research-article

Viewers' Perception of Elements Used in Game Live-Streams

Authors:

Maximilian Altmeyer,

Antonio KrügerAuthors Info & Claims

Mindtrek '18: Proceedings of the 22nd International Academic Mindtrek Conference

Pages 59 - 68

https://doi.org/10.1145/3275116.3275117

Published: 10 October 2018 Publication History

Abstract

Game live-streaming is a phenomenon attracting many people. A general analysis of which elements viewers in this context find interesting is important for platform vendors to inform future concepts, for content creators to better integrate their audience and for researchers to identify opportunities for future research. However, to our knowledge, this has not yet been done systematically. This paper contributes by presenting results of an online questionnaire (n=417) in which viewers' opinions on 58 elements (features, concepts and streamers' behaviors) were collected. We present the elements and a viewer's ranking of them. We also contribute aspects that are of relevance for the live-streaming context: among others, that many of the top-rated elements have an interactive component attached to them and that viewer integration is something that is appreciated by active and passive viewers alike, as long as it does not interfere with the streamer's performance unconditionally.

References

[1]

Justin Cheng, Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, and Jure Leskovec. 2015. Antisocial Behavior in Online Discussion Communities. In Proc. ICWSM 2015. 61--70.

[2]

Gifford Cheung and Jeff Huang. 2011. Starcraft from the Stands: Understanding the Game Spectator. In Proc. CHI 2011. 763--772.

Digital Library

[3]

Colin Ford, Dan Gardner, Leah E. Horgan, Calvin Liu, a. m. tsaasan, Bonnie Nardi, and Jordan Rickman. 2017. Chat Speed OP PogChamp: Practices of Coherence in Massive Twitch Chat. In Proc. CHI EA 2017. 858--871.

Digital Library

[4]

Mathilde B Friedländer. 2017. Streamer Motives and User-Generated Content on Social Live-Streaming Services. Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice 5, 1 (2017), 65--84.

[5]

Enrico Gandolfi. 2016. To Watch or to Play, it is in the Game: The Game Culture on Twitch.tv Among Performers, Plays and Audiences. Journal of Gaming & Virtual Worlds 8, 1 (2016), 63--82.

[6]

Daniel Gros, Brigitta Wanner, Anna Hackenholt, Piotr Zawadzki, and Kathrin Knautz. 2017. World of Streaming. Motivation and Gratification on Twitch. In Proc. SCSM 2017. 44--57.

[7]

Oliver L. Haimson and John C. Tang. 2017. What Makes Live Events Engaging on Facebook Live, Periscope, and Snapchat. In Proc. CHI 2017. 48--60.

Digital Library

[8]

William A. Hamilton, Oliver Garretson, and Andruid Kerne. 2014. Streaming on Twitch: Fostering Participatory Communities of Play Within Live Mixed Media. In Proc. CHI 2014. 1315--1324.

Digital Library

[9]

William A. Hamilton, John Tang, Gina Venolia, Kori Inkpen, Jakob Zillner, and Derek Huang. 2016. Rivulet: Exploring Participation in Live Events Through Multi-Stream Experiences. In Proc. TVX 2016. 31--42.

Digital Library

[10]

Hsiu-Fang Hsieh and Sarah E. Shannon. 2005. Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research 15, 9 (2005), 1277--1288.

[11]

Mu Hu, Mingli Zhang, and Yu Wang. 2017. Why do Audiences Choose to Keep Watching on Live Video Streaming Platforms? An Explanation of Dual Identification Framework. Computers in Human Behavior 75 (2017), 594--606.

Digital Library

[12]

Jakob Nielsen. 2006. The 90-9-1 Rule for Participation Inequality in Social Media and Online Communities. https://www.nngroup.com/articles/participation-inequality, last accessed: 01/07/2018.

[13]

Pascal Lessel, Michael Mauderer, Christian Wolff, and Antonio Krüger. 2017. Let's Play My Way: Investigating Audience Influence in User-Generated Gaming Live-Streams. In Proc. TVX 2017. 51--63.

Digital Library

[14]

Pascal Lessel, Alexander Vielhauer, and Antonio Krüger. 2017. CrowdChess: A System to Investigate Shared Game Control in Live-Streams. In Proc. CHI PLAY '17. ACM, 389--400.

Digital Library

[15]

Pascal Lessel, Alexander Vielhauer, and Antonio Krüger. 2017. Expanding Video Game Live-Streams with Enhanced Communication Channels: A Case Study. In Proc. CHI 2017. 1571--1576.

Digital Library

[16]

Danielle Lottridge, Frank Bentley, Matt Wheeler, Jason Lee, Janet Cheung, Katherine Ong, and Cristy Rowley. 2017. Third-Wave Livestreaming: Teens' Long Form Selfie. In Proc. MobileHCI 2017. 20:1--20:12.

Digital Library

[17]

Xiaojuan Ma and Nan Cao. 2017. Video-based Evanescent, Anonymous, Asynchronous Social Interaction: Motivation and Adaption to Medium. In Proc. CSCW 2017.770--782.

Digital Library

[18]

Adam W. Meade and S. Bartholomew Craig. 2012. Identifying Careless Responses in Survey Data. Psychological Methods 17, 3 (2012), 1--19.

[19]

Matthew K. Miller, John C. Tang, Gina Venolia, Gerard Wilkinson, and Kori M. Inkpen. 2017. Conversational Chat Circles: Being All Here Without Having to Hear It All. In Proc. CHI '17. ACM, 2394--2404.

Digital Library

[20]

Jedrzej Olejniczak. 2015. A Linguistic Study of Language Variety Used on Twitch.tv: Descriptive and Corpus-Based Approaches. Redefining Community in Intercultural Context (2015), 329--344.

[21]

Rita Orji, Julita Vassileva, and Regan L. Mandryk. 2014. Modeling the Efficacy of Persuasive Strategies for Different Gamer Types in Serious Games for Health. User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction 24, 5 (2014), 453--498.

Digital Library

[22]

Anthony J. Pellicone and June Ahn. 2017. The Game of Performing Play: Understanding Streaming As Cultural Production. In Proc. CHI 2017. 4863--4874.

Digital Library

[23]

Joseph Seering, Robert Kraut, and Laura Dabbish. 2017. Shaping Pro and Anti-Social Behavior on Twitch Through Moderation and Example-Setting. In Proc. CSCW 2017. 111--125.

Digital Library

[24]

Max Sjöblom and Juho Hamari. 2016. Why Do People Watch Others Play Video Games? An Empirical Study on the Motivations of Twitch Users. Computers in Human Behavior 75 (2016), 985--996.

Digital Library

[25]

Max Sjöblom, Maria Törhönen, Juho Hamari, and Joseph Macey. 2017. Content Structure is King: An Empirical Study on Gratifications, Game Genres and Content Type on Twitch. Computers in Human Behavior 73 (2017), 161--171.

Digital Library

[26]

Thomas Smith, Marianna Obrist, and Peter Wright. 2013. Live-Streaming Changes the (Video) Game. In Proc. EuroITV 2013. 131--138.

Digital Library

[27]

John C. Tang, Gina Venolia, and Kori M. Inkpen. 2016. Meerkat and Periscope: I Stream, You Stream, Apps Stream for Live Streams. In Proc CHI 2016. 4770--4780.

Digital Library

[28]

Gustavo F. Tondello, Rina R. Wehbe, Rita Orji, Giovanni Ribeiro, and Lennart E. Nacke. 2017. A Framework and Taxonomy of Videogame Playing Preferences. In Proc. CHI PLAY 2017. 329--340.

Digital Library

Cited By

Wang PLu Z(2023)Let’s Play Together through Channels: Understanding the Practices and Experience of Danmaku Participation Game Players in ChinaProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36110597:CHI PLAY(1025-1043)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3611059
Hammad NHarpstead EHammer J(2023)The View from MARS: Empowering Game Stream Viewers with Metadata Augmented Real-time StreamingProceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3586183.3606753(1-13)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3586183.3606753
Bawack RBonhoure EKamdjoug JGiannakis M(2023)How social media live streams affect online buyers: A uses and gratifications perspectiveInternational Journal of Information Management10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.10262170(102621)Online publication date: Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102621
Show More Cited By

Index Terms

Viewers' Perception of Elements Used in Game Live-Streams
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Human computer interaction (HCI)
    1. Empirical studies in HCI

Recommendations

Expanding Video Game Live-Streams with Enhanced Communication Channels: A Case Study
CHI '17: Proceedings of the 2017 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems

Live-streaming of video games is a recent phenomenon. One driving factor is the direct communication between the streamer and the audience. Currently, besides the platform-integrated options such as text chats, streamers often use external sources to ...
Social motivations of live-streaming viewer engagement on Twitch
Abstract
Little is known about the motivations underlying viewer engagement in the rapidly growing live-streaming multimedia phenomenon. This study trialled an eight-factor socio-motivational model, based on Uses and Gratifications Theory, to ...
Highlights
- Live-stream viewer engagement was explored from a socio-motivational perspective.
Viewer types in game live streams: questionnaire development and validation
Abstract
Producing and consuming live-streamed content is a growing trend attracting many people today. While the actual content that is streamed is diverse, one especially popular context is games. Streamers of gaming content broadcast how they play ...

Comments

Please enable JavaScript to view thecomments powered by Disqus.

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences

Mindtrek '18: Proceedings of the 22nd International Academic Mindtrek Conference

October 2018

282 pages

ISBN:9781450365895

DOI:10.1145/3275116

Copyright © 2018 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

In-Cooperation

Tampere University of Technology
UTA: The University of Tampere
SIGCHI Finland: ACM SIGCHI Finland
Tampere University of Applied Sciences

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 10 October 2018

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Request Permissions

Check for updates

Author Tags

Qualifiers

Research-article
Research
Refereed limited

Conference

Mindtrek 2018

Mindtrek 2018: Academic Mindtrek 2018

October 10 - 11, 2018

Tampere, Finland

Acceptance Rates

Mindtrek '18 Paper Acceptance Rate 34 of 68 submissions, 50%;

Overall Acceptance Rate 110 of 207 submissions, 53%

Contributors

Other Metrics

View Article Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

11
Total Citations
View Citations
308
Total Downloads

Downloads (Last 12 months)31
Downloads (Last 6 weeks)1

Reflects downloads up to 04 Oct 2024

Other Metrics

View Author Metrics

Citations

Cited By

Wang PLu Z(2023)Let’s Play Together through Channels: Understanding the Practices and Experience of Danmaku Participation Game Players in ChinaProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/36110597:CHI PLAY(1025-1043)Online publication date: 4-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3611059
Hammad NHarpstead EHammer J(2023)The View from MARS: Empowering Game Stream Viewers with Metadata Augmented Real-time StreamingProceedings of the 36th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology10.1145/3586183.3606753(1-13)Online publication date: 29-Oct-2023
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3586183.3606753
Bawack RBonhoure EKamdjoug JGiannakis M(2023)How social media live streams affect online buyers: A uses and gratifications perspectiveInternational Journal of Information Management10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.10262170(102621)Online publication date: Jun-2023
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2023.102621
Pagáč TKriglstein S(2023)Using Audience Avatars to Increase Sense of Presence in Live-StreamsComputer-Human Interaction Research and Applications10.1007/978-3-031-49368-3_20(326-337)Online publication date: 23-Dec-2023
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-49368-3_20
Lessel PAltmeyer MSahner JKrüger A(2022)Streamer's Hell - Investigating Audience Influence in Live-Streams Beyond the GameProceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction10.1145/35495156:CHI PLAY(1-27)Online publication date: 31-Oct-2022
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3549515
Gandolfi EFerdig RClements R(2022)Streaming code across audiences and performers: An analysis of computer science communities of inquiry on Twitch.tvBritish Journal of Educational Technology10.1111/bjet.13207Online publication date: 24-Feb-2022
https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13207
Schuck PAltmeyer MKrüger ALessel P(2022)Viewer types in game live streams: questionnaire development and validationUser Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction10.1007/s11257-022-09328-932:3(417-467)Online publication date: 1-Jun-2022
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11257-022-09328-9
Törhönen MGiertz JWeiger WHamari J(2021)Streamers: the new wave of digital entrepreneurship? Extant corpus and research agendaElectronic Commerce Research and Applications10.1016/j.elerap.2020.10102746(101027)Online publication date: Mar-2021
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elerap.2020.101027
Lytle CRamsey PYeo JDressen TKang DHarger BHammer JMirza-Babaei PMcArthur VVanden Abeele VBirk M(2020)Toward Live Streamed Improvisational Game ExperiencesProceedings of the Annual Symposium on Computer-Human Interaction in Play10.1145/3410404.3414226(148-159)Online publication date: 2-Nov-2020
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3410404.3414226
Wodarczyk Svon Mammen S(2020)Emergent Multiplayer Games2020 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG)10.1109/CoG47356.2020.9231834(33-40)Online publication date: Aug-2020
https://doi.org/10.1109/CoG47356.2020.9231834
Show More Cited By

View Options

Get Access

Login options

Check if you have access through your login credentials or your institution to get full access on this article.

Full Access

Get this Publication

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

eReader

View online with eReader.

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

View Table of Contents