering and R. Hinden, Internet Protocol, version 6 (IPv6) specification, RFC 1883 (December 1995).

[5]

{5} W. Diffie and M. Hellman, New directions in cryptography, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 22 (November 1976) 644-654.

Digital Library

[6]

{6} D.E. Eastlake, S.D. Crocker and J.I. Schiller, Randomness recommendations for security, RFC 1750 (December 1994).

[7]

{7} S. Hanks, T. Li, D. Farinacci and P. Traina, Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE), RFC 1701 (October 1994).

[8]

{8} S. Hanks, T. Li, D. Farinacci and P. Traina, Generic routing encapsulation over IPv4 networks, RFC 1702 (October 1994).

[9]

{9} D.B. Johnson, Scalable and robust internetwork routing for mobile hosts, in: Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (June 1994) pp. 2-11.

[10]

{10} D. Johnson and C. Perkins, Mobility support in IPv6, draft-ietf-mobileip-ipv6-06.txt (August 1998). (Work in progress.)

[11]

{11} H. Krawczyk, M. Bellare and R. Cannetti, HMAC: keyed-hashing for message authentication, RFC 2104 (February 1997).

[12]

{12} T. Narten, E. Nordmark and W. Simpson, Neighbor discovery for IP version 6 (IPv6), RFC 1970 (August 1996).

Digital Library

[13]

{13} C. Perkins, IP encapsulation within IP, RFC 2003 (May 1996).

Digital Library

[14]

{14} C. Perkins, Minimal encapsulation within IP, RFC 2004 (May 1996).

Digital Library

[15]

{15} C. Perkins, ed., IP mobility support, RFC 2002 (October 1996).

Digital Library

[16]

{16} C.E. Perkins and D.B. Johnson, Special tunnels for Mobile IP, draft-ietf-mobileip-spectun-00.txt (November 1997). (Work in progress.)

[17]

{17} J.B. Postel, ed., Internet control message protocol, RFC 792 (September 1981).

[18]

{18} B. Schneier, Applied Cryptography: Protocols, Algorithms, and Source Code in C (Wiley, New York, 2nd ed., 1996).

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{19} S. Thomson and T. Narten, IPv6 stateless address autoconfiguration, RFC 1971 (August 1996).

Digital Library

Cited By

Praptodiyono SFirmansyah TAlaydrus MSantoso MOsman AAbdullah R(2020)Mobile IPv6 Vertical Handover Specifications, Threats, and Mitigation MethodsSecurity and Communication Networks10.1155/2020/54296302020Online publication date: 1-Jan-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1155/2020/5429630
Kuppusamy PKalpana RVenkateswara Rao P(2019)Optimized traffic control and data processing using IoTCluster Computing10.1007/s10586-018-2172-522:1(2169-2178)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10586-018-2172-5
Chaganti VKurose JVenkataramani A(2018)A Cross-Architectural Quantitative Evaluation of Mobility ApproachesIEEE INFOCOM 2018 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM.2018.8485893(639-647)Online publication date: 16-Apr-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/INFOCOM.2018.8485893
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Published In

cover image Cluster Computing

Cluster Computing Volume 1, Issue 2

1998

110 pages

ISSN:1386-7857

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Copyright © Copyright © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers.

Publisher

Kluwer Academic Publishers

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 April 1998

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Cited By

Praptodiyono SFirmansyah TAlaydrus MSantoso MOsman AAbdullah R(2020)Mobile IPv6 Vertical Handover Specifications, Threats, and Mitigation MethodsSecurity and Communication Networks10.1155/2020/54296302020Online publication date: 1-Jan-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1155/2020/5429630
Kuppusamy PKalpana RVenkateswara Rao P(2019)Optimized traffic control and data processing using IoTCluster Computing10.1007/s10586-018-2172-522:1(2169-2178)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s10586-018-2172-5
Chaganti VKurose JVenkataramani A(2018)A Cross-Architectural Quantitative Evaluation of Mobility ApproachesIEEE INFOCOM 2018 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications10.1109/INFOCOM.2018.8485893(639-647)Online publication date: 16-Apr-2018
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/INFOCOM.2018.8485893
Gao ZVenkataramani AKurose JHeimlicher S(2014)Towards a quantitative comparison of location-independent network architecturesACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review10.1145/2740070.262633344:4(259-270)Online publication date: 17-Aug-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2740070.2626333
Gao ZVenkataramani AKurose JHeimlicher SBustamante FHu YKrishnamurthy ARatnasamy S(2014)Towards a quantitative comparison of location-independent network architecturesProceedings of the 2014 ACM conference on SIGCOMM10.1145/2619239.2626333(259-270)Online publication date: 17-Aug-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2619239.2626333
Parvin SHussain FAli S(2012)A methodology to counter DoS attacks in mobile IP communicationMobile Information Systems10.5555/2595063.25950668:2(127-152)Online publication date: 1-Apr-2012
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/2595063.2595066
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Hao FLakshman TMukherjee SSong H(2010)Enhancing dynamic cloud-based services using network virtualizationACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review10.1145/1672308.167232240:1(67-74)Online publication date: 7-Jan-2010
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Wang YXiang QZhao Z(2010)Particle swarm optimizer with adaptive tabu and mutationACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems10.1145/1671948.16719495:1(1-27)Online publication date: 25-Feb-2010
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Zhong FYeo CLee B(2010)Enabling inter-PMIPv6-domain handover with traffic distributorsJournal of Network and Computer Applications10.1016/j.jnca.2010.03.00133:4(397-409)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2010
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