Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves and/or Seeds Powder on Production, Egg Characteristics, Hatchability and Blood Chemistry of Laying Japanese Quails
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
2.1. Analysis of M. oleifera
2.2. Birds, Experimental Design, and Diet
2.3. Collection of Data
2.4. Egg Characteristics
2.5. Fertility and Hatchability Percentages
2.6. Statistical Analysis
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Effect of M. oleifera on Productive Performance
3.2. Effect of M. oleifera on Fertility and Hatchability
3.3. Effect of M. oleifera on Egg Quality
3.4. Effect of M. oleifera on Blood Biochemical Indices
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
- Abd El-Hack, M.E.; Alagawany, M.; Shaheen, H.; Samak, D.; Othman, S.I.; Allam, A.A.; Taha, A.E.; Khafaga, A.F.; Arif, M.; Osman, A.; et al. Ginger and Its Derivatives as Promising Alternatives to Antibiotics in Poultry Feed. Animals 2019, 10, 452. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Alagawany, M.; Elnesr, S.S.; Farag, M.R.; Abd El-Hack, M.E.; Khafaga, A.F.; Taha, A.E.; Tiwari, R.; Yatoo, M.; Bhatt, P.; Marappan, G.; et al. Use of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) herb as a feed additive in poultry: Current knowledge and prospects. Animals 2019, 9, 536. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Khoobani, M.; Hasheminezhad, S.H.; Javandel, F.; Nosrati, M.; Seidavi, A.; Kadim, I.T.; Laudadio, V.; Tufarelli, V. Effects of Dietary Chicory (Chicorium intybus L.) and Probiotic Blend as Natural Feed Additives on Performance Traits, Blood Biochemistry, and Gut Microbiota of Broiler Chickens. Antibiotics 2020, 9, 5. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed] [Green Version]
- Adline, J.; Devi, J. A study on phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of Moringa oleifera. Int. J. Res. Appl. 2014, 2, 169–176. [Google Scholar]
- Shewita, R.S.; Taha, A.E. Influence of dietary supplementation of ginger powder at different levels on growth performance, haematological profiles, slaughter traits and gut morphometry of broiler chickens. S. Afr. J. Anim. Sci. 2018, 48, 997–1008. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Gopalakrishnan, L.; Doriya, K.; Kumar, D.S. Moringa oleifera: A review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application. Food Sci. Hum. Wellness 2016, 5, 49–56. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Makkar, H.P.S.; Becker, K. Nutritional value and antinutritional components of whole and ethanol extracted of Moringa oleifera leaves. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 1996, 63, 211–228. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Pietrzak, D.; Mroczek, J.; Antolik, A.; Michalczuk, M.; Niemiec, J. Influence of growth stimulators added to feed on the quality of meat and fat in broiler chickens. Med. Wet. 2005, 61, 553–557. [Google Scholar]
- Halle, I.; Thomann, R.; Bauermann, U.; Henning, M.; Kohler, P. Effects of a graded supplementation of herbs and essential oils in broiler feed on growth and carcass traits. Landbauforshung Volkenrode 2004, 54, 219–229. [Google Scholar]
- Yang, R.Y.; Chang, L.C.; Hsu, J.C.; Weng, B.B.; Palada, M.C.; Chadha, M.L.; Levasseur, V. Nutritional and functional properties of Moringa leaves—From germplasm, to plant, to food, to health. In Moringa Leaves: Strategies, Standards and Markets for a Better Impact on Nutrition in Africa; Moringa news; CDE, CTA, GFU: Paris, France, 2006. [Google Scholar]
- AbouSekken, M.S.M. Performance, Immune Response and Carcass Quality of Broilers Fed Low Protein Diets contained either Moringa Oleifera Leaves meal or its Extract. J. Am. Sci. 2015, 11, 153–164. [Google Scholar]
- Biel, W.; Jaroszewska, A.; Lyson, E. Nutritional quality and safety of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam., 1785) leaves as an alternative source of protein and minerals. J. Elementol. 2017, 22, 569–579. [Google Scholar]
- Ghasi, S.; Nwobodo, E.; Ofilis, J.O. Hypocholesterolemic effects of crude extract of the leafs of Moringa oleifera Lam. in high-fat diet fed Wistar rats. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2000, 69, 21–25. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Kakengi, A.M.V.; Kaijage, J.T.; Sarwatt, S.V.; Mutayoba, S.K.; Shem, M.N.; Fujihara, T. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a substitute for sunflower seed meal on performance of laying hens in Tanzania. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2007, 19, 436–446. [Google Scholar]
- Elkloub, K.; Moustafa, M.E.L.; Riry, F.H.; Mousa, M.A.M.; Hanan, A.H. Effect of using Moringa oleifera leaf meal on performance of Japanese quail. Egypt. Poult. Sci. 2015, 35, 1095–1108. [Google Scholar]
- Abd El-Hack, M.; Alagawany, M.; Elrys, A.; Desoky, E.S.; Tolba, H.; Elnahal, A.; Swelum, A. Effect of Forage Moringa oleifera L.(moringa) on animal health and nutrition and its beneficial applications in soil, plants and water purification. Agriculture 2018, 8, 145. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ghebreselassie, D.; Mekonnen, Y.; Gebru, G.; Ergete, W.; Huruy, K. The effects of Moringa stenopetala on blood parameters and histopathology of liver and kidney in mice. Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2011, 25, 51–57. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- AOAC. Official Method of Analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 15th ed.; AOAC: Washington, DC, USA, 2004. [Google Scholar]
- Gurnani, N.; Gupta, M.; Mehta, D.; Mehta, B.K. Chemical composition, total phenolic and flavonoid contents, and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of crude extracts from red chilli seeds (Capsicum frutescens L.). J. Taibah Univ. Sci. 2016, 10, 462–470. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Meda, A.; Lamien, C.E.; Romito, M.; Millogo, J.; Nacoulma, O.G. Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in burkina fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chem. 2005, 91, 571–577. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- NRC. National Research Council. Nutrient Requirements of Poultry, 9th ed.; National Academy Press: Washington, DC, USA, 1994.
- Saeed, M.; Abd El-Hack, M.E.; Arif, M.; El-Hindawy, M.M.; Attia, A.I.; Mahrose, K.M.; Hayat, K. Impacts of distiller’s dried grains with solubles as replacement of soybean meal plus vitamin E supplementation on production, egg quality and blood chemistry of laying hens. Ann. Anim. Sci. 2017, 17, 849–862. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Keener, K.M.; McAvoy, K.C.; Foegeding, J.B.; Curtis, P.A.; Anderson, K.E.; Osborne, J.A. Effect of testing temperature on internal egg quality measurements. Poult. Sci. 2006, 85, 550–555. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Card, L.E.; Nesheim, M.C. Marketing eggs. In Poultry Production, 11th ed.; Lea and Febiger: Philadelphia, PA, USA, 1972; pp. 291–295. [Google Scholar]
- Friedewald, W.T.; Levy, R.I.; Fredrickson, D.S. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin. Chem. 1972, 18, 499–502. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
- Nie, N.H.; Bent, D.H.; Hull, C.H. SPSS: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences; McGraw-Hill: New York, NY, USA, 1970. [Google Scholar]
- Kwari, I.; Diarra, S.; Raji, A.; Adamu, S. Egg production and egg quality of laying hens fed raw or processed sorrel (Hibiscus sabdariffa) seed meal. Agric. Biol. J. N. Am. 2011, 2, 616–621. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Olugbemi, T.S.; Mutayoba, S.K.; Lekule, F.P. Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a hypocholesterolemic agent in laying hen diets. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2010, 84, 27–37. [Google Scholar]
- Riry, F.H.; Elkloub, K.; Moustafa, M.E.L.; Mousa, M.A.M.; Youssef, S.F.; Hanan, A.H. Effect of using Moringa oleifera seed meal on Japanese quail performance during growing period. In Proceedings of the 9th International Poultry Conference, Hurghada, Egypt, 7–10 November 2016; pp. 322–337. [Google Scholar]
- Abdelnour, S.A.; Abd El-Hack, M.E.; Ragni, M. The Efficacy of High-Protein Tropical Forages as Alternative Protein Sources for Chickens: A Review. Agriculture 2018, 8, 86. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Etalem, T.; Getachew, A.; Mengistu, U.; Tadelle, D. Cassava root chips and Moringa oleifera leaf meal as alternative feed ingredients in the layer ration. J. Appl. Poult. Res. 2014, 23, 614–624. [Google Scholar]
- Mahmood, H.; Al-Daraji, H. Effect of dietary supplementation with different level of zinc on sperm egg penetration and fertility traits of broiler breeder chicken. Pak. J. Nutr. 2011, 10, 1083–1088. [Google Scholar]
- Moyo, B.; Masika, P.; Hugo, A.; Muchenje, V. Nutritional characterization of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) leaves. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 2011, 10, 1292–1293. [Google Scholar]
- Durmus, I.; Atasoglu, C.; Mizrak, C.; Ertas, S.; Kaya, M. Effect of increasing zinc concentration in the diets of Brown parent stock layers on various production and hatchability traits. Arch. Fur Tierz. 2004, 5, 483–489. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
- Brown, L.; Pentland, S. Health Infertility Organization: Male Infertility-Improving Sperm Quality; Acubalance Wellness Centre Ltd.: Vancouver, BC, Canada, 2007. [Google Scholar]
- Lu, W.; Wang, J.; Zhang, H.J.; Wu, S.G.; Qi, G.H. Evaluation of Moringa oleifera leaf in laying hens: Effects on laying performance, egg quality, plasma biochemistry and organ histopathological indices. Ital. J. Anim. Sci. 2016, 15, 658–665. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [Green Version]
- Ebenebe, C.I.; Anigbogu, C.C.; Anizoba, M.A.; Ufele, A.N. Effect of various levels of Moringa leaf meal on the egg quality of ISA Brown breed of layers. J. Adv. Life Sci. Technol. 2013, 14, 45–49. [Google Scholar]
- Makanjuola, B.A.; Obi, O.O.; Olorungbohunmi, T.O.; Morakinyo, O.A.; Oladele-Bukola, M.O.; Boladuro, B.A. Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal as a substitute for antibiotics on the performance and blood parameters of broiler chickens. Livest. Res. Rural Dev. 2014, 26, 144. [Google Scholar]
- Riry, F.H.; Elkloub, K.; Moustafa, M.E.L.; Mousa, M.A.M.; Hanan, A.H.; Youssef, S.F. Effect of partial replacement of soybean meal by Moringa oleifera seed meal on Japanese quail performance during laying period. Egypt. Poult. Sci. J. 2018, 38, 255–267. [Google Scholar]
- Yuangsoi, B.; Klahan, R.; Charoenwattanasak, S. Partial replacement of protein in soybean meal by Moringa seed cake (Moringa oleifera) in bocourti’s catfish (Pangasius bocourti). Songklanakarin J. Sci. Technol. 2014, 36, 125–135. [Google Scholar]
Items (g/kg) | Dry Matter | Ash | Crude Protein | Ether Extract | Crude Fiber |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seeds | 965 | 33.9 | 395.8 | 394 | 46 |
Leaves | 934 | 137.5 | 270.1 | 62 | 215 |
Content of total phenolics and total flavonoids in seed and leaf mixture | |||||
Total phenolics (mg GAE/g) | 65.24 | ||||
Total flavonoids (mg QE/g) | 17.58 |
Items | Laying Period 8–20 Weeks |
---|---|
Ingredients % | |
Yellow corn | 55.00 |
Soybean meal 44% CP | 29.50 |
Corn gluten 60% CP | 3.65 |
Cotton seed oil | 4.30 |
Dicalcium phosphate | 1.70 |
Limestone | 5.00 |
Salt | 0.30 |
Premix * | 0.30 |
L-lysine | 0.08 |
DL-methionine | 0.17 |
Calculated analysis ** | |
Crude protein % | 19.96 |
Metabolizable energy MJ/kg | 12.61 |
Calcium % | 2.51 |
Available Phosphorous % | 0.37 |
Lysine % | 1.02 |
Methionine % | 0.45 |
Methionine + Cysteine % | 0.77 |
Items | Control | MS | ML | MSL | SEM | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Feed intake (g/d/bird) | 33.54 | 33.23 | 33.09 | 33.67 | 0.10 | 0.14 |
Feed conversion ratio (g/g) | 3.18 | 2.83 | 3.20 | 3.02 | 0.20 | 0.07 |
Egg production (%) | 78.95 b,c | 83.41 a | 76.93 c | 81.73 a,b | 0.88 | 0.01 |
Egg weight (g) | 13.39 | 14.07 | 13.50 | 13.63 | 0.16 | 0.49 |
Egg mass (g/d/bird) | 10.57 b | 11.74 a | 10.38 b | 11.14 a,b | 0.06 | 0.03 |
Items | Control | MS | ML | MSL | SEM | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fertility (%) | 90.35 | 92.78 | 89.18 | 89.95 | 0.77 | 0.42 |
Hatchability (%) | 64.62 b | 71.87 a | 66.24 b | 68.03 a,b | 1.02 | 0.04 |
Hatchability (fertile eggs, %) | 71.59 | 77.54 | 74.29 | 75.66 | 1.10 | 0.30 |
Items | Control | MS | ML | MSL | SEM | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Egg index | 75.74 | 79.46 | 79.46 | 80.27 | 0.84 | 0.24 |
Shell, % | 13.38 | 13.22 | 13.45 | 13.61 | 0.12 | 0.75 |
Yolk, % | 32.40 | 31.64 | 32.62 | 31.78 | 0.24 | 0.44 |
Albumen, % | 54.23 | 55.14 | 53.93 | 54.61 | 0.24 | 0.32 |
Shell thickness, mm | 0.23 b | 0.26 a | 0.25 a,b | 0.25 a,b | 0.004 | 0.03 |
Haugh unit | 92.57 | 95.05 | 93.87 | 94.39 | 0.81 | 0.79 |
Yolk index | 48.66 | 49.33 | 49.06 | 48.83 | 0.46 | 0.97 |
Items | Control | MS | ML | MSL | SEM | p Value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AST (U/L) | 193.00 a | 134.00 b | 144.00 b | 178.67 a | 8.50 | 0.01 |
ALT (U/L) | 57.00 | 54.67 | 50.67 | 48.00 | 2.38 | 0.61 |
Total protein (g/dL) | 5.80 | 6.30 | 6.07 | 6.23 | 0.08 | 0.13 |
Albumin (g/dL) | 3.47 | 3.33 | 3.67 | 3.30 | 0.07 | 0.22 |
Globulin (g/dL) | 2.33 | 2.97 | 2.40 | 2.93 | 0.12 | 0.09 |
Albumin / Globulin ratio | 1.49 | 1.13 | 1.56 | 1.16 | 0.08 | 0.12 |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 65.33 a | 27.00 b | 36.00 b | 35.33 b | 4.59 | 0.0002 |
Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 115.33 a | 47.67 c | 85.00 b | 74.67 b | 7.76 | 0.0004 |
Urea (mg/dL) | 59.67 a | 41.67 b | 58.33 a | 46.00 a,b | 2.92 | 0.03 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.70 | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.60 | 0.04 | 0.35 |
Bilirubin (mmol/L) | 0.37 | 0.60 | 0.43 | 0.37 | 0.04 | 0.14 |
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Share and Cite
Ashour, E.A.; El-Kholy, M.S.; Alagawany, M.; Abd El-Hack, M.E.; Mohamed, L.A.; Taha, A.E.; El Sheikh, A.I.; Laudadio, V.; Tufarelli, V. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves and/or Seeds Powder on Production, Egg Characteristics, Hatchability and Blood Chemistry of Laying Japanese Quails. Sustainability 2020, 12, 2463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062463
Ashour EA, El-Kholy MS, Alagawany M, Abd El-Hack ME, Mohamed LA, Taha AE, El Sheikh AI, Laudadio V, Tufarelli V. Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves and/or Seeds Powder on Production, Egg Characteristics, Hatchability and Blood Chemistry of Laying Japanese Quails. Sustainability. 2020; 12(6):2463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062463
Chicago/Turabian StyleAshour, Elwy A., Mohamed S. El-Kholy, Mahmoud Alagawany, Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack, Laila A. Mohamed, Ayman E. Taha, Ahmed I. El Sheikh, Vito Laudadio, and Vincenzo Tufarelli. 2020. "Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves and/or Seeds Powder on Production, Egg Characteristics, Hatchability and Blood Chemistry of Laying Japanese Quails" Sustainability 12, no. 6: 2463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062463
APA StyleAshour, E. A., El-Kholy, M. S., Alagawany, M., Abd El-Hack, M. E., Mohamed, L. A., Taha, A. E., El Sheikh, A. I., Laudadio, V., & Tufarelli, V. (2020). Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Moringa oleifera Leaves and/or Seeds Powder on Production, Egg Characteristics, Hatchability and Blood Chemistry of Laying Japanese Quails. Sustainability, 12(6), 2463. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062463