Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

skip to main content
10.1145/3383455.3422564acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagesicaifConference Proceedingsconference-collections
research-article

Towards self-regulating AI: challenges and opportunities of AI model governance in financial services

Published: 07 October 2021 Publication History

Abstract

AI systems have found a wide range of application areas in financial services. Their involvement in broader and increasingly critical decisions has escalated the need for compliance and effective model governance. Current governance practices have evolved from more traditional financial applications and modeling frameworks. They often struggle with the fundamental differences in AI characteristics such as uncertainty in the assumptions, and the lack of explicit programming. AI model governance frequently involves complex review flows and relies heavily on manual steps. As a result, it faces serious challenges in effectiveness, cost, complexity, and speed. Furthermore, the unprecedented rate of growth in the AI model complexity raises questions on the sustainability of the current practices. This paper focuses on the challenges of AI model governance in the financial services industry. As a part of the outlook, we present a system-level framework towards increased self-regulation for robustness and compliance. This approach aims to enable potential solution opportunities through increased automation and the integration of monitoring, management, and mitigation capabilities. The proposed framework also provides model governance and risk management improved capabilities to manage model risk during deployment.

References

[1]
J. Armour, C. Mayer, and A. Polo. 2017. Regulatory Sanctions and Reputational Damage in Financial Markets. J. Financial Quant. Anal. 52, 4 (2017), 1429--1448.
[2]
Bank Policy Institute. 2020. Artificial Intelligence: recommendations for the principled modernization of the regulatory framework. (2020).
[3]
BLDS, Discover Financial Services, and H2O.ai. 2020. Machine Learning: considerations for fairly and transparently expanding access to credit. (2020).
[4]
R. Chalapathy, A. K. Menon, and S. Chawla. 2018. Anomaly Detection using One-Class Neural Networks. arXiv:1802.06360
[5]
Y. Cheng, D. Wang, P. Zhou, and T. Zhang. 2017. A Survey of Model Compression and Acceleration for Deep Neural Networks. arXiv:1710.09282
[6]
C. Chin. 2019. Highlights: The GDPR and CCPA as benchmarks for federal privacy legislation. Brookings Institute (2019).
[7]
A. Chouldechova. 2016. Fair Prediction with Disparate Impact: A Study of Bias in Recidivism Prediction Instruments. J. Big Data 5, 2 (2016), 153--163.
[8]
S. Corbett-Davies, E. Pierson, A. Feller, S. Goel, and A. Huq. 2017. Algorithmic Decision Making and the Cost of Fairness. In ACM SIGKDD. 797--806.
[9]
I. Crespo, P. Kumar, P. Noteboom, and M. Taymans. 2017. The Evolution of Model Risk Management.
[10]
O. Engdahl. 2014. Ensuring regulatory compliance in banking and finance through effective controls: The principle of duality in the segregation of duties. Regulation & Governance 8, 3 (2014), 332--349.
[11]
S. English and S. Hammond. 2019. Cost of Compliance Report. Thomson Reuters (2019).
[12]
G. Agarwala et al. 2019. Building the Right Governance Model For AI/ML. E&Y Report (2019).
[13]
V. Mnih et. al. 2015. Human-level control through deep reinforcement learning. Nature 518, 7540 (Feb. 2015), 529--533.
[14]
P. A. Ficklin, T. Pahl, and P. Watkins. 2020. Providing Adverse Action Notices When Using AI/ML Models. CFPB (2020).
[15]
World Economic Forum. 2020. Transforming Paradigms: A Global AI in Financial Services Survey.
[16]
U. Gasser and V. Almeida. 2016. A Layered Model for AI Governance. IEEE Internet Comput. 21 (2016), 58--62.
[17]
B. Gehra, J. Leiendecker, and G. Lienke. 2017. Compliance by Design: Banking's Unmissable Opportunity. Boston Consulting Group White Paper (2017).
[18]
P. Goelz, A. Kahng, and A. D. Procaccia. 2019. Paradoxes in Fair Machine Learning. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 32. 8342--8352.
[19]
Google. 2019. Perspectives on Issues in AI Governance. (2019).
[20]
M. Hardt, E. Price, and N. Srebro. 2016. Equality of Opportunity in Supervised Learning. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. Vol. 29. 3315--3323. arXiv:1610.02413
[21]
J. B. Heaton, Nicholas G. Polson, and J. H. Witte. 2016. Deep Learning in Finance. (2016). arXiv:1602.06561
[22]
Hong Kong Institute for Monetary and Financial Research. 2020. Artificial Intelligence in Banking: The changing landscape in compliance and supervision.
[23]
J. S. Kim, J. Chen, and A. Talwalkar. 2020. Model-Agnostic Characterization of Fairness Trade-offs. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning. 9339--9349. arXiv:2004.03424
[24]
M. Labonte. 2020. Who Regulates Whom? An Overview of the U.S. Financial Regulatory Framework. Congressional Research Service R44918 (2020).
[25]
M. P. Laurent, F. V. Weyenbergh, O. Plantefève, and M. Tejada. 2020. Banking Models After COVID-19: Taking Model-risk Management to The Next Level.
[26]
J. L. Lobo, I. Lana, J. Del Ser, M. N. Bilbao, and N. K. Kasabov. 2018. Evolving Spiking Neural Networks for Online Learning Over Drifting Data Streams. Neural Networks 108 (2018), 1--19.
[27]
A. Oprea, A. Gal, I. Moulinier, J. Chen, M. Veloso, E. Kurshan, S. Kumar, and T. Faruquie. 2019. NeurIPS 2019 Workshop on Robust AI in Financial Services: Data, Fairness, Explainability, Trustworthiness, and Privacy.
[28]
G. Pleiss, M. Raghavan, F. Wu, J. Kleinberg, and K. Q. Weinberger. 2017. On Fairness and Calibration. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. Vol. 30. 5680--5689.
[29]
N. Rao. 2019. Intel AI Summit 2019 Keynote.
[30]
M. U. Scherer. 2016. Regulating Artificial Intelligence Systems. Harvard J. Law Tech. 29, 2 (2016), 333--400.

Cited By

View all

Recommendations

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Conferences
ICAIF '20: Proceedings of the First ACM International Conference on AI in Finance
October 2020
422 pages
ISBN:9781450375849
DOI:10.1145/3383455
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

Sponsors

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 07 October 2021

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. artificial intelligence
  2. financial services
  3. machine learning
  4. model governance
  5. model risk management

Qualifiers

  • Research-article

Conference

ICAIF '20
Sponsor:
ICAIF '20: ACM International Conference on AI in Finance
October 15 - 16, 2020
New York, New York

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)329
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)38
Reflects downloads up to 19 Nov 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)Implementing AI-Based Recommendation Systems for Personalized Financial Services in LibrariesImproving Library Systems with AI10.4018/979-8-3693-5593-0.ch017(235-243)Online publication date: 17-May-2024
  • (2024)Ethical Considerations in AI Applications in FinanceRisks and Challenges of AI-Driven Finance10.4018/979-8-3693-2185-0.ch012(277-290)Online publication date: 19-Apr-2024
  • (2024)Multimodal Retrieval Augmented Generation Evaluation Benchmark2024 IEEE 99th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC2024-Spring)10.1109/VTC2024-Spring62846.2024.10683437(1-5)Online publication date: 24-Jun-2024
  • (2024)Self-regulation Versus Government RegulationThe Balancing Problem in the Governance of Artificial Intelligence10.1007/978-981-97-9251-1_13(207-221)Online publication date: 13-Nov-2024
  • (2024)Policies and Standards Versus Laws and RegulationsThe Balancing Problem in the Governance of Artificial Intelligence10.1007/978-981-97-9251-1_12(189-206)Online publication date: 13-Nov-2024
  • (2023)Machine learning in AI Factories – five theses for developing, managing and maintaining data-driven artificial intelligence at large scaleit - Information Technology10.1515/itit-2023-002865:4-5(218-227)Online publication date: 9-Nov-2023
  • (2023)Contextualisation of Relational AI Governance in Existing ResearchThe Relational Governance of Artificial Intelligence10.1007/978-3-031-25023-1_4(165-212)Online publication date: 4-Feb-2023
  • (2022)Model Monitoring in PracticeProceedings of the 28th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining10.1145/3534678.3542617(4800-4801)Online publication date: 14-Aug-2022
  • (2022)Designing a data mining process for the financial services domainJournal of Business Analytics10.1080/2573234X.2022.20884126:2(140-166)Online publication date: 7-Jul-2022
  • (2021)Mapping global AI governance: a nascent regime in a fragmented landscapeAI and Ethics10.1007/s43681-021-00083-y2:2(303-314)Online publication date: 17-Aug-2021

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media