Article

Transkernel: bridging monolithic kernels to peripheral cores

Authors:

Felix Xiaozhu LinAuthors Info & Claims

USENIX ATC '19: Proceedings of the 2019 USENIX Conference on Usenix Annual Technical Conference

Pages 675 - 691

Published: 11 October 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Smart devices see a large number of ephemeral tasks driven by background activities. In order to execute such a task, the OS kernel wakes up the platform beforehand and puts it back to sleep afterwards. In doing so, the kernel operates various IO devices and orchestrates their power state transitions. Such kernel executions are inefficient as they mismatch typical CPU hardware. They are better off running on a low-power, microcontroller-like core, i.e., peripheral core, relieving CPU from the inefficiency.

We therefore present a new OS structure, in which a lightweight virtual executor called transkernel offloads specific phases from a monolithic kernel. The transkernel translates stateful kernel execution through cross-ISA, dynamic binary translation (DBT); it emulates a small set of stateless kernel services behind a narrow, stable binary interface; it specializes for hot paths; it exploits ISA similarities for lowering DBT cost.

Through an ARM-based prototype, we demonstrate transkernel's feasibility and benefit. We show that while cross-ISA DBT is typically used under the assumption of efficiency loss, it can enable efficiency gain, even on off-the-shelf hardware.

References

[1]

Y. Agarwal, S. Hodges, R. Chandra, J. Scott, P. Bahl, and R. Gupta. Somniloquy: Augmenting Network Interfaces to Reduce PC Energy Usage. In Proc. USENIX Symp. Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), 2009.

Digital Library

[2]

N. Asmussen, M. Völp, B. Nöthen, H. Härtig, and G. P. Fettweis. M3: A Hardware/Operating-System Co-Design to Tame Heterogeneous Manycores. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2016.

Digital Library

[3]

S. Bansal and A. Aiken. Binary translation using peephole superoptimizers. In Proc. USENIX Conf. Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI), 2008.

Digital Library

[4]

A. Barbalace, R. Lyerly, C. Jelesnianski, A. Carno, H.-R. Chuang, V. Legout, and B. Ravindran. Breaking the boundaries in heterogeneous-ISA datacenters. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2017.

Digital Library

[5]

A. Barbalace, M. Sadini, S. Ansary, C. Jelesnianski, A. Ravichandran, C. Kendir, A. Murray, and B. Ravindran. Popcorn: Bridging the Programmability Gap in heterogeneous-ISA Platforms. In Proc. The European Conf. Computer Systems (EuroSys), 2015.

Digital Library

[6]

A. Baumann, P. Barham, P.-E. Dagand, T. Harris, R. Isaacs, S. Peter, T. Roscoe, A. Schüpbach, and A. Singhania. The Multikernel: a new OS architecture for scalable multicore systems. In Proc. ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), 2009.

Digital Library

[7]

F. Bellard. QEMU, a Fast and Portable Dynamic Translator. In Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference (ATC), 2005.

Digital Library

[8]

E. Blem, J. Menon, T. Vijayaraghavan, and K. Sankaralingam. ISA wars: Understanding the relevance of ISA being RISC or CISC to performance, power, and energy on modern architectures. ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS), 33(1):3, 2015.

Digital Library

[9]

D. Boggs, G. Brown, N. Tuck, and K. S. Venkatraman. Denver: Nvidia's First 64-bit ARM Processor. IEEE Micro, 35(2):46-55, 2015.

Digital Library

[10]

S. Boyd-Wickizer and N. Zeldovich. Tolerating Malicious Device Drivers in Linux. In Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference (ATC), 2010.

Digital Library

[11]

A. L. Brown and R. J. Wysocki. Suspend-to-RAM in Linux. In Ottawa Linux Symposium, 2008.

[12]

X. Chen, N. Ding, A. Jindal, Y. C. Hu, M. Gupta, and R. Vannithamby. Smartphone Energy Drain in the Wild: Analysis and Implications. In Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS (SIGMETRICS), 2015.

Digital Library

[13]

X. Chen, A. Jindal, N. Ding, Y. C. Hu, M. Gupta, and R. Vannithamby. Smartphone Background Activities in the Wild: Origin, Energy Drain, and Optimization. In Proc. Ann. Int. Conf. Mobile Computing & Networking (MobiCom), 2015.

Digital Library

[14]

B.-G. Chun, S. Ihm, P. Maniatis, M. Naik, and A. Patti. CloneCloud: Elastic Execution Between Mobile Device and Cloud. In Proc. The European Conf. Computer Systems (EuroSys), 2011.

Digital Library

[15]

E. Cuervo, A. Balasubramanian, D.-k. Cho, A. Wolman, S. Saroiu, R. Chandra, and P. Bahl. MAUI: making smartphones last longer with code offload. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Mobile Systems, Applications, & Services (MobiSys), 2010.

Digital Library

[16]

A. d'Antras, C. Gorgovan, J. Garside, J. Goodacre, and M. Luján. HyperMAMBO-X64: Using Virtualization to Support High-Performance Transparent Binary Translation. In Proc. Int. Conf. Virtual Execution Environments (VEE), 2017.

Digital Library

[17]

A. d'Antras, C. Gorgovan, J. Garside, and M. Luján. Low Overhead Dynamic Binary Translation on ARM. In Proc. ACM SIGPLAN Conf. on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), 2017.

Digital Library

[18]

M. DeVuyst, A. Venkat, and D. M. Tullsen. Execution migration in a heterogeneous-ISA chip multiprocessor. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2012.

Digital Library

[19]

eLinux.org. PandaBoard Power Measurements. http://elinux:org/PandaBoard_Power_Measurements.

[20]

D. R. Engler, M. F. Kaashoek, and J. O'Toole, Jr. Exokernel: An Operating System Architecture for Applicationlevel Resource Management. In Proc. ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), 1995.

Digital Library

[21]

P. Feiner, A. D. Brown, and A. Goel. Comprehensive kernel instrumentation via dynamic binary translation. In ACM SIGARCH Computer Architecture News, 2012.

Digital Library

[22]

V. Ganapathy, M. J. Renzelmann, A. Balakrishnan, M. M. Swift, and S. Jha. The Design and Implementation of Microdrivers. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2008.

Digital Library

[23]

B. Gerofi, A. Santogidis, D. Martinet, and Y. Ishikawa. PicoDriver: Fast-path Device Drivers for Multikernel Operating Systems. In Proc. Int. Symp. on High-Performance Parallel and Distributed Computing (HPDC), 2018.

Digital Library

[24]

P. Greenhalgh. Big.LITTLE processing with ARM Cortex-A15 and Cortex-A7. Technical report, 2011.

[25]

M. Hähnel and H. Härtig. Heterogeneity by the numbers: A study of the ODROID XU+E big.little platform. In Y. Agarwal and K. Rajamani, editors, Proc. Workshp. Power-Aware Computing and Systems (HotPower), 2014.

Digital Library

[26]

U. Hansson. SDIO power on/off time impacts system suspend/resume time! http://connect:linaro:org/resource/sfo17/sfo17-402/, 2017.

[27]

B. Hawkins, B. Demsky, D. Bruening, and Q. Zhao. Optimizing Binary Translation of Dynamically Generated Code. In Proc. Int. Symp. on Code Generation and Optimization (CGO), 2015.

Digital Library

[28]

D. Hong, C. Hsu, P. Yew, J.Wu,W. Hsu, P. Liu, C.Wang, and Y. Chung. HQEMU: a multi-threaded and retargetable dynamic binary translator on multicores. In Proc. Int. Symp. on Code Generation and Optimization (CGO), 2012.

Digital Library

[29]

R. J. Hookway and M. A. Herdeg. Digital FX! 32: Combining emulation and binary translation. Digital Technical Journal, 9:3-12, 1997.

Digital Library

[30]

J. Howell, B. Parno, and J. R. Douceur. How to Run POSIX Apps in a Minimal Picoprocess. In Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference (ATC), 2013.

Digital Library

[31]

Intel. Intel SuspendResume Project. https://01:org/suspendresume, 2015.

[32]

A. Kadav and M. M. Swift. Understanding Modern Device Drivers. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2012.

Digital Library

[33]

A. Kantee and J. Cormack. Rump Kernels No OS? No Problem! Login: USENIX Magazine, 39(5), 2014.

[34]

P. Kedia and S. Bansal. Fast Dynamic Binary Translation for the Kernel. In Proc. ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), 2013.

Digital Library

[35]

A. Klaiber. The technology behind Crusoe processors. Transmeta Technical Brief, 2000.

[36]

G. Kroah-Hartman. The Linux Kernel Driver Interface - Stable API Nonsense. https://www:kernel:org/doc/Documentation/process/stable-api-nonsense:rst. (Accessed on 05/04/2019).

[37]

M. Larabel. A Stable Linux Kernel API/ABI? "The Most Insane Proposal" For Linux Development. https://www:phoronix:com/scan:php?page=news_item&px=Linux-Kernel-Stable-API-ABI, 2016.

[38]

M. Lentz, J. Litton, and B. Bhattacharjee. Drowsy Power Management. In Proc. ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), 2015.

Digital Library

[39]

J. LeVasseur, V. Uhlig, J. Stoess, and S. Götz. Unmodified Device Driver Reuse and Improved System Dependability via Virtual Machines. In Proc. USENIX Conf. Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI), 2004.

Digital Library

[40]

T. Li, P. Brett, R. Knauerhase, D. Koufaty, D. Reddy, and S. Hahn. Operating system support for overlapping-ISA heterogeneous multi-core architectures. In Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. on High Performance Computer Architecture (HPCA), 2010.

[41]

Y. Li, B. Dolan-Gavitt, S. Weber, and J. Cappos. Lockin-Pop: securing privileged operating system kernels by keeping on the beaten path. In Proc. USENIX Annual Technical Conference (ATC), 2017.

Digital Library

[42]

F. X. Lin, Z. Wang, R. LiKamWa, and L. Zhong. Reflex: using low-power processors in smartphones without knowing them. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2012.

Digital Library

[43]

F. X. Lin, Z. Wang, and L. Zhong. K2: A mobile operating system for heterogeneous coherence domains. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2014.

Digital Library

[44]

R. Liu and F. X. Lin. Understanding the Characteristics of Android Wear OS. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Mobile Systems, Applications, & Services (MobiSys), 2016.

Digital Library

[45]

X. Liu, T. Chen, F. Qian, Z. Guo, F. X. Lin, X. Wang, and K. Chen. Characterizing Smartwatch Usage in the Wild. In Proceedings of the 15th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services, 2017.

Digital Library

[46]

LKML. [GIT PULL] PM updates for 2.6.33, 2009.

[47]

D. Loghin, B. M. Tudor, H. Zhang, B. C. Ooi, and Y. M. Teo. A Performance Study of Big Data on Small Nodes. Proc. VLDB Endow., 8(7):762-773, 2015.

Digital Library

[48]

G. Lu, J. Zhan, X. Lin, C. Tan, and L. Wang. On Horizontal Decomposition of the Operating System. CoRR, abs/1604.01378, 2016.

[49]

C.-K. Luk, R. Cohn, R. Muth, H. Patil, A. Klauser, G. Lowney, S. Wallace, V. J. Reddi, and K. Hazelwood. Pin: Building customized program analysis tools with dynamic instrumentation. In Proc. ACM SIGPLAN Conf. on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), 2005.

Digital Library

[50]

LWN. Redesigning asynchronous suspend/resume. https://lwn:net/Articles/366915/, 2009.

[51]

A. Madhavapeddy, R. Mortier, C. Rotsos, D. Scott, B. Singh, T. Gazagnaire, S. Smith, S. Hand, and J. Crowcroft. Unikernels: Library operating systems for the cloud. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2013.

Digital Library

[52]

MediaTek. Microsoft Azure Sphere MCU with extensive I/O peripheral subsystem for diverse IoT applications. https://www:mediatek:com/products/azureSphere/mt3620, 2018.

[53]

D. Meisner, B. T. Gold, and T. F. Wenisch. PowerNap: Eliminating Server Idle Power. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2009.

Digital Library

[54]

D. Meisner and T. F. Wenisch. DreamWeaver: architectural support for deep sleep. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2012.

Digital Library

[55]

Micron Technology, Inc. TN4201 LPDDR2 System Power Calculator. https://www:micron:com/support/tools-and-utilities/power-calc, 2013.

[56]

Mike Turquette. The Common Clk Framework. https://www:kernel:org/doc/Documentation/clk:txt.

[57]

C. Min, W. Kang, M. Kumar, S. Kashyap, S. Maass, H. Jo, and T. Kim. Solros: a data-centric operating system architecture for heterogeneous computing. In Proc. The European Conf. Computer Systems (EuroSys), 2018.

Digital Library

[58]

J. Mogul, J. Mudigonda, N. Binkert, P. Ranganathan, and V. Talwar. Using Asymmetric Single-ISA CMPs to Save Energy on Operating Systems. IEEE Micro, 28(3):26-41, 2008.

Digital Library

[59]

J. Morrison, D. Yang, and C. Davis. Apple watch: teardown. https://www:techinsights:com/abouttechinsights/overview/blog/apple-watchteardown/. (Accessed on 01/10/2019).

[60]

N. Nethercote and J. Seward. Valgrind: A Framework for Heavyweight Dynamic Binary Instrumentation. In Proc. ACM SIGPLAN Conf. on Programming Language Design and Implementation (PLDI), 2007.

Digital Library

[61]

E. B. Nightingale, O. Hodson, R. McIlroy, C. Hawblitzel, and G. Hunt. Helios: heterogeneous multiprocessing with satellite kernels. In Proc. ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), 2009.

Digital Library

[62]

NXP Semiconductors. i.MX 6SoloX - fact sheet. https://www:nxp:com/docs/en/fact-sheet/IMX6SOLOXFS:pdf. (Accessed on 05/14/2019).

[63]

NXP Semiconductors. i.MX 8M Family of Applications Processors Fact Sheet. https://www:nxp:com/docs/en/fact-sheet/i:MX8M-FS:pdf. (Accessed on 05/14/2019).

[64]

NXP Semiconductors. i.MX 7DS power consumption measurement. https://www:nxp:com/docs/en/application-note/AN5383:pdf, 2016.

[65]

NXP Semiconductors. i.MX 7 Series Applications Processors | Arm® Cortex®-A7, Cortex-M4 | NXP. https://www:nxp:com/products/processors-and-microcontrollers/arm-based-processors-and-mcus/i:mx-applications-processors/i:mx-7-processors:IMX7-SERIES, 2017. (Accessed on 05/14/2019).

[66]

H. Oi. A Case Study of Energy Efficiency on a Heterogeneous Multi-Processor. SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev., 45(2):70-72, 2017.

Digital Library

[67]

Y. Padioleau, J. L. Lawall, R. R. Hansen, and G. Muller. Documenting and automating collateral evolutions in Linux device drivers. In J. S. Sventek and S. Hand, editors, Proc. The European Conf. Computer Systems (EuroSys), 2008.

Digital Library

[68]

Y. Padioleau, J. L. Lawall, and G. Muller. Understanding collateral evolution in Linux device drivers. In ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 2006.

Digital Library

[69]

N. Peters, S. Park, S. Chakraborty, B. Meurer, H. Payer, and D. Clifford. Web browser workload characterization for power management on HMP platforms. In Proc. IEEE/ACM/IFIP International Conference on Hardware/Software Codesign and System Synthesis (CODES), 2016.

Digital Library

[70]

A. Ponomarenko. ABI Compliance Checker. https://lvc:github:io/abi-compliance-checker/, 2018.

[71]

D. E. Porter, S. Boyd-Wickizer, J. Howell, R. Olinsky, and G. C. Hunt. Rethinking the Library OS from the Top Down. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2011.

Digital Library

[72]

A. Reid. Trustworthy Specifications of ARM v8-A and v8-M System Level Architecture. In Proc. Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design (FMCAD), 2016.

Digital Library

[73]

S. Rokicki, E. Rohou, and S. Derrien. Hardware-accelerated dynamic binary translation. In Proc. ACM/IEEE Design Automation & Test in Europe Conf. (DATE), 2017.

Digital Library

[74]

S. Rokicki, E. Rohou, and S. Derrien. Supporting runtime reconfigurable VLIWs cores through dynamic binary translation. In 2018 Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition, DATE 2018, Dresden, Germany, March 19-23, 2018, 2018.

[75]

Y. Shan, Y. Huang, Y. Chen, and Y. Zhang. LegoOS: A Disseminated, Distributed OS for Hardware Resource Disaggregation. In Proc. USENIX Conf. Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI), 2018.

Digital Library

[76]

H. Shen, A. Balasubramanian, A. LaMarca, and D. Wetherall. Enhancing Mobile Apps to Use Sensor Hubs Without Programmer Effort. In Proc. Int. Conf. Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp), 2015.

Digital Library

[77]

M. Silberstein, B. Ford, I. Keidar, and E. Witchel. GPUfs: Integrating a File System with GPUs. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2013.

Digital Library

[78]

J. Sorber, N. Banerjee, M. D. Corner, and S. Rollins. Turducken: hierarchical power management for mobile devices. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Mobile Systems, Applications, & Services (MobiSys), 2005.

Digital Library

[79]

M. M. Swift, M. Annamalai, B. N. Bershad, and H. M. Levy. Recovering Device Drivers. In Proc. USENIX Conf. Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI), 2004.

Digital Library

[80]

M. M. Swift, B. N. Bershad, and H. M. Levy. Improving the Reliability of Commodity Operating Systems. In Proc. ACM Symp. Operating Systems Principles (SOSP), 2003.

Digital Library

[81]

Texas Instruments. AM5728 Sitara Processor: Dual Arm Cortex-A15 & Dual DSP, Multimedia | TI.com. http://www:ti:com/product/AM5728. (Accessed on 05/14/2019).

[82]

Texas Instruments. Cortex-M3: Processor technical reference manual. http://infocenter:arm:com/help/index:jsp?topic=/com:arm:doc:ddi0337h/index:html. (Accessed on 05/07/2019).

[83]

Texas Instruments. OMAP4 Applications Processor: Technical Reference Manual. http://www:ti:com/lit/ug/swpu235ab/swpu235ab:pdf, 2010. (Accessed on 05/14/2019).

[84]

D. Vasisht, Z. Kapetanovic, J. Won, X. Jin, R. Chandra, S. Sinha, A. Kapoor, M. Sudarshan, and S. Stratman. FarmBeats: An IoT Platform for Data-Driven Agriculture. In Proc. USENIX Symp. Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI), 2017.

Digital Library

[85]

VMWARE. Virtual Machine to Physical Machine Migration. https://www:vmware:com/support/v2p/doc/V2P_TechNote:pdf, 2004.

[86]

W. Wang, S. McCamant, A. Zhai, and P.-C. Yew. Enhancing Cross-ISA DBT Through Automatically Learned Translation Rules. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2018.

Digital Library

[87]

W. Wang, P.-C. Yew, A. Zhai, S. McCamant, Y. Wu, and J. Bobba. Enabling Cross-ISA Offloading for COTS Binaries. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Mobile Systems, Applications, & Services (MobiSys), 2017.

Digital Library

[88]

D. Wentzlaff and A. Agarwal. Factored operating systems (fos): the case for a scalable operating system for multicores. SIGOPS Oper. Syst. Rev., 43(2):76-85, 2009.

Digital Library

[89]

S. L. Xi, M. Guevara, J. Nelson, P. Pensabene, and B. C. Lee. Understanding the Critical Path in Power State Transition Latencies. In Proc. ACM/IEEE Int. Symp. Low Power Electronics & Design (ISLPED), 2013.

Digital Library

[90]

C. Xu, F. X. Lin, Y. Wang, and L. Zhong. Automated OS-level Device Power Management for SoCs. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Architectural Support for Programming Languages & Operating Systems (ASPLOS), 2015.

Digital Library

[91]

F. Xu, Y. Liu, T. Moscibroda, R. Chandra, L. Jin, Y. Zhang, and Q. Li. Optimizing Background Email Sync on Smartphones. In Proc. ACM Int. Conf. Mobile Systems, Applications, & Services (MobiSys), 2013.

Digital Library

[92]

S. Zhai, L. Guo, X. Li, and F. X. Lin. Decelerating Suspend and Resume in Operating Systems. In Proc. ACM Workshp. Mobile Computing Systems & Applications (HotMobile), 2017.

Digital Library

[93]

Q. Zhu, M. Zhu, B. Wu, X. Shen, K. Shen, and Z. Wang. Software Engagement with Sleeping CPUs. In Proc. Workshp. Hot Topics in Operating Systems (HotOS), 2015.

Digital Library

Cited By

Engelke AOkwieka DSchulz MTitzer BXu HZhang I(2021)Efficient LLVM-based dynamic binary translationProceedings of the 17th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments10.1145/3453933.3454022(165-171)Online publication date: 7-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3453933.3454022

Index Terms

Transkernel: bridging monolithic kernels to peripheral cores
1. General and reference
  1. Cross-computing tools and techniques
    1. Performance

Recommendations

An evaluation of speculative instruction execution on simultaneous multithreaded processors

Modern superscalar processors rely heavily on speculative execution for performance. For example, our measurements show that on a 6-issue superscalar, 93% of committed instructions for SPECINT95 are speculative. Without speculation, processor resources ...
A Front-end Execution Architecture for High Energy Efficiency
MICRO-47: Proceedings of the 47th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture

Smart phones and tablets have recently become widespread and dominant in the computer market. Users require that these mobile devices provide a high-quality experience and an even higher performance. Hence, major developers adopt out-of-order ...
Low overhead dynamic binary translation on ARM
PLDI '17

The ARMv8 architecture introduced AArch64, a 64-bit execution mode with a new instruction set, while retaining binary compatibility with previous versions of the ARM architecture through AArch32, a 32-bit execution mode. Most hardware implementations ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image Guide Proceedings

USENIX ATC '19: Proceedings of the 2019 USENIX Conference on Usenix Annual Technical Conference

July 2019

1076 pages

ISBN:9781939133038

Program Chairs:
Tsafrir Dan
Technion-Israel Institute of Technology & VMware Research
,
Malkhi Dahlia
VMware Research

Sponsors

VMware
Nutanix: Nutanix
NSF
Facebook: Facebook
ORACLE: ORACLE

Publisher

USENIX Association

United States

Publication History

Published: 11 October 2019

Qualifiers

Article

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

1
Total Citations
View Citations
0
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)0
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0

Reflects downloads up to 12 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Engelke AOkwieka DSchulz MTitzer BXu HZhang I(2021)Efficient LLVM-based dynamic binary translationProceedings of the 17th ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments10.1145/3453933.3454022(165-171)Online publication date: 7-Apr-2021
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3453933.3454022

View Options

View options

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents