Article

A Practical Method for Watermarking Java Programs

Authors:

Ken-ichi Matsumoto,

Katsuro InoueAuthors Info & Claims

COMPSAC '00: 24th International Computer Software and Applications Conference

Pages 191 - 197

Published: 25 October 2000 Publication History

Abstract

Java programs distributed through Internet are now suffering from program theft. It is because Java programs can be easily decomposed into reusable class files and even decompiled into source code by program users. In this paper, we propose a practical method that discourages program theft by embedding Java programs with a digital watermark. Embedding a program developer's copyright notation as a watermark in Java class files will ensure the legal ownership of class files. Our embedding method is discernible by program users, yet enable us to identify an illegal program that contains stolen class files. The result of the experiment to evaluate our method showed most of the watermarks (20 out of 23) embedded in class files survived two kinds of attacks that attempt to erase watermarks: an obfuscactor attack, and a decompile-recompile attack.

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Cited By

Dey ADutta RBhattacharya SChaki NDey LChaudhury SKrishnapuram RSingla PRoy R(2019)ShellmarkProceedings of the ACM India Joint International Conference on Data Science and Management of Data10.1145/3297001.3297036(260-264)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3297001.3297036
Chroni MNikolopoulos SGeorge GStefanos GLazaros MPanagiotis TCleo S(2015)Encoding numbers into reducible permutation graphs using heap-ordered treesProceedings of the 19th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics10.1145/2801948.2801981(311-316)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2801948.2801981
Jang JKim BCho YSuen CAghdam AGuo MHong JNadimi E(2013)Impact of software watermarking on smart devicesProceedings of the 2013 Research in Adaptive and Convergent Systems10.1145/2513228.2513330(361-362)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2513228.2513330
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Index Terms

A Practical Method for Watermarking Java Programs
1. Software and its engineering
  1. Software notations and tools
    1. General programming languages
      1. Language types

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

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Published In

cover image Guide Proceedings

COMPSAC '00: 24th International Computer Software and Applications Conference

October 2000

368 pages

ISBN:0769507921

Copyright © Copyright (c) 2000 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. All rights reserved.

Publisher

IEEE Computer Society

United States

Publication History

Published: 25 October 2000

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Cited By

Dey ADutta RBhattacharya SChaki NDey LChaudhury SKrishnapuram RSingla PRoy R(2019)ShellmarkProceedings of the ACM India Joint International Conference on Data Science and Management of Data10.1145/3297001.3297036(260-264)Online publication date: 3-Jan-2019
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3297001.3297036
Chroni MNikolopoulos SGeorge GStefanos GLazaros MPanagiotis TCleo S(2015)Encoding numbers into reducible permutation graphs using heap-ordered treesProceedings of the 19th Panhellenic Conference on Informatics10.1145/2801948.2801981(311-316)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2015
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2801948.2801981
Jang JKim BCho YSuen CAghdam AGuo MHong JNadimi E(2013)Impact of software watermarking on smart devicesProceedings of the 2013 Research in Adaptive and Convergent Systems10.1145/2513228.2513330(361-362)Online publication date: 1-Oct-2013
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2513228.2513330
Zhou WZhang XJiang XChen KXie QQiu WLi NTzeng W(2013)AppInkProceedings of the 8th ACM SIGSAC symposium on Information, computer and communications security10.1145/2484313.2484315(1-12)Online publication date: 8-May-2013
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2484313.2484315
Alitavoli MJoafshani MErfanian AShin SMaldonado J(2013)A novel watermarking method for Java programsProceedings of the 28th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing10.1145/2480362.2480556(1013-1018)Online publication date: 18-Mar-2013
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2480362.2480556
Dai PWang CYu ZYue YWang J(2012)A software watermark based architecture for cloud securityProceedings of the 14th Asia-Pacific international conference on Web Technologies and Applications10.1007/978-3-642-29253-8_23(270-281)Online publication date: 11-Apr-2012
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1007/978-3-642-29253-8_23
Chroni MNikolopoulos S(2011)Encoding watermark numbers as cographs using self-inverting permutationsProceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Systems and Technologies10.1145/2023607.2023632(142-148)Online publication date: 16-Jun-2011
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/2023607.2023632
Zhang CWang JThomborson CWang CCollberg CAl-Shaer EJin HHeileman G(2009)A semi-dynamic multiple watermarking schemefor java applicationsProceedings of the nineth ACM workshop on Digital rights management10.1145/1655048.1655058(59-72)Online publication date: 9-Nov-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/1655048.1655058
Kamel IAlbluwi Q(2009)A robust software watermarking for copyright protectionComputers and Security10.1016/j.cose.2009.01.00728:6(395-409)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2009
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1016/j.cose.2009.01.007
Lim HPark HChoi SHan T(2008)Detecting Theft of Java Applications via a Static Birthmark Based on Weighted Stack PatternsIEICE - Transactions on Information and Systems10.1093/ietisy/e91-d.9.2323E91-D:9(2323-2332)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2008
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1093/ietisy/e91-d.9.2323
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