An energy efficient clustering protocol for homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless sensor network

In Wireless sensor network, the sensors usually have a limited energy source and are deployed in areas that are difficult to reach. The energy consumed by transferring data from sensors to destination raises as a critical issue in designing energy efficient routing protocol for homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless sensor network. Different approaches using clustering algorithms have been proposed in order to reduce the energy consumption and increase the sensor network lifetime. In this paper, we propose and evaluate a new energy efficient routing protocol for homogeneous and heterogeneous wireless sensor. We use a balanced probability threshold to select the best candidates as cluster heads. Then, we choose one candidate among cluster heads based on its residual energy and the distance to the base station for data transmission to the base station. The analysis of simulation results and comparison of proposed methods with most known clustering protocols show that our approach have significant impact on energy efficiency and network lifespan.