Article

A model for context-specific route directions

Authors:

Kai-Florian Richter,

Alexander KlippelAuthors Info & Claims

SC'04: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction

Pages 58 - 78

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-32255-9_4

Published: 11 October 2004 Publication History

Abstract

Wayfinding, i.e. getting from some origin to a destination, is one of the prime everyday problems humans encounter. It has received a lot of attention in research and many (commercial) systems propose assistance in this task. We present an approach to route directions based on the idea to adapt route directions to route and environment's characteristics. The lack of such an adaptation is a major drawback of existing systems. Our approach is based on an information- and representation-theoretic analysis of routes and takes into account findings of behavioral research. The resulting systematics is the framework for the optimization process. We discuss the consequences of using an optimization process for generating route directions and outline its algorithmic realization.

References

[1]

Allen, G.L. (1999). Spatial abilities, cognitive maps, and wayfinding. Bases for individual differences in spatial cognition and behavior. In R.G. Golledge (ed.), Wayfinding behavior. Cognitive mapping and other spatial processes (pp. 46-80). Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

[2]

Allen, G. L. (2003). Gestures accompanying verbal route directions: Do they point to a new avenue for examining spatial representations? Spatial Cognition and Computation 3:259-268.

[3]

Blades, M. (1991). Wayfinding theory and research: The need for a new approach. In D.M. Mark & A.U. Frank (eds.), Cognitive and linguistic aspects of geographic space (pp. 137- 165). Dordrecht: Kluwer.

[4]

Chomsky, N. (1986). Knowledge of language: Its nature, origin and use. New York: Praeger. Cowan, N. (2001). The magical number 4 in short term memory. A reconsideration of storage capacity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences 24:87-186.

[5]

Dale, R., Geldof, S., and Prost, J.-P. (2002). Generating more natural route descriptions. In Proceedings of the 2002 Australasian natural language processing workshop. Canberra, Australia.

[6]

Dale, R., Geldof, S., and Prost, J.-P. (2003). CORAL: Using natural language generation for navigational assistance. In Proceedings of the 26th Australasian computer science conference (ACSC2003). Adelaide, Australia.

Digital Library

[7]

Daniel, M-P. & Denis, M. (1998). Spatial descriptions as navigational aids: A cognitive analysis of route directions. Kognitionswissenschaft 7(1):45-52.

[8]

Denis, M. (1997). The description of routes: A cognitive approach to the production of spatial discourse. In Cahiers de Psychologie Cognitive 16(4):409-458.

[9]

Denis, M., Pazzaglia, F., Cornoldi, C., and Bertolo, L. (1999). Spatial discourse and navigation: An analysis of route directions in the city of Venice. Applied Cognitive Psychology 13(2):145-174.

[10]

Dey, A.K. & Abowd, G.D. (2000). Towards a better understanding of context and contextawareness. In Proceedings of the workshop on the what, who, where, when, and how of context-awareness. New York.

[11]

Dijkstra, E.W. (1959). A note on two problems in connexion with graphs. Numerische Mathematik 1:269-271.

Digital Library

[12]

Duckham, M. & Kulik, L. (2003). Simplest paths: Automated route selection for navigation. In W. Kuhn, M. Worboys, and S. Timpf (eds.), COSIT 2003. Spatial information theory (pp. 169-185). Berlin: Springer.

[13]

Elias, B. & Sester, M. (2003). Landmarken für Wegbeschreibungen - Identifikation, Extraktion und Visualisierung. Kartographische Nachrichten 53(2):51-57.

[14]

Eschenbach, C., Tschander, L., Habel, C., and Kulik, L. (2000). Lexical specifications of paths. In C. Freksa, W. Brauer, C. Habel, and K.F. Wender (eds.), Spatial Cognition II. Integrating abstract theories, empirical studies, formal methods, and practical applications (pp. 127- 144). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[15]

Frank, A.U. (2003). Pragmatic information content. How to measure the information in a route description. In M. Goodchild, M. Duckham, and M.Worboys (eds.), Perspectives on geographic information science (pp. 47-68). London: Taylor and Francis.

[16]

Golledge, R.G. (1999). Wayfinding behavior. Cognitive mapping and other spatial processes. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.

[17]

Grice, H.P. (1975). Logic and conversation. In P. Cole & J.L Morgan (eds.), Speech acts (pp. 41-58). Volume 3 of Syntax and semantics. New York: Academic Press.

[18]

Guhe, M., Habel, C., and Tschander, L. (2003). Describing motion events: Incremental representations for incremental processing. In M. Guhe, C. Habel, and L. Tschander (eds.), Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on computational semantics (IWCS-5) (pp. 410-424). Tillburg.

[19]

Habel, C. (2003). Incremental generation of multimodal route instructions. In Natural language generation in spoken and written dialogue, AAAI Spring Symposium 2003. Palo Alto, CA.

[20]

Heye, C. & Timpf, S. (2003). Factors influencing the physical complexity of routes in public transportation networks. Electronic proceedings of the 10th international conference on travel behaviour research. Lucerne.

[21]

Herrmann, T., Schweizer, K., Janzen, G., and Katz, S. (1998). Routen- und Überblickswissen - konzeptuelle Überlegungen. Kognitionswissenschaft 7(4):145-159.

[22]

Hirtle, S.C. (2000). The use of maps, images and "gestures" for navigation. In C. Freksa, W. Brauer, C. Habel, and K. F. Wender (eds.), Spatial Cognition II - Integrating abstract theories, empirical studies, formal methods, and practical applications (pp. 31-40). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[23]

Hobbs, J.R. (1985). Granularity. In A.K. Joshi (ed.), Proceedings of the 9th international joint conference on artificial intelligence (pp. 432-435). San Francisco: Morgan Kaufmann

Digital Library

[24]

Jackendoff, R. (1990). Semantic structures. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

[25]

Jackendoff, R. (1997). The architecture of the language faculty. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.

[26]

Klein, W. (1979). Wegauskünfte. Zeitschrift für Literaturwissenschaft und Linguistik 9(33):9-57.

[27]

Klippel, A. (2003): Wayfinding Choremes - Conceptualizing wayfinding and route direction elements. Universität Bremen.

[28]

Klippel, A., Tappe H., and Habel, C. (2003). Pictorial representations of routes: Chunking route segments during comprehension. In C. Freksa, W. Brauer, C. Habel, and K.F. Wender (eds.), Spatial Cognition III. Routes and navigation, human memory and learning, spatial representation and spatial learning (pp. 11-33). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[29]

Klippel, A., Dewey, C., Knauff, M., Richter, K.-F., Montello, D. R., Freksa, C., and Loeliger, E.-A. (2004). Direction concepts in wayfinding assistance. In J. Baus, C. Kray, and R. Porzel (eds.), Workshop on artificial intelligence in mobile systems (AIMS'04) (pp. 1-8). Saarbrücken: SFB 378 Memo 84.

[30]

Klippel, A., Tappe, H., Kulik, L. and Lee, P.U. (submitted). Wayfinding choremes - A language for modelling conceptual route knowledge. (Submitted to Journal of Visual Languages and Computing).

Digital Library

[31]

Krieg-Brückner, B., Röfer, T., Carmesin, H.-O., and Müller, R. (1998). A taxonomy of spatial knowledge for navigation and its application to the Bremen autonomous wheelchair. In C. Freksa, C. Habel, and K.F. Wender (eds.), Spatial Cognition. An interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge (pp. 373-397). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[32]

Lovelace, K.L., Hegarty, M., and Montello, D.R. (1999). Elements of good route directions in familiar and unfamiliar environments. In C. Freksa & D Mark (eds.), Spatial information theory. Cognitive and computational foundations of geographic information science (pp. 65- 82). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[33]

Maaß, W. (1993). A cognitive model for the process of multimodal, incremental route descriptions. In A.U. Frank & I. Campari (Eds.), Spatial information theory: A theoretical basis for GIS (pp. 1-13). Berlin: Springer.

[34]

MacEachren, A.M. (1995). How maps work. New York: Guilford Press.

[35]

Miller, G.A. (1956). The magical number seven, plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review 63:81-97.

[36]

Montello, D.R. (in press). Navigation. In P. Shah & A. Miyake (eds.), Handbook of visuospatial cognition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

[37]

Raubal, M. & Winter, S. (2002). Enriching wayfinding instructions with local landmarks. In M. Egenhofer & D. Mark (eds.), Geographic information science - Second international conference GIScience 2002 (pp. 243-259). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[38]

Richter, K.-F., Klippel, A., and Freksa, C. (2004). Shortest, fastest, -- but what next? A different approach to route directions. In M. Raubal, A. Sliwinski, and W. Kuhn (eds.), Geoinformation und Mobilität - von der Forschung zur praktischen Anwendung. Beiträge zu den Münsteraner GI-Tagen (pp. 205-217). Münster: IfGI prints.

[39]

Schweizer, K., Katz, S., and Janzen, G. (2000). Orientierung im Raum - kognitive Grundlagen und sprachliche Realisierung. Tourismus Journal 4(1):79-101.

[40]

Shannon, C.E. & Weaver, W. (1949): The mathematical theory of communication. Urbana, Illinois: The University of Illinois Press.

[41]

Sorrows, M. & Hirtle, S.C. (1999). The nature of landmarks for real and electronic spaces. In C. Freksa & D. Mark (eds.), Spatial information theory. Cognitive and computational foundations of geographic information science (pp. 37-50). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[42]

Tom, A. & Denis, M. (2003). Referring to landmarks or street information in route directions: What difference does it make? In W. Kuhn, M. Worboys, and S. Timpf (eds.), COSIT 2003. Spatial information theory (pp. 362-374). Berlin: Springer.

[43]

Tversky, B. & Lee, P. (1998). How space structures language. In C. Freksa, C. Habel, and K.F. Wender (eds.), Spatial Cognition. An interdisciplinary approach to representing and processing spatial knowledge (pp. 157-175). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[44]

Tversky, B. & Lee, P. (1999). Pictorial and verbal tools for conveying routes. In C. Freksa & D.M. Mark (eds.), Spatial information theory. Cognitive and computational foundations of geographic information science (pp. 51-64). Berlin: Springer.

Digital Library

[45]

Wahlster, W., Baus, J., Kray, C., and Krüger, A. (2001). REAL: Ein ressourcenadaptives mobiles Navigationssystem. Informatik Forschung und Entwicklung 16:233-241.

[46]

Winter, S. (2003). Route adaptive selection of salient features. In W. Kuhn, M. Worboys, and S. Timpf (eds.), COSIT 2003. Spatial information theory (pp. 349-361). Berlin: Springer.

Cited By

Gedicke STomko MWinter SHaunert JRenz MNascimento M(2023)Selecting Landmarks for Wayfinding Assistance Based on Advance VisibilityProceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems10.1145/3589132.3625605(1-10)Online publication date: 13-Nov-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3589132.3625605
Kim YHullman JAgrawala MKaye JDruin ALampe CMorris DHourcade J(2016)Generating Personalized Spatial Analogies for Distances and AreasProceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2858036.2858440(38-48)Online publication date: 7-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2858036.2858440
Egorova ETenbrink TPurves R(2015)Where Snow is a Landmark: Route Direction Elements in Alpine ContextsSpatial Information Theory10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_9(175-195)Online publication date: 12-Oct-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_9
Show More Cited By

Recommendations

Context-Specific Route Directions: Generation of Cognitively Motivated Wayfinding Instructions
Optimal Route Reflection Topology Design
LANC '18: Proceedings of the 10th Latin America Networking Conference

Autonomous Systems (ASes) exchange routing information about networks they can reach in the Internet, and the most widely extended way to connect them is by means of Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) sessions. ASes set up external BGP (eBGP) sessions ...
Designing optimal iBGP route-reflection topologies
NETWORKING'08: Proceedings of the 7th international IFIP-TC6 networking conference on AdHoc and sensor networks, wireless networks, next generation internet

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is used today by all Autonomous Systems (AS) in the Internet. Inside each AS, iBGP sessions distribute the external routes among the routers. In large ASs, relying on a full-mesh of iBGP sessions between routers is not ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Guide Proceedings

SC'04: Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Spatial Cognition: reasoning, Action, Interaction

October 2004

517 pages

ISBN:3540250484

Editors:
Christian Freksa
SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition, Universität Bremen, Bibliothekstr. 1, Bremen, Germany
,
Markus Knauff
SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition, Center for Cognitive Science, Friedrichstraße 50, Freiburg, Germany
,
Bernd Krieg-Brückner
SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition, Universität Bremen and DFKI-Lab Bremen, Friedrichstraße 50, Freiburg, Germany
,
Bernhard Nebel
Institut für Informatik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Friedrichstraße 50, Freiburg, Germany
,
Thomas Barkowsky
SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition, Universität Bremen, Friedrichstraße 50, Freiburg, Germany

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg

Publication History

Published: 11 October 2004

Qualifiers

Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

15
Total Citations
View Citations
0
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 24 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Gedicke STomko MWinter SHaunert JRenz MNascimento M(2023)Selecting Landmarks for Wayfinding Assistance Based on Advance VisibilityProceedings of the 31st ACM International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems10.1145/3589132.3625605(1-10)Online publication date: 13-Nov-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3589132.3625605
Kim YHullman JAgrawala MKaye JDruin ALampe CMorris DHourcade J(2016)Generating Personalized Spatial Analogies for Distances and AreasProceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2858036.2858440(38-48)Online publication date: 7-May-2016
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2858036.2858440
Egorova ETenbrink TPurves R(2015)Where Snow is a Landmark: Route Direction Elements in Alpine ContextsSpatial Information Theory10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_9(175-195)Online publication date: 12-Oct-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_9
Tomko MRichter K(2015)Defensive Wayfinding: Incongruent Information in Route FollowingSpatial Information Theory10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_20(426-446)Online publication date: 12-Oct-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-319-23374-1_20
Xu QLi LLim JTan CMukawa MWang GQuigley ADiamond SIrani PSubramanian S(2014)A wearable virtual guide for context-aware cognitive indoor navigationProceedings of the 16th international conference on Human-computer interaction with mobile devices & services10.1145/2628363.2628390(111-120)Online publication date: 23-Sep-2014
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2628363.2628390
Takemiya MRichter KIshikawa T(2012)Linking cognitive and computational saliences in route informationProceedings of the 2012 international conference on Spatial Cognition VIII10.1007/978-3-642-32732-2_25(386-404)Online publication date: 31-Aug-2012
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-642-32732-2_25
Shao JKulik LTanin EAgrawal DZhang PAbbadi AMokbel M(2010)Easiest-to-reach neighbor searchProceedings of the 18th SIGSPATIAL International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems10.1145/1869790.1869840(360-369)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2010
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1869790.1869840
Richter K(2009)Adaptable path planning in regionalized environmentsProceedings of the 9th international conference on Spatial information theory10.5555/1789534.1789571(453-470)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1789534.1789571
Ishikawa TYamazaki T(2009)Showing where to go by maps or picturesProceedings of the 9th international conference on Spatial information theory10.5555/1789534.1789560(330-341)Online publication date: 21-Sep-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1789534.1789560
Richter K(2007)A uniform handling of different landmark types in route directionsProceedings of the 8th international conference on Spatial information theory10.5555/1778866.1778896(373-389)Online publication date: 19-Sep-2007
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/1778866.1778896
Show More Cited By

View Options

View options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents