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A temporally quantized distribution of pupil diameters as a new feature for cognitive load classification

Published: 30 May 2023 Publication History

Abstract

In this paper, we present a new feature that can be used to classify cognitive load based on pupil information. The feature consists of a temporal segmentation of the eye tracking recordings. For each segment of the temporal partition, a probability distribution of pupil size is computed and stored. These probability distributions can then be used to classify the cognitive load. The presented feature significantly improves the classification accuracy of the cognitive load compared to other statistical values obtained from eye tracking data, which represent the state of the art in this field. The applications of determining Cognitive Load from pupil data are numerous and could lead, for example, to pre-warning systems for burnouts.

References

[1]
Jackson Beatty. 1982. Task-evoked pupillary responses, processing load, and the structure of processing resources.Psychological bulletin 91, 2 (1982), 276.
[2]
Sandra G Hart and Lowell E Staveland. 1988. Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. In Advances in psychology. Vol. 52. Elsevier, 139–183.
[3]
Moritz Kassner, William Patera, and Andreas Bulling. 2014. Pupil: an open source platform for pervasive eye tracking and mobile gaze-based interaction. In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM international joint conference on pervasive and ubiquitous computing: Adjunct publication. 1151–1160.
[4]
Emmanouil Ktistakis, Vasileios Skaramagkas, Dimitris Manousos, Nikolaos S Tachos, Evanthia Tripoliti, Dimitrios I Fotiadis, and Manolis Tsiknakis. 2022. COLET: A dataset for COgnitive workLoad estimation based on eye-tracking. Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 224 (2022), 106989.
[5]
Adriana A Zekveld, Sophia E Kramer, and Joost M Festen. 2011. Cognitive load during speech perception in noise: The influence of age, hearing loss, and cognition on the pupil response. Ear and hearing 32, 4 (2011), 498–510.

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  1. A temporally quantized distribution of pupil diameters as a new feature for cognitive load classification

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        cover image ACM Conferences
        ETRA '23: Proceedings of the 2023 Symposium on Eye Tracking Research and Applications
        May 2023
        441 pages
        ISBN:9798400701504
        DOI:10.1145/3588015
        Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be honored. For all other uses, contact the Owner/Author.

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        Association for Computing Machinery

        New York, NY, United States

        Publication History

        Published: 30 May 2023

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        Author Tags

        1. cognitive load
        2. eye tracking
        3. feature extraction
        4. machine learning
        5. pupil

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        ETRA '23

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        Overall Acceptance Rate 69 of 137 submissions, 50%

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