Computer Science > Machine Learning
[Submitted on 19 Sep 2022 (v1), last revised 3 Jan 2023 (this version, v3)]
Title:UMIX: Improving Importance Weighting for Subpopulation Shift via Uncertainty-Aware Mixup
View PDFAbstract:Subpopulation shift widely exists in many real-world machine learning applications, referring to the training and test distributions containing the same subpopulation groups but varying in subpopulation frequencies. Importance reweighting is a normal way to handle the subpopulation shift issue by imposing constant or adaptive sampling weights on each sample in the training dataset. However, some recent studies have recognized that most of these approaches fail to improve the performance over empirical risk minimization especially when applied to over-parameterized neural networks. In this work, we propose a simple yet practical framework, called uncertainty-aware mixup (UMIX), to mitigate the overfitting issue in over-parameterized models by reweighting the ''mixed'' samples according to the sample uncertainty. The training-trajectories-based uncertainty estimation is equipped in the proposed UMIX for each sample to flexibly characterize the subpopulation distribution. We also provide insightful theoretical analysis to verify that UMIX achieves better generalization bounds over prior works. Further, we conduct extensive empirical studies across a wide range of tasks to validate the effectiveness of our method both qualitatively and quantitatively. Code is available at this https URL.
Submission history
From: Zongbo Han [view email][v1] Mon, 19 Sep 2022 11:22:28 UTC (102 KB)
[v2] Mon, 10 Oct 2022 13:26:43 UTC (499 KB)
[v3] Tue, 3 Jan 2023 15:01:32 UTC (502 KB)
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