Research on optimal decision-making of online and offline dual-channel supply chain of agricultural products under centralised decision-making

The rise of rural e-commerce, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, has driven agricultural development, resulting in a dual-channel model that combines offline supermarket docking with online e-commerce direct sales. In addition, given the perishable nature of most agricultural products, consumers have shown a preference for high-quality logistics services. By analysing the dynamics of agricultural supply chains in the real world, this paper examines the impact of these logistics differences, starting with the "leading enterprises + farmers" agricultural production model, and focuses on the decision-making problems in the supply chain of agricultural producers represented by leading enterprises. This paper establishes a dual-channel model under centralized decision-making frameworks that incorporates logistics service levels, which contributes to understanding how integrating online channels influences the profitability and operational strategies of the agricultural supply chain, particularly in light of logistics service considerations.