Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
research-article

Three social car visions to improve driver behaviour

Published: 01 October 2014 Publication History

Abstract

The social cost of road injury and fatalities is still unacceptable. The driver is often mainly responsible for road crashes, therefore changing the driver behaviour is one of the most important and most challenging priority in road transport. This paper presents three innovative visions that articulate the potential of using Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) communication for supporting the exchange of social information amongst drivers. We argue that there could be tremendous benefits in socialising cars to influence human driving behaviours for the better and that this aspect is still relevant in the age of looming autonomous cars. Our visions provide theoretical grounding how V2V infrastructure and emerging human-machine interfaces (HMI) could persuade drivers to (i) adopt better (e.g. greener) driving practices, (ii) reduce drivers aggressiveness towards pro-social driving behaviours, and (iii) reduce risk-taking behaviour in young, particularly male, adults. The visions present simple but powerful concepts that reveal 'good' aspects of the driver behaviour to other drivers and make them contagious. The use of self-efficacy, social norms, gamification theories and social cues could then increase the likelihood of a widespread adoption of such 'good' driving behaviours.

References

[1]
J.A. Michon, A critical view of driver behavior models: what do we know, what should we do?, in: Human Behavior and Traffic Safety, Plenum Press, 1985, pp. 485-520.
[2]
S. Stradling, Car driver speed choice in Scotland, Ergonomics (2007).
[3]
J.J. Fleiter, A.J. Lennon, B. Watson, How do other people influence your driving speed? Exploring the 'who' and the 'how' of social influences on speeding from a qualitative perspective, Transp. Res. F: Traffic Psychol. Behav., 13 (2010) 49-62.
[4]
Road Safety: Impact of New Technologies, OECD Publications, Paris, France, 2003.
[5]
A. Kerckhoffs, La cryptographie militaire, J. Sci. Militaires, IX (1883) 5-38.
[6]
Driver Distraction: Theory, Effects and Mitigation, in: Driver Distraction: Theory, Effects and Mitigation, CRC Press, 2009.
[7]
S. Demmel, A. Lambert, D. Gruyer, A. Rakotonirainy, E. Monacelli, Empirical IEEE 802.11p performance evaluation on test tracks, in: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium 2012, IEEE, Alcala de Henares, Spain, 2012, pp. 837-842.
[8]
D. Gruyer, S. Demmel, B. D'Andrea-Novel, A. Lambert, A. Rakotonirainy, Simulation architecture for the design of cooperative collision warning systems, in: 2012 15th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, IEEE, 2012, pp. 697-703.
[9]
D. Kirsh, P. Maglio, On distinguishing epistemic from pragmatic action, Cogn. Sci., 18 (1994) 513-549.
[10]
P.P. Maglio, D. Kirsh, Epistemic action increases with skill, in: Proceedings of the Eighteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, Erlbaum, 1996, pp. 391-396.
[11]
P. Dourish, Where the Action Is: The Foundations of Embodied Interaction, MIT Press, 2004.
[12]
A. Hostetter, M. Alibali, Visible embodiment: gestures as simulated action, Psychon. Bull. Rev., 15 (2008) 495-514.
[13]
R. Schroeter, A. Rakotonirainy, M. Foth, The social car: new interactive vehicular applications derived from social media and urban informatics, in: 4th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, ACM, Portsmouth, New Hampshire, 2012, pp. 107-110.
[14]
R. Schroeter, A. Soro, A. Rakotonirainy, Social cars: sensing, gathering, sharing and conveying social cues to road users, in: Creating Personal, Social and Urban Awareness through Pervasive Computing, IGI Global, 2013.
[15]
A. Rakotonirainy, F. Feller, N.L. Haworth, Using in-vehicle avatars to prevent road violence, in: Pervasive 2008, Sydney, Australia, pp. 70-74.
[16]
R. Schroeter, A. Rakotonirainy, The future shape of digital cars, in: 2012 Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference, Wellington Convention Centre, Wellington, NZ, pp. 4-6.
[17]
B.J. Fogg, Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do, Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco, CA, 2002.
[18]
S. Consolvo, D.W. McDonald, J.A. Landay, Theory-driven design strategies for technologies that support behavior change in everyday life, in: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM, Boston, MA, USA, 2009, pp. 405-414.
[19]
A. Meschtscherjakov, D. Wilfinger, T. Scherndl, M. Tscheligi, Acceptance of future persuasive in-car interfaces towards a more economic driving behaviour, in: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications-AutomotiveUI'09, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 2009, pp. 81.
[20]
H. Rouzikhah, M. King, A. Rakotonirainy, Examining the effects of an eco-driving message on driver distraction, Accid. Anal. Prev., 50 (2013) 975-983.
[21]
A. Bergmans, S. Shahid, DriveRS: an in-car persuasive system for making driving safe and fun, in: Advances in Computer Entertainment, vol. 7624, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012, pp. 469-472.
[22]
J. Tulusan, T. Staake, E. Fleisch, Providing eco-driving feedback to corporate car drivers: what impact does a smartphone application have on their fuel efficiency?, in: Conference on Ubiquitous Computing, ACM, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 2012, pp. 212-215.
[23]
T. Pace, S. Ramalingam, D. Roedl, Celerometer and idling reminder: persuasive technology for school bus, in: Extended Abstracts CHI 2007, pp. 2085-2090. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1240866.1240954.
[24]
R. Ecker, P. Holzer, V. Broy, A. Butz, EcoChallenge: a race for efficiency, in: Proceedings of the 13th International ¿, 2011.
[25]
J. Tester, B.J. Fogg, M. Maile, CommuterNews: a prototype of persuasive in-car entertainment, in: CHI 00 CHI 00 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 24-25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/633292.633309.
[26]
E. Arroyo, S. Sullivan, T. Selker, CarCoach: a polite and effective driving coach, in: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2006 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, vol. 2, pp. 357-362. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1125451.1125529.
[27]
M. Kumar, T. Kim, Dynamic speedometer: dashboard redesign to discourage drivers from speeding, in: Proceedings of ACM CHI 2005 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, vol. 2, pp. 1573-1576. http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1056808.1056969.
[28]
A. Rakotonirainy, P. Obst, S.W. Loke, Socially aware computing constructs, IJSHC, 1 (2012) 375-395.
[29]
R.B. Cialdini, M.R. Trost, Social influence: social norms, conformity and compliance, in: The Handbook of Social Psychology, vol. II, McGraw-Hill, 1998, pp. 151-192.
[30]
A. Gangemi, Norms and plans as unification criteria for social collectives, Auton. Agent Mutli-Agent Syst., 17 (2008) 70-112.
[31]
M. Shipworth, Motivating Home Energy Action, Australian Greenhouse Office, 2000.
[32]
I. Ajzen, From Intentions to Actions: A Theory of Planned Behaviour, Springer Verlag, 1985.
[33]
L. Äberg, Drinking and driving: intentions, attitudes, and social norms of Swedish male drivers, Accid. Anal. Prev., 25 (1993) 289-296.
[34]
A. Bandura, Self-Efficacy, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2010.
[35]
G.J. Leckie, J. Hopkins, The public place of central libraries: findings from Toronto and Vancouver, Libr. Q., 72 (2002) 326-372.
[36]
G. Fraine, S.G. Smith, L. Zinkiewicz, R.L. Chapman, M.C. Sheehan, At home on the road? Can drivers' relationships with their cars be associated with territoriality?, J. Environ. Psychol., 27 (2007) 204-214.
[37]
I. Altman, M. Chemers, Culture and Environment, Brooks/Cole, Monterey, CA, 1980.
[38]
D. Lupton, Road rage: drivers' understandings and experiences, J. Sociol., 38 (2002) 275-290.
[39]
D. Lupton, Monsters in metal cocoons: 'road rage' and cyborg bodies, Body Soc., 5 (1999) 57-72.
[40]
M. Argyle, Social Interaction, Methuen, London, 1969.
[41]
C.L. Kleinke, Gaze and eye contact: a research review, Psychol. Bull., 100 (1986) 78-100.
[42]
D. McNeill, Gesture and Thought, University of Chicago Press, 2005.
[43]
D. Mcneill, Hand and Mind: What Gestures Reveal About Thought, University of Chicago Press, 1992.
[44]
S. Goldin-Meadow, Hearing Gesture: How Our Hands Help Us Think, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2005.
[45]
S.W. Cook, Z. Mitchell, S. Goldin-Meadow, Gesturing makes learning last, Cognition, 106 (2008) 1047-1058.
[46]
J.M. Iverson, S. Goldin-Meadow, Why people gesture when they speak, Nature, 396 (1998).
[47]
L. Rose-Krasnor, The nature of social competence: a theoretical review, Soc. Dev., 6 (1997) 111-135.
[48]
M. Semrud-Clikeman, Social Competence in Children, Springer, 2007.
[49]
O. Svenson, Are we all less risky and more skillful than our fellow drivers?, Acta Psychol., 47 (1981) 143-148.
[50]
K. Renge, Effect of driving experience on drivers' decoding process of roadway interpersonal communication., Ergonomics, 43 (2000) 27-39.
[51]
AAMI, Annual Road Safety Index, 2011. URL: http://www.aami.com.au/sites/default/files/fm/news/AAMICrashIndex2011FINAL.pdf.
[52]
D. Soole, A. Lennon, B. Watson, C. Bingham, Towards a comprehensive model of driver aggression: a review of the literature and directions for the future, in: Traffic Safety, Nova Science Publishers, Inc., 2011, pp. 69-97.
[53]
C.S. Dula, E. Geller, Risky, aggressive, or emotional driving: addressing the need for consistent communication in research, J. Saf. Res., 34 (2003) 559-566.
[54]
Aggressive Driving: Research Update, AAAFoundation.org, 2009.
[55]
S.R. O'Brien, R.S. Tay, B.C. Watson, Situational factors contributing to the expression of aggression on the roads, IATSS Res., 28 (2004) 101-107.
[56]
B. Parkinson, Emotions in direct and remote social interaction: getting through the spaces between us, Comput. Hum. Behav., 24 (2008) 1510-1529.
[57]
B. Parkinson, Anger on and off the road, Br. J. Psychol., 92 (2001) 507-526.
[58]
K. Boehner, R.R. Depaula, P. Dourish, P. Sengers, A.C. Zaidan, U.C. Irvine, How emotion is made and measured, Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud., 65 (2007) 275-291.
[59]
R. Cowie, E. Douglas-Cowie, N. Tsapatsoulis, G. Votsis, S. Kollias, W. Fellenz, J.G. Taylor, Emotion recognition in human-computer interaction, IEEE Signal Process. Mag., 18 (2001) 32-80.
[60]
S. Brave, C. Nass, J. Preece, D. Maloney-Krichmar, The Human-Computer Interaction Handbook, L. Erlbaum Associates Inc., Hillsdale, NJ, USA, 2003.
[61]
S. Brave, C. Nass, K. Hutchinson, Computers that care: investigating the effects of orientation of emotion exhibited by an embodied computer agent, Int. J. Hum.-Comput. Stud., 62 (2005) 161-178.
[62]
C. Jones, I.M. Jonsson, Using paralinguistic cues in speech to recognise emotions in older car drivers, in: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 4868, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2008, pp. 229-240.
[63]
C.M. Jones, I.M. Jonsson, Performance analysis of acoustic emotion recognition for in-car conversational interfaces, in: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Universal Access in Human-Computer Interaction: Ambient Interaction, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007, pp. 411-420.
[64]
B. Schuller, S. Reiter, R. Muller, M. Al-Hames, M. Lang, G. Rigoll, Speaker independent speech emotion recognition by ensemble classification, in: IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo, 2005. ICME 2005, pp. 864-867. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICME.2005.1521560.
[65]
B. Schuller, M. Lang, G. Rigoll, B. Schuller, Recognition of spontaneous emotions by speech within automotive environment, in: Tagungsband Fortschritte der Akustik-DAGA 2006, pp. 57-58.
[66]
M. Grimm, K. Kroschel, H. Harris, C. Nass, B. Schuller, G. Rigoll, T. Moosmayr, On the necessity and feasibility of detecting a driver's emotional state while driving, in: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 4738, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2007, pp. 126-138.
[67]
J. Healey, R. Picard, SmartCar: detecting driver stress, in: 15th International Conference on Pattern Recognition, 2000 Proceedings, vol. 4, pp. 218-221. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICPR.2000.902898.
[68]
S. Hoch, F. Althoff, G. McGlaun, G. Rigoll, Bimodal fusion of emotional data in an automotive environment, in: IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2005. Proceedings, ICASSP'05, vol. 2, pp. ii/1085-ii/1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.2005.1415597.
[69]
M.M. Trivedi, T. Gandhi, J. McCall, Looking-in and looking-out of a vehicle: computer-vision-based enhanced vehicle safety, IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst., 8 (2007) 108-120.
[70]
M.M. Trivedi, S.Y. Cheng, Holistic sensing and active displays for intelligent driver support systems, Computer, 40 (2007) 60-68.
[71]
K.M. Bach, M.G. Jæger, M.B. Skov, N.G. Thomassen, You can touch, but you can't look: interacting with in-vehicle systems, in: Proceedings of the Twenty-Sixth Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2008, pp. 1139-1148.
[72]
R. Ecker, V. Broy, A. Butz, A. De Luca, pieTouch: a direct touch gesture interface for interacting with in-vehicle information systems, in: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2009, pp. 22:1-22:10.
[73]
H. Richter, R. Ecker, C. Deisler, A. Butz, HapTouch and the 2 + 1 state model: potentials of haptic feedback on touch based in-vehicle information systems, in: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2010, pp. 72-79.
[74]
R. Ecker, V. Broy, K. Hertzschuch, A. Butz, Visual cues supporting direct touch gesture interaction with in-vehicle information systems, in: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2010, pp. 80-87.
[75]
I.E. González, J.O. Wobbrock, D.H. Chau, A. Faulring, B.A. Myers, Eyes on the road, hands on the wheel: thumb-based interaction techniques for input on steering wheels, in: Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2007, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2007, pp. 95-102.
[76]
T. Döring, D. Kern, P. Marshall, M. Pfeiffer, J. Schöning, V. Gruhn, A. Schmidt, Gestural interaction on the steering wheel: reducing the visual demand, in: Proceedings of the 2011 Annual Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2011, pp. 483-492.
[77]
C.A. Pickering, K.J. Burnham, M.J. Richardson, A review of automotive human machine interface technologies and techniques to reduce driver distraction, in: 2nd Institution of Engineering and Technology International Conference on System Safety, London, UK, IET, 2007, pp. 223-228.
[78]
A. Rakotonirainy, F. Feller, N. Haworth, In-vehicle avatars to elicit social response and change driving behaviour, Int. J. Technol. Hum. Interact. (IJTHI), 5 (2009) 80-104.
[79]
B. Ullmer, H. Ishii, Emerging frameworks for tangible user interfaces, IBM Syst. J., 39 (2000) 915-931.
[80]
H. Ishii, B. Ullmer, Tangible bits: towards seamless interfaces between people, bits and atoms, in: CHI'97: Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1997, pp. 234-241.
[81]
B. Scassellati, How social robots will help us to diagnose, treat, and understand autism, Robot. Res. (2007).
[82]
W. Farr, N. Yuill, H. Raffle, Social benefits of a tangible user interface for children with autistic spectrum conditions, Autism: Int. J. Res. Pract., 14 (2010) 237-252.
[83]
J. Broekens, M. Heerink, H. Rosendal, Assistive social robots in elderly care: a review, Gerontechnology (2009).
[84]
P. Marti, L. Giusti, M. Bacigalupo, Dialogues beyond words, Interact. Stud. (2008).
[85]
P. Marti, M. Bacigalupo, C. Mennecozzi, L. Giusti, T. Shibata, Socially assistive robotics in the treatment of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, in: The First IEEE/RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics, 2006, IEEE, 2006, pp. 483-488.
[86]
R. el Kaliouby, R. Picard, S. Baron-Cohen, Affective computing and autism, Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1093 (2006) 228-248.
[87]
A. Soro, A. Rakotonirainy, Automatic inference of driving task demand from visual cues of emotion and attention, in: 2nd International Conference on Human Factors in Transportation.
[88]
A. Soro, S. Wollstädter, A. Rakotonirainy, Advanced in-vehicle applications to mitigate driver aggression, in: 2nd International Conference on Human Factors in Transportation.
[89]
E.D. Richter, T. Berman, L. Friedman, G. Ben-David, Speed, road injury, and public health, Annu. Rev. Public Health, 27 (2006) 125-152.
[90]
Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads, Speeding information, 2012. URL: http://www.tmr.qld.gov.au/Safety/Driver-guide/Speeding.aspx.
[91]
B.C. Watson, A. Watson, V. Siskind, J.J. Fleiter, Characteristics and predictors of high-range speeding offenders, in: 2009 Australasian Road Safety Research, Policing and Education Conference: Smarter, Safer Directions, Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre, Sydney, New South Wales, Engineers Australia, 2009.
[92]
C. Liu, C.L. Chen, R. Subramanian, D. Utter, Analysis of Speeding-related Fatal Motor Vehicle Traffic Crashes, National Center for Statistics and Analysis, 2005.
[93]
Distraction and Inattention Fact Sheet-mobile Pone Use & Distraction While Driving, CARRS-Q, Brisbane, QLD, 2012.
[94]
M. Zuckerman, S. Eysenck, H.J. Eysenck, Sensation seeking in England and America: cross-cultural, age, and sex comparisons, J. Consult. Clin. Psychol., 46 (1978) 139-149.
[95]
S.J. Vodanovich, J.C. Wallace, S.J. Kass, A confirmatory approach to the factor structure of the Boredom Proneness Scale: evidence for a two-factor short form, J. Pers. Assess., 85 (2005) 295-303.
[96]
A.B. Hill, Work variety and individual differences in occupational boredom, J. Appl. Psychol., 60 (1975) 128-131.
[97]
J. Harvey, S. Heslop, N. Thorpe, The categorisation of drivers in relation to boredom, Transp. Plan. Technol., 34 (2011) 51-69.
[98]
W.W.L. Mikulas, S.J.S. Vodanovich, The essence of boredom, Psychol. Rec., 43 (1993) 3-12.
[99]
R. Fuller, Towards a general theory of driver behaviour, Accid. Anal. Prev., 37 (2005) 461-472.
[100]
H. Cramer, M. Rost, L.E. Holmquist, Performing a check-in: emerging practices, norms and 'conflicts' in location-sharing using foursquare, in: Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Human Computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services-MobileHCI'11, ACM Press, New York, NY, USA, 2011, pp. 57.

Cited By

View all
  • (2022)Traffic and Transport Ergonomics on Long Term Multi-Agent Social Interactions: A Road User’s TaleHCI International 2022 – Late Breaking Papers: HCI for Today's Community and Economy10.1007/978-3-031-18158-0_36(499-518)Online publication date: 26-Jun-2022
  • (2021)TVD-MRDL: traffic violation detection system using MapReduce-based deep learning for large-scale dataMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-020-09714-880:2(2489-2516)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2021
  • (2020)“Watch out!”: Prediction-Level Intervention for Automated Driving12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3409120.3410652(169-180)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2020
  • Show More Cited By
  1. Three social car visions to improve driver behaviour

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image Pervasive and Mobile Computing
    Pervasive and Mobile Computing  Volume 14, Issue C
    October 2014
    158 pages

    Publisher

    Elsevier Science Publishers B. V.

    Netherlands

    Publication History

    Published: 01 October 2014

    Author Tags

    1. Cooperative systems
    2. Intelligent Transport Systems
    3. Pervasive computing
    4. Social cars
    5. Social norms

    Qualifiers

    • Research-article

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
    Reflects downloads up to 13 Nov 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    Cited By

    View all
    • (2022)Traffic and Transport Ergonomics on Long Term Multi-Agent Social Interactions: A Road User’s TaleHCI International 2022 – Late Breaking Papers: HCI for Today's Community and Economy10.1007/978-3-031-18158-0_36(499-518)Online publication date: 26-Jun-2022
    • (2021)TVD-MRDL: traffic violation detection system using MapReduce-based deep learning for large-scale dataMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-020-09714-880:2(2489-2516)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2021
    • (2020)“Watch out!”: Prediction-Level Intervention for Automated Driving12th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3409120.3410652(169-180)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2020
    • (2020)Acceptability evaluation of inter-driver interaction system via a driving agent using vehicle-to-vehicle communicationProceedings of the 11th Augmented Human International Conference10.1145/3396339.3396404(1-8)Online publication date: 27-May-2020
    • (2020)Big data platform of traffic violation detection system: identifying the risky behaviors of vehicle driversMultimedia Tools and Applications10.1007/s11042-020-09099-879:33-34(24645-24684)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2020
    • (2019)Persuading the DriverExtended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3290607.3312841(1-6)Online publication date: 2-May-2019
    • (2019)Parallel Orientation Assistant, a Vehicle System Based on Voice Interaction and Multi-screen InteractionCross-Cultural Design. Culture and Society10.1007/978-3-030-22580-3_12(150-158)Online publication date: 26-Jul-2019
    • (2018)A Low-Cost VR-Based Automated Driving Simulator for Rapid Automotive UI PrototypingAdjunct Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3239092.3267418(248-251)Online publication date: 23-Sep-2018
    • (2018)Follow MeProceedings of the 10th International Conference on Automotive User Interfaces and Interactive Vehicular Applications10.1145/3239060.3239088(176-187)Online publication date: 23-Sep-2018
    • (2017)CarNoteProceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces10.1145/3025171.3025214(85-94)Online publication date: 7-Mar-2017

    View Options

    View options

    Get Access

    Login options

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media