article

Sustainable green networking: exploiting degrees of freedom towards energy-efficient 5G systems

Authors:

Munawwar M. Sohul,

Jeffrey H. ReedAuthors Info & Claims

Wireless Networks, Volume 25, Issue 3

Pages 951 - 960

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11276-017-1626-7

Published: 01 April 2019 Publication History

Abstract

The carbon footprint concern in the development and deployment of 5G new radio systems has drawn the attention to several stakeholders. In this article, we analyze the critical power consuming component of all candidate 5G system architectures--the power amplifier (PA)--and propose PA-centric resource management solutions for green 5G communications. We discuss the impact of ongoing trends in cellular communications on sustainable green networking and analyze two communications architectures that allow exploiting the extra degrees-of-freedom from multi-antenna and massive antenna deployments: small cells/distributed antenna network and massive MIMO. For small cell systems with a moderate number of antennas, we propose a peak to average power ratio-aware resource allocation scheme for joint orthogonal frequency and space division multiple access. For massive MIMO systems, we develop a highly parallel recurrent neural network for energy-efficient precoding. Simulation results for representative 5G deployment scenarios demonstrate an energy efficiency improvement of one order of magnitude or higher with respect to current state-of-the-art solutions.

References

[1]

ITU. (2015). Report on the twenty-first meeting of working party 5D.

[2]

He, C., Li, G. Y., Zheng, F.-C., & You, X. (2014). Energy-efficient resource allocation in OFDM systems with distributed antennas. IEEE Transactions Vehicular Technology,63, 1223---1231.

[3]

Zhang, H., Liu, N., Chu, X., Long, K., Aghvami, A. H., & Leung, V. C. (2017). Network slicing based 5G and future mobile networks: Mobility, resource management, and challenges. IEEE Communications Magazine,55(8), 138---145.

Digital Library

[4]

Sohul, M. M., Yao, M., Ma, X., Imana, E. Y., Marojevic, V., & Reed, J. H. (2016). Next generation public safety networks: A spectrum sharing approach. IEEE Communications Magazine,54(3), 30---36.

Digital Library

[5]

Sohul, M. M., Yao, M., Yang, T., & Reed, J. H. (2015). Spectrum access system for the citizen broadband radio service. IEEE Communications Magazine,53(7), 18---25.

Digital Library

[6]

Qualcomm White Paper. (2016). Exploring 5G new radio: Use cases, capabilities & timeline.

[7]

Gunther, A., et al. (2011). How much energy is needed to run a wireless network? IEEE Wireless Communications,18(5), 40---49.

[8]

Shen, Z., Andrews, J. G., & Evans, B. L. (2005). Adaptive resource allocation in multiuser OFDM systems with proportional rate constraints. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,4(6), 2726---2737.

Digital Library

[9]

Xiong, C., Li, G. Y., Zhang, S., Chen, Y., & Xu, S. (2012). Energy-efficient resource allocation in OFDMA networks. IEEE Transactions on Communications,60(12), 3767---3778.

[10]

Zhang, H., Huang, S., Jiang, C., Long, K., Leung, V. C., & Poor, H. V. (2017). Energy efficient user association and power allocation in millimeter-wave-based ultra dense networks with energy harvesting base stations. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,35(9), 1936---1947.

Digital Library

[11]

Ng, D. W., Lo, E. S., & Schober, R. (2012). Energy-efficient resource allocation in OFDMA systems with large numbers of base station antennas. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,11(9), 3292---3304.

[12]

Han, B., Zhao, S., Yang, B., Zhang, H., Chen, P., & Yang, F. (2016). Historical PMI based multi-user scheduling for FDD massive MIMO systems. In Vehicular technology conference (VTC spring), 2016 IEEE 83rd, Nanjing.

[13]

Auer, G., et al. (2011). How much energy is needed to run a wireless network? IEEE Wireless Communications,18, 40---49.

[14]

Schaible, S., & Shi, J. (2003). Fractional programming: The sum-of-ratios case. Optimization Methods and Software,18(2), 219---229.

[15]

Han, C., et al. (2011). Green radio: Radio techniques to enable energy-efficient wireless networks. IEEE Communications Magazine,49(6), 46---54.

[16]

Zhang, H., Dong, Y., Cheng, J., Hossain, M. J., & Leung, V. C. (2016). Fronthauling for 5G LTE-U ultra dense cloud small cell networks. IEEE Wireless Communications,23(6), 48---53.

Digital Library

[17]

Zhang, H., Jiang, C., Cheng, J., & Leung, V. C. (2015). Cooperative interference mitigation and handover management for heterogeneous cloud small cell networks. IEEE Wireless Communications,22(3), 92---99.

Digital Library

[18]

Hasan, Z., et al. (2011). Green cellular networks: A survey, some research issues and challenges. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials,13, 524---540.

[19]

Gomez, I., Marojevic, V., & Gelonch, A. (2012). Resource management for software-defined radio clouds. IEEE Micro,1(32), 44---53.

Digital Library

[20]

Zhang, H., Qiu, Y., Chu, X., Long, K., & Leung, V. (2017). Fog radio access networks: Mobility management, interference mitigation and resource optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1707.06892.

[21]

Larsson, E. G., et al. (2014). Massive MIMO for next generation wireless systems. IEEE Communications Magazine,52(2), 186---195.

[22]

Zhang, H., Nie, Y., Cheng, J., Leung, V. C., & Nallanathan, A. (2017). Sensing time optimization and power control for energy efficient cognitive small cell with imperfect hybrid spectrum sensing. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,16(2), 730---743.

Digital Library

[23]

Ochiai, H., & Imai, H. (2001). On the distribution of the peak-to-average power ratio in OFDM signals. IEEE Transactions on Communications,49(2), 282---289.

[24]

Yao, M. Exploiting spatial degrees-of-freedom for energy-efficient next generation cellular systems. PhD dissertation, Virginia Tech.

[25]

Ochiai, H., & Imai, H. (2000). Performance of the deliberate clipping with adaptive symbol selection for strictly band-limited OFDM systems. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,18(11), 2270---2277.

Digital Library

[26]

Yang, L., Chen, R.-S., Siu, Y.-M., & Soo, K.-K. (2006). PAPR reduction of an OFDM signal by use of PTS with low computational complexity. IEEE Transactions on Broadcasting,52(1), 83---86.

[27]

Studer, C., & Larsson, E. G. (2013). PAR-aware large-scale multi-user MIMO---OFDM downlink. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,31, 303---313.

Cited By

Safitra MLubis MKurniawan MAlhari MNuraliza HAzzahra SPutri D(2023)Green Networking: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Trends for Sustainable DevelopmentProceedings of the 2023 11th International Conference on Computer and Communications Management10.1145/3617733.3617760(168-173)Online publication date: 4-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617733.3617760
Kotade ANandgaonkar ANalbalwar SWagh A(2021)Enhancing the power efficiency of 5G portable standard devices using peak-to-average power ratio reduction technique based on data scramblingWireless Networks10.1007/s11276-021-02779-927:7(4949-4966)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s11276-021-02779-9
Andri RHenriksson TBenini LLi Z(2020)Extending the RISC-V ISA for efficient RNN-based 5G radio resource managementProceedings of the 57th ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference10.5555/3437539.3437754(1-6)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3437539.3437754

Sustainable green networking: exploiting degrees of freedom towards energy-efficient 5G systems

Recommendations

A lower bound on achievable rate of MRT precoding in multicell multiuser massive MIMO networks with Rician flat fading

A multicell multiuser massive multiple-input-multiple-output MIMO network with Rician flat fading is considered. Given channel reciprocity, non-orthogonal uplink channel training in conjunction with minimum mean square error channel estimation at the ...
GreenMO: Enabling Virtualized, Sustainable Massive MIMO with a Single RF Chain
ACM MobiCom '23: Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking

With the turn of new decade, wireless communications face a major challenge on connecting many more new users and devices, at the same time being energy efficient and minimizing its carbon footprint. However, the current approaches to address the ...
Pilot decontamination in multi-cell massive MIMO systems
ICCIP '16: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Communication and Information Processing

In this paper, the performance of massive multiple-input-multiple-output (M-MIMO) with an infinite number of the base station (BS) antennas is studied. The performance of such systems is only limited by the pilot contamination, which is a negative ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Wireless Networks

Wireless Networks Volume 25, Issue 3

April 2019

498 pages

ISSN:1022-0038

Issue’s Table of Contents

Copyright © Copyright © 2019 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.

Publisher

Springer-Verlag

Berlin, Heidelberg

Publication History

Published: 01 April 2019

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

3
Total Citations
View Citations
0
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 18 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Safitra MLubis MKurniawan MAlhari MNuraliza HAzzahra SPutri D(2023)Green Networking: Challenges, Opportunities, and Future Trends for Sustainable DevelopmentProceedings of the 2023 11th International Conference on Computer and Communications Management10.1145/3617733.3617760(168-173)Online publication date: 4-Aug-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3617733.3617760
Kotade ANandgaonkar ANalbalwar SWagh A(2021)Enhancing the power efficiency of 5G portable standard devices using peak-to-average power ratio reduction technique based on data scramblingWireless Networks10.1007/s11276-021-02779-927:7(4949-4966)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/s11276-021-02779-9
Andri RHenriksson TBenini LLi Z(2020)Extending the RISC-V ISA for efficient RNN-based 5G radio resource managementProceedings of the 57th ACM/EDAC/IEEE Design Automation Conference10.5555/3437539.3437754(1-6)Online publication date: 20-Jul-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.5555/3437539.3437754

View Options

View options

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Issue’s Table of Contents