The controversy of selfish nodes in ad hoc networks

Currently, there are work related to selfish nodes in ad hoc mobile networks. In this paper, questions on the viability, validity, and presence of selfish nodes are raised and discussed. Various definitions and interpretations of the term "selfishness" are also presented, along with ways of determining and evaluating selfishness. In this paper, we introduce SCNP Selfish Check Negotiation Protocol to allow nodes to negotiate for collaboration whenever possible. We also discuss the "impact" of being selfish and unselfish, especially on collaborative applications, and network communication performance. We discuss the relationship of selfishness with security and denial of service. Finally, we compare the pros and cons between punishment-based and incentive-based approaches. The incentive-based approach is advocated since it encourages nodes to be less selfish and more cooperative. Cooperativeness is a necessity for supporting user communications and service provisioning in an ad hoc wireless network.