Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
research-article

Robust color image watermarking using multi-core Raspberry pi cluster

Published: 01 May 2022 Publication History

Abstract

Image authentication approaches have gotten a lot of interest recently as a way to safeguard transmitted images. Watermarking is one of the many ways used to protect transmitted images. Watermarking systems are pc-based that have limited portability that is difficult to use in harsh environments as military use. We employ embedded devices like Raspberry Pi to get around the PC’s mobility limitations. Digital image watermarking technology is used to secure and ensure digital images’ copyright by embedding hidden information that proves its copyright. In this article, the color images Parallel Robust watermarking algorithm using Quaternion Legendre-Fourier Moment (QLFM) in polar coordinates is implemented on Raspberry Pi (RPi) platform with parallel computing and C++ programming language. In the host image, a binary Arnold scrambled image is embedded. Watermarking algorithm is implemented and tested on Raspberry Pi model 4B. We can combine many Raspberry Pi’s into a ‘cluster’ (many computers working together as one) for high-performance computation. Message Passing Interface (MPI) and OpenMP for parallel programming to accelerate the execution time for the color image watermarking algorithm implemented on the Raspberry Pi cluster.

References

[1]
Abrahamsson P, Helmer S, Phaphoom N, Nicolodi L, Preda N, Miori L, Bugoloni S (2013) Affordable and energy-efficient cloud computing clusters: The Bolzano raspberry pi cloud cluster experiment. In 2013 IEEE 5th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science, vol 2. IEEE, pp 170-175
[2]
Ahmad I, Pothuganti K (2020) Design & implementation of real-time autonomous car by using image processing & IoT. In 2020 Third International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT). IEEE, pp 107-113
[3]
Akour M, Radaideh A, Shadaideh K, Okour O (2020) Mobile voice recognition based for smart home automation control. Int J Adv Trends Comput Sci Eng 9(3):3788–3792.
[4]
Atmaja AP, Hakim E, Wibowo A, and Pratama LA Communication systems of smart agriculture based on wireless sensor networks in IoT J Robot Control (JRC) 2020 2 4 297-301
[5]
Begum M and Uddin MS Digital image watermarking techniques: a review Information 2020 11 2 110
[6]
Cloutier MF, Paradis C, and Weaver VM A raspberry pi cluster instrumented for fine-grained power measurement Electronics 2016 5 4 61
[7]
Cox SJ, Cox JT, Boardman RP, Johnston SJ, Scott M, O’brien NS (2014) Iridis-pi: a low-cost, compact demonstration cluster. Cluster Comput 17(2):349-358
[8]
Dagum L and Menon R OpenMP: an industry standard API for shared-memory programming IEEE Comput Sci Eng 1998 5 1 46-55
[9]
Darwish MM, Kamal ST, Hosny KM (2020) Improved color image watermarking using logistic maps and quaternion Legendre-Fourier moments. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 884. Springer, Berlin, pp 137-158.
[10]
Gupta S, Raikar U, Patil BMP, Molavade R (2018) Image processing based intelligent traffic control system by using Raspberry Pi. Int J Res Appl Sci Eng Technol 6(IV):66-70
[11]
Hamilton WR (1866) Elements of quaternions. Longmans, Green, & Company, London
[12]
Hore A, Ziou D (2010) Image quality metrics: PSNR vs. SSIM. In 2010 20th International Conference on Pattern Recognition. IEEE, pp 2366-2369
[13]
Hosny KM Fast computation of accurate Zernike Moments J Real-Time Image Proc 2008 3 1–2 97-107
[14]
Hosny KM and Darwish MM Robust color image watermarking using invariant quaternion Legendre-Fourier moments Multimed Tools Appl 2018 77 19 24727-24750
[15]
Hosny KM and Darwish MM Resilient color image watermarking using accurate quaternion radial substituted Chebyshev moments ACM Trans Multimed Comput Commun Appl (TOMM) 2019 15 2 1-25
[16]
Hosny KM, Darwish MM (2019) Performance analysis of invariant quaternion moments in color image watermarking. Handbook of Multimedia Information Security: Techniques and Applications. Springer, Berlin, pp 167–208.
[17]
Hosny KM and Darwish MM Invariant color images representation using accurate quaternion Legendre–Fourier moments Pattern Anal Appl 2019 22 3 1105-1122
[18]
Hosny KM, Shouman MA, and Salam HMA Fast computation of orthogonal Fourier–Mellin moments in polar coordinates J Real-Time Image Proc 2011 6 2 73-80
[19]
Hosny KM, Darwish MM, Li K, and Salah A Parallel multi-core CPU and GPU for fast and robust medical image watermarking IEEE Access 2018 6 77212-77225
[20]
Hosny KM, Salah A, Saleh HI, Sayed M (2019) Fast computation of 2D and 3D legendre moments using multi-core CPUs and GPU parallel architectures. J Real-Time Image Process 16(6):2027–2041
[21]
Iromini NA and Alimi TA Development of a Raspberry Pi secured management system for home automation. i-Manager’s J Embed Syst 2020 8 2 1
[22]
Manikandan LC, Selvakumar RK, Nair SAH, Kumar KS (2020) Hardware implementation of fast bilateral filter and canny edge detector using Raspberry Pi for telemedicine applications. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 12(5):4689–4695
[23]
Mittal M, Kaushik R, Verma A, Kaur I, Goyal LM, Roy S, and Kim TH Image watermarking in curvelet domain using edge surface blocks Symmetry 2020 12 5 822
[24]
Niu PP, Wang P, Liu YN, Yang HY, and Wang XY Invariant color image watermarking approach using quaternion radial harmonic Fourier moments Multimed Tools Appl 2016 75 13 7655-7679
[25]
Petrović N, Kocić Đ (2020)IoT-based system for COVID-19 indoor safety monitoring. IcETRAN Belgrade
[26]
Puri S (2019) SpatialMPI: Message passing interface for GIS applications. Geographic Information Science & Technology Body of Knowledge. 2019(Q2)
[27]
Qasim AF, Meziane F, and Aspin R Digital watermarking: Applicability for developing trust in medical imaging workflows state of the art review Comput Sci Rev 2018 27 45-60
[28]
Roy S, Rawat U, Sareen HA, Nayak SK (2020) IECA: an efficient IoT-friendly image encryption technique using programmable cellular automata. Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Humanized Computing 11(11):5083–5102
[29]
Roy S, Shrivastava M, Pandey CV, Nayak SK, Rawat U (2020) IEVCA: An efficient image encryption technique for IoT applications using 2-D Von-Neumann cellular automata. Multimedia Tools and Applications 80(21):31529–31567
[30]
Sagar S, Choudhary U, Dwivedi R (2020) Smart home automation using IoT and Raspberry Pi. Available at SSRN 3568411
[31]
Sajjad M, Nasir M, Muhammad K, Khan S, Jan Z, Sangaiah AK, and Baik SW Raspberry Pi assisted face recognition framework for enhanced law-enforcement services in smart cities Futur Gener Comput Syst 2020 108 995-1007
[32]
Salah A, Li K, Hosny KM, Darwish MM, and Tian Q Accelerated CPU-GPUs implementations for quaternion polar harmonic transform of color images Futur Gener Comput Syst 2020 107 368-382
[33]
Sathik MM and Sujatha SS An improved invisible watermarking technique for image authentication Int J Adv Sci Technol 2010 24 61-73
[34]
Senthilkumar G, Gopalakrishnan K, and Kumar VS Embedded image capturing system using raspberry pi system Int J Emerg Trends Technol Comput Sci 2014 3 2 213-215
[35]
Shilpashree KS, Lokesha H, and Shivkumar H Implementation of image processing on Raspberry Pi Int J Adv Res Comput Commun Eng 2015 4 5 199-202
[36]
Walter J, Fakih M, Grüttner K (2014)Hardware-based real-time simulation on the raspberry pi. 2nd. Workshop on High performance and Real-time Embedded Systems
[37]
Wang Z, Bovik AC, Sheikh HR, and Simoncelli EP Image quality assessment: from error visibility to structural similarity IEEE Trans Image Process 2004 13 4 600-612
[38]
Wang X, Niu Y, and Panpan W Quaternion exponent moments based robust color image watermarking J Comput Res Dev 2016 53 3 651
[39]
Widodo CE, Adi K, Gunadi I (2020) The use of raspberry pi as a portable medical image processing. In Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol 1524, no 1. IOP Publishing, Bristol, p 012004
[40]
Wu Q, Spiryagin M, Cole C, and McSweeney T Parallel computing in railway research Int J Rail Transp 2020 8 2 111-134
[41]
Xin Y, Pawlak M, and Liao S Accurate computation of Zernike moments in polar coordinates IEEE Trans Image Process 2007 16 2 581-587
[42]
Xin Y, Liao S, and Pawlak M Circularly orthogonal moments for geometrically robust image watermarking Pattern Recogn 2007 40 12 3740-3752
[43]
Yang HY, Wang XY, Niu PP, and Wang AL Robust color image watermarking using geometric invariant quaternion polar harmonic transform ACM Trans Multimed Comput Commun Appl (TOMM) 2015 11 3 1-26
[44]
Yu X, Wang C, and Zhou X Review on semi-fragile watermarking algorithms for content authentication of digital images Future Internet 2017 9 4 56
[45]
Yubo Xuan D, Li W, and Han Efficient optimization approach for fast GPU computation of Zernike moments, J Parallel Distrib Comput 2018 111 104-114
[46]
Yang Z, Tang M, Li Z, Ren Z, Zhang Q (2020) GPU Accelerated polar harmonic transforms for feature extraction in ITS applications. IEEE Access 8:95099–95108

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Fast encryption of color medical videos for Internet of Medical ThingsJournal of Real-Time Image Processing10.1007/s11554-024-01547-021:5Online publication date: 20-Sep-2024

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Multimedia Tools and Applications
Multimedia Tools and Applications  Volume 81, Issue 12
May 2022
1382 pages

Publisher

Kluwer Academic Publishers

United States

Publication History

Published: 01 May 2022
Accepted: 03 January 2022
Revision received: 25 August 2021
Received: 22 December 2020

Author Tags

  1. Quaternion Legendre-Fourier moments
  2. Image watermarking
  3. Raspberry pi
  4. Cluster
  5. Parallel computing
  6. Message passing interface
  7. MPI
  8. OpenMP

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Funding Sources

  • Zagazig University

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)0
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 24 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Fast encryption of color medical videos for Internet of Medical ThingsJournal of Real-Time Image Processing10.1007/s11554-024-01547-021:5Online publication date: 20-Sep-2024

View Options

View options

Login options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media