research-article

You have been warned: Abusing 5G’s Warning and Emergency Systems

Authors:

Evangelos Bitsikas,

Christina PöpperAuthors Info & Claims

ACSAC '22: Proceedings of the 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference

Pages 561 - 575

https://doi.org/10.1145/3564625.3568000

Published: 05 December 2022 Publication History

Abstract

The Public Warning System (PWS) is an essential part of cellular networks and a country’s civil protection. Warnings can notify users of hazardous events (e. g., floods, earthquakes) and crucial national matters that require immediate attention. PWS attacks disseminating fake warnings or concealing precarious events can have a serious impact, causing fraud, panic, physical harm, or unrest to users within an affected area. In this work, we conduct the first comprehensive investigation of PWS security in 5G networks. We demonstrate five practical attacks that may impact the security of 5G-based Commercial Mobile Alert System (CMAS) as well as Earthquake and Tsunami Warning System (ETWS) alerts. Additional to identifying the vulnerabilities, we investigate two PWS spoofing and three PWS suppression attacks, with or without a man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacker. We discover that MitM-based attacks have more severe impact than their non-MitM counterparts. Our PWS barring attack is an effective technique to eliminate legitimate warning messages. We perform a rigorous analysis of the roaming aspect of the PWS, incl. its potentially secure version, and report the implications of our attacks on other emergency features (e. g., 911 SIP calls). We discuss possible countermeasures and note that eradicating the attacks necessitates a scrupulous reevaluation of the PWS design and a secure implementation.

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Purification SKim JKim JChang S(2024)Fake Base Station Detection and Link Routing DefenseElectronics10.3390/electronics1317347413:17(3474)Online publication date: 1-Sep-2024
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Wen HSharma PYegneswaran VPorras PGehani ALin Z(2024)6G-XSec: Explainable Edge Security for Emerging OpenRAN ArchitecturesProceedings of the 23rd ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks10.1145/3696348.3696881(77-85)Online publication date: 18-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3696348.3696881
Ross AReaves BNasser YCukierman GJover R(2024)Fixing Insecure Cellular System Information Broadcasts For GoodProceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses10.1145/3678890.3678924(693-708)Online publication date: 30-Sep-2024
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Index Terms

You have been warned: Abusing 5G’s Warning and Emergency Systems
1. Networks
  1. Network services
  2. Network types
    1. Mobile networks
    2. Wireless access networks
2. Security and privacy
  1. Network security

Index terms have been assigned to the content through auto-classification.

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ACSAC '22: Proceedings of the 38th Annual Computer Security Applications Conference

December 2022

1021 pages

ISBN:9781450397599

DOI:10.1145/3564625

Copyright © 2022 ACM.

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Published: 05 December 2022

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ACSAC: Annual Computer Security Applications Conference

December 5 - 9, 2022

TX, Austin, USA

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https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13173474
Wen HSharma PYegneswaran VPorras PGehani ALin Z(2024)6G-XSec: Explainable Edge Security for Emerging OpenRAN ArchitecturesProceedings of the 23rd ACM Workshop on Hot Topics in Networks10.1145/3696348.3696881(77-85)Online publication date: 18-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3696348.3696881
Ross AReaves BNasser YCukierman GJover R(2024)Fixing Insecure Cellular System Information Broadcasts For GoodProceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Research in Attacks, Intrusions and Defenses10.1145/3678890.3678924(693-708)Online publication date: 30-Sep-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3678890.3678924
Chen MHu YTu GLi CWang SShi JXie THsu RXiao LPeng CTan ZLu S(2024)Taming the Insecurity of Cellular Emergency Services (9–1-1): From Vulnerabilities to Secure DesignsIEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking10.1109/TNET.2024.337929232:4(3076-3091)Online publication date: Aug-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TNET.2024.3379292
Purification SWuthier SKim JKim JChang S(2024)Fake Base Station Detection and Blacklisting2024 33rd International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks (ICCCN)10.1109/ICCCN61486.2024.10637542(1-9)Online publication date: 29-Jul-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCCN61486.2024.10637542
Yakar EKilinc H(2024)Exploring the Impact of Big Data Analytics on Emergency Calls within Telecommunication SystemsProcedia Computer Science10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.021238(240-247)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2024.06.021
Bitsikas ESchnitzler TPöpper CRanganathan ACalandrino JTroncoso C(2023)Freaky Leaky SMSProceedings of the 32nd USENIX Conference on Security Symposium10.5555/3620237.3620358(2151-2168)Online publication date: 9-Aug-2023
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Baccar KLahmadi A(2023)An Experimental Testbed for 5G Network Security AssessmentNOMS 2023-2023 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium10.1109/NOMS56928.2023.10154283(1-6)Online publication date: 8-May-2023
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Baccar KLahmadi A(2023)An Experimental Study of Denial of Service Attacks on a 5G COTS Hardware2023 7th Cyber Security in Networking Conference (CSNet)10.1109/CSNet59123.2023.10339752(12-18)Online publication date: 16-Oct-2023
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